Fundamental Concepts Flashcards
1
Q
process of meiosis
A
- cell grows larger
- DNA and organelles (eg ribosomes and mitochondria) are replicated to form chromosomes that have double DNA
- (meiosis 1) 1 set of chromosomes are pulled to each end of the cell and pairs of homologous chromosomes separate leading to variation (any one of the pair can go to either side)
- nucleus divides
- (meiosis 2) chromosomes split in half, half going to each new cell
- cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form 4 daughter cells from the original 1 cell
- all cells are different from each other
2
Q
what is metabolism?
A
the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body.
3
Q
what does metabolism include?
A
- conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen and cellulose
- the formation of lipid molecules from a molecule of glycerol and three
molecules of fatty acids - the use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids which in turn
are used to synthesise proteins - respiration
- breakdown of excess proteins to form urea for excretion.
4
Q
where does meiosis take place?
A
sex organs
