Fundamental locomotion of skills of childhood Flashcards
6 fundamental locomotion skills
running, jumping, hopping, sliding, leap, gallop
what did early and later studies look at in reference to movement during early childhood development
early: focused on quantitative changes
later: focused on qualitative changes (progressing toward a mature form)
what cause a movement outcome
environment and goal of mover act on the mover who produces the outcome
intertask sequences
progression of different skills along a timespan
intratask sequences
profession within one skill until it is mastered
closed skill
ex. hitting a ball off a tee
no outside forces,
fixed, unchanging environment
predetermined movements in a precise and repeatable way
based on a ideal model
open skill
more advanced, outside forces increase difficulty
constantly having to adapt movements to situation
ex. hitting a ball that is pitched
three levels of development that occur between 2-7 years of age
initial
elementary
mature
between-person difference
everyone follows the same sequence of development
rate of learning varies due to genetics
and environment
need to have instruction, encouragement, and opportunities for practice
Between pattern differnces
individuals do not progress evenly in the development of their fundamental movement abilities.
different skills may exist at different levels
within pattern differences
within a pattern, one may exhibit a combo of initial, elementary and mature stages
within pattern differences are a result of:
incomplet modeling of the movement of others
initial success with the inappropriate action
failure to require an all-out effort
inappropriate or restricted learning opportunities
independent walking requires
strength to propel the body and handle ground reaction forces, stability, improved motor coordination to control the moving legs
running phases
support phase, flight phase, recovery phase
immature running
wide base of support, arms held high, flat footed
