Fundamentals of atherogenesis

Question 1

what ar the risk factors for atherosclerosis

Answer 1

• Age
• tobaco smoking
• obesity
• gender
• diabetes
• hypertension
• family history

Question 2

what is the stuctuer of an atherosclerotic plaque

Answer 2

complex lesion consisting of:
* Lipid
* necrotic core
* connective tissue
* fibrous cap

Question 4

what are the stages of plaque formation

Answer 4

1) fatty streaks

2)intermediate lesions
-has layers including lipid laden macrophages (foam cells)
-Vascular smooth muscle cells
-T lymphocytes
-Adhesion and aggregation of platelets to vessel wall
- Isolated pools of extracellular lipid

3)fibrous plaque/advanced lesion
-impeding blood flow, could rupture,
-covered by dense fibrous plaque
-contains smooth muscle cells,macrophages, foam cells and T lymphocytes

4a) rupture

4b) erosion

Question 5

How is CAD treated

Answer 5

-PCI - Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
-stent implantation