Fuckin nerves and shit 11.1 Flashcards by Hayley Carlson

Q

How do cells communicate?

A

electrical and chemical signals

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Q

Which function gathers information about internal and external conditions?

A

Sensory

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Q

What function processes and interpretation the sensory input?

A

Integration

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Q

Which function is the response, activation of effector organs (muscles and glands)?

A

Motor output

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Q

auto

A

self

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Q

pathos

A

suffer/feel

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Q

Part

brain and spinal cord, integrative and control center

A

Central nervous system

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Q

Part

cranial nerve and spinal nerve, communication from CNS and rest of the body

A

PNS

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Q

Part

somatic and visceral sensory nerve fibers, conducts impulses from receptors to the CNS

A

Sensory (afferent) division

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Q

Part

conducts impulses from the CNS to effectors

A

motor efferent division

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Q

Another name for afferent division

A

sensory

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Q

Another name for efferent division

A

Motor

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Q

Voluntary or involuntary

Somatic

A

voluntary

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Q

Voluntary or involuntary

autonomic

A

involuntary

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Q

Part

conducts impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles

A

Somatic

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Q

Part

Conducts impulses from CNS to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands

A

Autonomic

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Q

Part

mobilizes body systems during activity

A

sympathetic

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Q

Part

conserves energy, promotes house keeping functions during rest

A

Parasympathetic

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Q

2 basic cell types?

A

Neurogila and neurons

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Q

Which nervous cell supports cells of various functions?

A

neurogila

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Q

Which nervous cell transmits electrical signals?

A

neurons

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Q

Which neurogila cell forms permeable barrier, lining the cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid?

A

Ependymal

Q

Which neuroglia cell has cilla?

A

Ependymal

Q

Which neuroglia cell clings to neurons and capillaries?

A

astrocytes

Q

aster/ astro

A

star

Q

What is the function of astrocytes?

A

nutritional support
modulate neuronal activity
releases neurotransmitters

Q

Which neuroglia cell wraps the CNS nerve fibers, forming insulating myelin sheaths of thicker nerves?

A

oligodendrocytes

Q

oligo

A

few

Q

dendron

A

tree

Q

Which neuroglia cell is small and phagocytize microorganisms and neuronal debris (clean shit up) and migrate toward injured neurons

A

microglial

Q

Which neuroglia cell surrounds the neuron cell bodies in PNS?

A

Satellite cells

Q

Which neuroglia cell surrounds and forms myelin sheaths of neurons in PNS?

A

Schwann cells

Q

What are the 6 different neuroglia cells?

A

astrocytes
microglial
ependymal
oligodendrocytes
microglial
satellite
schwann

Q

postmitotic

A

after mitosis no longer dividing

Q

which part of the cell receives input

A

dendrites

Q

How does the imcoming messages from the dendrites to the cell body come?

A

graded potentials

Q

dendritic spines

A

little bumps where synapses form

Q

Are dendrites pre or post synamptic

A

yo look it up

Q

Which part of the neurons contains the cell nucleus and dna

A

soma

Q

Where are most neuronal cell bodies located?

A

CNS

Q

Which part of the neuron sends output

A

axon

Q

anterograde

A

forward away from soma

Q

retrograde

A

backward toward soma

Q

What releases neurotransmitters and forms synapse with other cells?

A

axon terminals

Q

what does the axon rely on the soma for

A

proteins and mRNA

Q

how does the proteins and mRNA get from the soma to the axon

A

microtubules by motor proteins

Q

What are the two types of neuronal processes

A

dendrites and axon

Q

What is the junction between axon and soma

A

axon hillock

Q

What is the decision point of the neuron

A

axon hillock

Q

What integrates and sums electrical inputs from dendrites

A

axon hillock

Q

When voltage is high enough in the axon hillock what happens

A

AP is generated

Q

What protects and electrically insulates the axon

A

myelin sheath

Q

what increases speed of nerve impulse transmission

A

myelin sheaths