Functional Anatomy of the Hip & Arthritis Flashcards
Label the diagram
Label the diagram
What is the acetabulum and the bones that form it?
Cup-like socket of the pelvis into which the head of the femur fits = ilium + ischium + pubis
What are articulations of the hip and pelvis?
Public symphysis = units superior rami of L and R pubic bones. Sacroiliac joints = between sacrum and iliac. Hip joint = acetabulum and head of femur
Label the nerves
Label the vessels
What is the acetabular labrum?
Fibrocartilaginous ring surrounding the acetabulum = allowing the head of the femur to articulate with the acetabulum by deepening the socket
What are the intracapsular ligaments vs extracapsular?
I = ligament of head of femur.
E = iliofemoral ligament, pubofemoral, ishiofemoral
What are the 6 movements of the hip?
Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation
What are the primary hip flexors?
Psoas major, iliacus
What muscles assist hip flexors?
Pectineus, rectus femoris, Sartorius, tensor fascia latae
What muscles enable hip extensors?
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings, biceps femoris, semitendinosis, semimembranosus
What muscles allow for hip abduction?
Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus
What muscles allow hip adduction?
Pectineus, gracilis, adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus
Internal rotation of the hip is achieved by what muscles?
Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus
What muscle enables lateral rotation?
Biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, deep gluteals
Describe the factors that stabilize the hip joint
Acetabulum, acetabular labrum, spiral orientation of ligaments cause tightening = iliofemoral ligament, pubofemoral, ishiofemoral
What is osteoarthritis?
Degenerative joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone = clinical syndrome of joint pain with functional limitation + reduced QoL
Describe the risk factors for osteoarthritis of the hip
Obesity, past injury to joint, occupational factors, genetics
What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis of the hip
Joint pain, crepitis, joint deformity, osteophytes, joint stiffness
Describe and identify the features of osteoarthritis of the hip on an X-ray
SONS = Subchondrial sclerosis, Osteophytes, Narrowing of joint space, Subchondrial cysts
Describe the limitations pts experience when having osteoarthritis of the hip
Disability in old age, joint paint, stiffness, limited walking function, mechanical pain
