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Sports Science > Fuels for performance and Energy Systems > Flashcards

Fuels for performance and Energy Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

What is carbohydrates(CHO)

A

CHO is the preferred fuel during exercise(simplest fuel)45-65%in daily diet and and example is potatoes

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2
Q

What are fats(healthy)

A

provides 2/3 of energy requirements at rests. As intensity increases fat use decreases the use of CHO use. Used in your daily diet 25-30%. n example is avocadoes

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3
Q

What are proteins?

A

proteins proves minimal contribution towards energy requirements.provides energy in extreme cases when glucose and fats are depleted.

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4
Q

How does CHO travel in the blood?

A

glucose

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5
Q

How is CHO stored in the muscles?

A

Glycogen

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6
Q

How do fats travel in the blood

A

by free fatty acids

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7
Q

How is fats stored in the muscles?

A

tryiglycerides

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8
Q

How are proteins traveled in the blood?

A

Amino Acids

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9
Q

How are proteins stored in the muscles?

A

amino acids or muscle tissue

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10
Q

What is the glycaemic index?

A

The GI is a 2 hour period provides an indicator of how quickly glucose is broken down and released into the bloodstream. Its a scale from 0-100.

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11
Q

What do low GI foods do?

A

allow for a sustained release of glucose into the bloodstream leading to a more stable glucose level

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12
Q

High Gi foods do what?

A

allow a quicker release of glucose into the bloodstream

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13
Q

What are some examples of high GI foods?

A

lollies,energy drinks,Jells,white bread,potatoes

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14
Q

What are some examples of low GI foods?

A

grains,pasta,beans,potatoes

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15
Q

When would you need low GI foods?

A

before exercise to sustain energy

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16
Q

When would you need high GI foods?

A

during exercise or after to put more glucose in blood-speeds up recovery

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17
Q

What are the 3 energy systems?

A

ATP-CP,anaerobic glycolosis system and aerobic energy system

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18
Q

How much ATP is stored in the muscles.

A

2-3 seconds

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19
Q

What needs to occur after all the stored ATP has been depleted?

A

AdP and PL is required to be resynthesised into ATP via the 3 energy systems.

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20
Q

What are 2 activities that would require the ATP PC system

A

Sprint,tennis serve, 25 m swim

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21
Q

What is the fuel of ATP-PC

A

PC

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22
Q

How many bonds does ATP-PC have?

A

1

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23
Q

Describe to advantages of the ATP-PC sytem

A

1.enables the athlete to work at maximal capacity-HRM 95%
2.resynthesises ATP at the fastest rate

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24
Q

Describe 2 disadvantages of the ATP PC system

A

1.finite capacity as there is only 2-3seconds worth of PC stored in the muscles.
2. maximal capaity can maintained for 10 seconds

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25
Q

Explain why the ATP PC system has a finite capacity?

A

because PC stores deplete in 10 seconds

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26
Q

Why do you need to have a Passive recovery for ATP PC system

A

A passive recovery will enable PC to rebuild at the most rapid rate

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27
Q

Why so sprinters walk slowly between there sprints?

A

because they need a passive recovery to enable PC to be rebuilt at the fastest rate. This wil enable the sprinter to perform their next sprint at the maximal intensity(95%HRM) and maintain a high contribution from the ATp PC system

28
Q

What is the fatiguing mechanism of ATP_PC

A

PC depletion

29
Q

What is the capacity of ATP-PC

A

very low capacity to rebuild ATP

30
Q

What is the Chemical pathway for the anaerobic gycolosis system and the re-synthesis of ATP

A

glycogen-glucose-pyruvic acid-lactate/H+ accumulation

31
Q

Describe why the anaerobic glycolosis system cant produce energy (rebuild) as rapidly as the ATP system?

A

the anaerobic system can not rebuild atp as rapidly as it has a more complex chemical pathway this results in decreased intensity-85-95%

32
Q

What is the food fuel for the ATP-PC system?

A

no food fuel!

33
Q

What is the fuel substrate of the ATP-PC system?

A

Creatine Phosphate

34
Q

What is the intensity of %Hrm of the ATP-PC system?

A

95+

35
Q

What is the rate of ATP re synthesis of the ATP-PC system?

A

very rapid

36
Q

What is the capacity of the ATP-PC system?

A

very low

37
Q

What is the yield of the ATP-PC system?

A

one

38
Q

What is the fatigue mechanism of the ATP-PC system?

A

PC depletion

39
Q

Is the ATP-PC system finite or infinite?

A

Finite

40
Q

What is the recovery type for of the ATP-PC system?

A

Passive

41
Q

What is the advantage of the of the ATP-PC system?

A

work at maximal HRM

42
Q

What is the disadvantage of the ATP-PC system?

A

only use for 10 seconds on ly stored in the muscles for 2-3 seconds

43
Q

Example sports for the ATP-PC system?

A

Sprinter,netballer

44
Q

What is the food fuel for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

CHO

45
Q

What is the fuel/substrate for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

Glycogen

46
Q

What is the rate of ATP re synthesis for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

Rapid

47
Q

What is the %hrm for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

85-95%

48
Q

What is the capacity for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

low

49
Q

What is the yield for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

2ATP

50
Q

What is the fatigue mechanism for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

H+/Lactate accumulation

51
Q

Is the Anaerobic Glycolosis system Finite or infinite?

A

Finite

52
Q

What is the recovery type for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

Active

53
Q

What is the advantage for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

Work for longer than the ATP-PC system without oxygen

54
Q

What are the disadvantages for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

fatiguing bi-products

55
Q

Example sports for the Anaerobic Glycolosis system?

A

middle distance(400m)

56
Q

What is the food fuel for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

Free fatty acids/CHO

57
Q

What is the fuel/substrate for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

triglycerides/glycogen

58
Q

What is the %hrm for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

65-85%

59
Q

What is the rate of ATP re-synthesis for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

slow

60
Q

What is the capacity of ATP re synthesis for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

high

61
Q

What is the yield for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

36

62
Q

What is the fatiguing mechanism for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

glycogen depletion

63
Q

Is the Aerobic Energy System finite of infinite?

A

infinite

64
Q

What is the recovery type for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

active

65
Q

Advantages for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

no fatiguing bi products

66
Q

What is the disadvantages for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

complex system due to oxygen

67
Q

What are some example sports for the Aerobic Energy System?

A

marathon

Sports Science (8 decks)

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