15.3-15.4 Flashcards
Taste and smell are both what kind of receptors?
Chemoreceptors
true or false odorants may activate multiple ORs
true
What taste tastes sugars
sweet
What taste tastes ions and electrolytes
salty
What taste tastes acids
sour
Protons H+ corresponds with which taste
sour
Which taste tastes toxins
bitter
Which taste tastes protein
Umami
Another name for Basal epithelial cells is
stem cells
What is the term for non neuronal gustatory receptor sensory cells that release neurotransmitters which then activate neurons
Gustatory epithelial cells
Which tastes work through ion channels
salty sour bitter
Which tastes work through GPCRS
umami and sweet
Trigeminal nerve is responsible for what
noxious stimuli (smell)
Muscles in the middle ear tighten in response to what
loud noise
What does the pharynogotympanic tube of the ear do
equalizes air pressure of the middle ear with outside environment
What are the three main parts of the internal ear
- Semicircular Canals
- Vestibule
- Cochlea
Bending of the stereocilia on hair cells results in mechanical force that opens what
mechanoreceptors
Do sounds with low or high frequencies travel through the helictrema and do not excite hair cells
low
Conductive deafness effects what part or parts of the ear
external and or middle
Sensorineural deafness effect affects what part or parts of the ear
inner ear or cochlea
Cochlea is which part of the ear
inner
Central auditory dysfunction affects which part or parts
Cranial Nerve VII, auditory brain stem or cerebral cortex
Does maculae detect horizontal, linear or vertical motion
linear
Does Utricle detect horizontal, linear or vertical motion
horizontal
Does saccule detect horizontal, linear or vertical motion
vertical
The semicircular canels detect what
rotational acceleration
What is caused by a conflict between visual vestibular or semicircular canal- maculae inputs?
motion sickness
Of semicircular canals, vestibule and cochlea which are responsible for equilibrium and which for hearing
Semicircular ducts and vestibule are equilibrium; Cochlea is for hearing
