Functional Anatomy of the Hip & Arthritis

Question 1

Label the diagram

Answer 1

Question 2

Label the diagram

Answer 2

Question 3

What is the acetabulum and the bones that form it?

Answer 3

Cup-like socket of the pelvis into which the head of the femur fits = ilium + ischium + pubis

Question 4

What are articulations of the hip and pelvis?

Answer 4

Public symphysis = units superior rami of L and R pubic bones. Sacroiliac joints = between sacrum and iliac. Hip joint = acetabulum and head of femur

Question 5

Label the nerves

Answer 5

Question 6

Label the vessels

Answer 6

Question 7

What is the acetabular labrum?

Answer 7

Fibrocartilaginous ring surrounding the acetabulum = allowing the head of the femur to articulate with the acetabulum by deepening the socket

Question 8

What are the intracapsular ligaments vs extracapsular?

Answer 8

I = ligament of head of femur.

E = iliofemoral ligament, pubofemoral, ishiofemoral

Question 9

What are the 6 movements of the hip?

Answer 9

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation

Question 10

What are the primary hip flexors?

Answer 10

Psoas major, iliacus

Question 11

What muscles assist hip flexors?

Answer 11

Pectineus, rectus femoris, Sartorius, tensor fascia latae

Question 12

What muscles enable hip extensors?

Answer 12

Gluteus maximus, hamstrings, biceps femoris, semitendinosis, semimembranosus

Question 13

What muscles allow for hip abduction?

Answer 13

Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus

Question 14

What muscles allow hip adduction?

Answer 14

Pectineus, gracilis, adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus

Question 15

Internal rotation of the hip is achieved by what muscles?

Answer 15

Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus

Question 16

What muscle enables lateral rotation?

Answer 16

Biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, deep gluteals

Question 17

Describe the factors that stabilize the hip joint

Answer 17

Acetabulum, acetabular labrum, spiral orientation of ligaments cause tightening = iliofemoral ligament, pubofemoral, ishiofemoral

Question 18

What is osteoarthritis?

Answer 18

Degenerative joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone = clinical syndrome of joint pain with functional limitation + reduced QoL

Question 19

Describe the risk factors for osteoarthritis of the hip

Answer 19

Obesity, past injury to joint, occupational factors, genetics

Question 20

What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis of the hip

Answer 20

Joint pain, crepitis, joint deformity, osteophytes, joint stiffness

Question 21

Describe and identify the features of osteoarthritis of the hip on an X-ray

Answer 21

SONS = Subchondrial sclerosis, Osteophytes, Narrowing of joint space, Subchondrial cysts

Question 22

Describe the limitations pts experience when having osteoarthritis of the hip

Answer 22

Disability in old age, joint paint, stiffness, limited walking function, mechanical pain