Functional Anatomy of the Knee Flashcards
What structures form the knee joint?
femur head, tibia head, fibula head, patella, medial and lateral condyle, medial and lateral menisci, ACL, PCL, medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament, patella ligament, suprapatellar bursa, prepatella burse, infrapatellar bursa, semimembranous bursa, joint capsule with synovial membrane produing synovial fluid
Label the knee joint
What are the ligaments of the knee?
ACL, PCL, medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament, patella ligament
What are the menisci?
lateral and medial piece of fibrocartilage that cushions, stabilises the joint by deepening the articular surface and transfers load from the upper to the lower leg
What is the role of each ligament present in the knee joint?
PL = connects patella.
MCL = prevent leg from medial over-extending inward.
LCL = prevents lateral over-extending.
ACL = prevents anterior dislocation of tibia onto femur.
PCL = prevents posterior dislocation of tibia onto the femur.
What are the movements of the knee?
Flexion, extension, when flexed = medial rotation, lateral rotation
What muscles are involved with flexion of the knee?
hamstrings, gracilis, sartorius and popliteus
What muscles are involved in extension of the knee?
quadriceps femoris
What muscles are involved in medial rotation of the knee?
semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gracilis, sartorius and popliteus
What muscles are involved in lateral rotation of the knee?
biceps femoris
Label this image of a thigh bone
Label this image of the lower leg
picture
What muscles make up the quadriceps
vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, rectus femoris
What muscles adduct the hip?
adductors longus, brevis and magnus, pectineus and gracillis
What are the borders of the femoral triangle?
superior = inguinal ligament.
Lateral = Sartorius.
Medial = adductor longus
What are the bursa of the knee?
Suprapatellar bursa,
prepatella burse,
infrapatellar bursa,
semimembranous bursa
