Fundamentals of Enterprise Systems Flashcards
Definition: Information System
Information Systems are socio-technical systems composed of the interrelated core elements user, task, technology
Socio-Technical Perspective
Social Subsystem (i.e. Individuals, Groups, Organizations) and Technical Subsystem (Software, Hardware) interact with eachother -> need to jointly optimize.
Instrumental objectives: Better performance of system
Humanistic objectives: Job satisfaction, quality of life
Definition: Enterprise System
Enterprise Systems represent a specific category of IS. They build on pre-packaged industry best practices embedded in standardised product software and target large-scale integration of data and business processes across all company’s functional areas and beyond company borderlines
Comparison: Functional IS
Strategy: Lower Organizational Scope
Flexibility: High
Scope: Integrates selected functions within or across business processes
Business Logic: Developed to suit existing processes
Development: In-house or specialised vendors
Complexity/Risk: Low
Industry Commonality: Specialized
Deployment: Many different systems
Comparison: Enterprise System
Strategy: Higher org. scope
Flexibility: Low
Scope: A lot of/All of the functions
Business Logic: Best Practices
Development: Vendor
Complexity/Risk: Higher
Industry Commonality: Across Industry
Deployment: Small set of systems
Integration of Information in Organizations
Horizontal: Across Value Chain
Vertical: Between Operational, Tactical and Strategic Level
Packaged Software
- Standard Software
- Generally Purchased from Vendor: Service Contract
- Characteristics:
- Shared development costs
- Best practices established
- Dev and maintenance supplier
- Preview possible
- Documentation and education material available
- Reference implementation available
Custom Software
Make to order or inhouse
Characteristics:
- Tailored solution, focus on required solutions/functionality
- Competitive advantage
- Company specific changes possible
- Independency of software supplier
- Terminology of company used, less education effort
Classes of Enterprise Systems
Supplier Centric:
- B2B Portals
- Supplier Relationship Management
- Supply Chain Management (Blockchain)
Core Enterprise:
- Strategic Level: Business Intelligence & Analytics (ML & Data Science)
- Tactical Level: Business Process Management (RPA), Master Data Management
- Operational Level: ERP (Process Mining), Manufacturing Execution System (IoT)
- Additional: Human Resource Management (New Work)
Customer-Centric:
- E-Commerce (B2C) (Chatbots)
- Operational CRM
- Analytical CRM
ERP
ERP is a business management software that allows to use a system of integrated applications. It integrates all facets of an operation
Master Data Management
Master specifies the essential business entities a company’s business activities are based on. MDM includes all activities for creating, modifying or deleting. Quality Management, maintenance, archiving
BPM
BPM is a comprehensive approach for managing and transforming organisational operations. Measure, intervene, enable people.
How are processes conducted?
How can they be optimized?
Process Mining
Intelligent BPM following a data-driven paradigm and applying advanced analytical techniques in order to increase intelligence in business proces execution.
Process Discover -> Conformance checking -> Performance enhancement
RPA
RPA tools perform statements on structured data and combine UI interactions, API calls automating a process.
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)
Research topic about groups of user and how to design systems to support their work as a group and how to understand the effect of technology on their work patterns.
