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IWS1 > Fruili Venezia Giulia** > Flashcards

Fruili Venezia Giulia** Flashcards

1
Q

How did Friuli Venezia Giulia’s history shaped its modern wine industry?

A
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2
Q

Describe the importance of Friuli Venezia Giulia to Italy’s white wine industry.

A
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3
Q

Describe the influence of bordering countries on Friuli Venezia Giulia’s wine industry.

A

borders Slovenia and Austria, bringing together Italian, German and Slavic cultures, especially in Eastern Friuli

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4
Q

Describe the factors that influence the Friuli Venezia Giulia’s climate.

A

interplay between Alpine air masses and inland sea breezes reduces humidity and moderates summer heat

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5
Q

How is Friuli Venezia Giulia’s growing area sub-divided and what makes the divisions different from each
other (soils, climate, grape varieties, etc.)?

A
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6
Q

How is Friuli Venezia Giulia divided by geology and topography?

A
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7
Q

Describe the influence of rivers, hills and mountains on viticultural practices in Friuli Venezia Giulia.

A
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8
Q

their synonyms and their origins?

A
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9
Q

What are the grape varieties utilized for Friuli Venezia Giulia’s “need to know” appellations?

A
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10
Q

What are the key viticultural details (vineyard practices, soil, slope, exposure and climate preferences) about the “need to know” grapes?

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11
Q

Which varieties are used for still, sparkling and dessert wines in Friuli Venezia Giulia?

A
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12
Q

Which wines allow blending partners and which must be 100% varietal in Friuli Venezia Giulia?

A
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13
Q

What are the permissible wine styles (still, sparkling, dessert, etc.) of the “need to know” appellations in Friuli Venezia Giulia?

A
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14
Q

What are the key sub-zones of the “need to know” appellations in Friuli Venezia Giulia?

A
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15
Q

Where are the “need to know” appellations situated within Friuli Venezia Giulia’s sub-regions?

A
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16
Q

What is the climate, topography and geology of the “need to know” appellations in Friuli Venezia Giulia?

A
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17
Q

What are the grape varieties and wine styles of the “need to know” appellations in Friuli Venezia Giulia?

A
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18
Q

Where and when was the birth of Italian white winemaking?

A

Friuli, late 60’s, clean fresh fruity style (not oxidized)

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19
Q

Name two historical sweet wines from Friuli.

A

Picot and Ramandolo

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20
Q

What is the role of blends in Friuli?

A

minimal, focus is single varietal wines

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21
Q

When did Friuli become an important center of wine production?

A

181 BCE with Latin Foundation of Aquileia

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22
Q

How did Aquileia rank among the great cities of the world?

A

At the end of the 4th century, Ausonius enumerated Aquileia as the ninth, 4th on the Italian peninsula after Rome, Mediolanum (Milan) and Capua (Campania)

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23
Q

What was the favorite wine of the wife (Livia) of Augustus Caesar?

A

Pucinum

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24
Q

What regions are referred to by the term Triveneto?

A

Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli

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25
Q

When did Attila the Hun level Aquileia?

A

452 CE

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26
Q

In what year was Friuli united as part of the Austrian Empire?

A

1797

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27
Q

In what year was Friuli united as part of the Kingdom of Italy?

A

1919

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28
Q

What are the 4 provinces of Friuli?

A

Podenone, Udine, Gorizia, Trieste (capital)

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29
Q

What is topographic breakdown of Friuli?

A

mountains 42%; hills 20% and plains 38%

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30
Q

What are the 4 topographic zones of Friuli?

A

Alps/Pre-Alps; Eastern Hills; Central alluvial plain; Lower coastal plain

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31
Q

What and where are the 3 soil types of Friuli?

A

Sand/Clay/Gravel (in Low coastal plain and Central alluvial plain) alternating Sandstone/ Calcareious marls (ponca in eastern hills); Limestone plateau (Carso)

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32
Q

What are the important rivers in Friuli?

A

Livenza, Tagliamento, Isonzo and Natisone

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33
Q

What is the Bora?

A

cold, winter wind from the east, often hits Gulf of Trieste [Alps protect from north winds]

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34
Q

Describe the soils of the Eastern Hills of Friuli.

A

alternating sandstone and calcareous marls, aka “ponca”

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35
Q

Describe the soils of the Central Plain of Friuli.

A

fertile mix of sand, clay and gravel

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36
Q

Describe the soils of the Carso Plateau of Friuli.

A

limestone su-soil topped with iron-rich sand and clay

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37
Q

What is ponca?

A

alternating sandstone and calcareous marls in the Eastern Hills of Friuli,

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38
Q

What is the mix of red and white grapes in Fruili?

A

70% white, 30% red [FRiuli = few red; Veneto is even split]

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39
Q

What Slavic grapes contribute to the diversity found in Friuli?

A

Vitovska, Terrano, Malvasia Istriana (considered native to both Italy and Slovenia)

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40
Q

What Germanic grapes contribute to the diversity found in Friuli?

A

Riesling, Muller Thurgau, Welschriesling and Blaufränkisch

41
Q

What French grapes contribute to the diversity found in Friuli?

A

Pinot Blanc, Pinot Grigio, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Merlot and Cabernet Franc

42
Q

Why was the term Tocai used in conjunction with the Friulano grape?

A

deliberately done to take advantage of the international fame of Furmint based Takaji wines from Hungary (Robinson)

43
Q

How does Friulano compare to the unrelated Sauvignon Blanc?

A

not as crisp or aromatic, but may be fuller-bodied

44
Q

Where is Friulano native?

A

an old variety from the Gironde in France - Sauvignonasse

45
Q

Of the 4 topographic zones of Friuli, which is renowned for quality wine?

A

eastern hills

46
Q

What are the historic roots of Ribolla Gialla?

A

hills of Friuli since 1200’s

47
Q

What are the historic roots of Malvasia Istriana?

A

hills of Friuli since 1200’s

48
Q

What are the historic roots of Picolit?

A

in Friuli since Roman times

49
Q

What native grape is most grown in Friuli?

A

Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso (traditional international grapes dominate - similar to Trentino, but not Alto Adige)

50
Q

What 2 grapes are most grown in Friuli?

A

Pinot Grigio and Merlot

51
Q

What are the need to know native white grapes of Friuli?

A

Picot, Ribolla Gialla, Friulano [not truly native], Malvasia Istriana, Vitovska

52
Q

What are the need to know native red grapes of Friuli?

A

Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino

53
Q

What is the difference between Schioppettino and Schiopetto

A

Mario Schiopetto, iconic wine producer vs. red grape from Friuli

54
Q

Where is Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso native?

A

Carso (but grown throughout Friuli now)

55
Q

What is the best known version of Picolit?

A

sweet white wine in Friuli

56
Q

What is the etymology of Picolit?

A

In Friuli small berries (intense flavors of sweet wines) or small yields (rare)

57
Q

What town is associated with Picolit?

A

Rosazzo

58
Q

Who was Livio Felluga?

A

follower of Mario Schiopetto

59
Q

What was the role of MLF and oak for Mario Schiopetto?

A

none

60
Q

Who led the orange wine movement in Friuli?

A

Graver and Radikon

61
Q

What is Vintage Tunina?

A

super-white blend from Friuli producer Jermann, started in the late 70’s

62
Q

What is the wine quality pyramid in Friuli?

A

40/60/0 [one of the highest DOC proportions in Italy]

63
Q

How does the area under vine in Friuli compare to other regions?

A

4K acres, 1/50 of Veneto, 1/3 of Alto Adige; producer size is correspondingly small

64
Q

What is the role of cooperatives in Friuli?

A

marginal (contrast to Trentino and Alto Adige)

65
Q

What is the largest appellation in Friuli?

A

Friuli Grave DOC

66
Q

What are the 3 sub-regions of appellations in Friuli?

A

Central Plains, Coastal Plains, Eastern Friuli

67
Q

What are the need to know appellations in the Central Plains of Friuli?

A

Friuli Grave DOC and Lison DOCG

68
Q

What are the need to know appellations in the Coastal Plains of Friuli?

A

none, area of Aquiliea

69
Q

What are the need to know appellations in the Eastern Friuli?

A

Collio DOC, Friuli Colli Orientali DOC, Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG, Ramandolo DOCG, Rosazzo DOCG, Friuli Isonzo DOC, Carso DOC

70
Q

What are the geographic landmarks of Friuli Grave DOC?

A

gravelly soil and magredi, flat expanses where low grasses draw on arid beds of gravel

71
Q

What river is associated with Friuli Grave DOC?

A

bisected by Tagliamento River [!]

72
Q

What soils are associated with Friuli Grave DOC?

A

well-drained sand, gravel with high limestone content, needs irrigation

73
Q

What color grapes dominate in Friuli Grave?

A

red [!]

74
Q

What are the subdivision of the Alps in Friuli?

A

Carnic Alps to the west and Julian Alps to the east [closer to Aquiliea]

75
Q

What moderates the climate of FCO?

A

Adriatic Sea

76
Q

What are the 3 largest appellations in Friuli?

A

FG, FCO, Collio

77
Q

What soils are associated with Collio DOC?

A

Ponca aka Flysch of Cormons, alternating layers of sandstone and calcareous
marl

78
Q

What are the most renown historic sub-zones of Collio DOC?

A

Capriva, Oslavia, San Floriano del Collio

79
Q

What is most planted grape variety in Collio?

A

Pinot Grigio (same as Friuli)

80
Q

What is geographic orientation of Collio DOC and Friuli Colli Orientale DOC?

A

FCO is north of Collio

81
Q

When did areas of Collio DOC and Friuli Colli Orientale DOC join Italy?

A

FCO after in second half of 19th century and Collio after WWI

82
Q

What city is associated with FCO?

A

Cividale

83
Q

What is most planted grape variety in FCO?

A

Friulano (contrast with PG in Collio)

84
Q

What are the sub-zones of Collio DOC?

A

Call, Prepotto, Rosazzo, Faedis [C-PRoF]

85
Q

What are the sub-zones of FCO DOC?

A

Call, Prepotto, Rosazzo, Faedis [C-PRoF]

86
Q

What is the focus of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG?

A

rare sweet white wine

87
Q

What is the focus of Ramandolo DOCG?

A

sweet wine from Verduzzo Giallo in Friuli

88
Q

What was Friuli’s first DOCG?

A

Ramandolo DOCG (2001)

89
Q

What is Friuli’s coolest appellation?

A

Ramandolo DOCG

90
Q

What is the focus of Rosazzo DOCG?

A

Friulano based white blend

91
Q

What are Rive Alte?

A

the best vineyards in Friuli Isonzo DOC

92
Q

What are pastini?

A

terraces in Carso

93
Q

What are the unique grapes of Carso DOC?

A

Vitovska and Terrano

94
Q

What are the 3 most widely planted grape varieties of Friuli Venezia Giulia?

A

Pinot Grigio, Merlot, Friulani

95
Q

What regions are shared between Friuli and Veneto?

A

Prosecco DOC, Lison DOC, Delle Venezia IGT, Alto Licenza IGT

96
Q

What Italian regions border Friuli?

A

only Veneto [Similar to Val d’Aosta enclosed by Piemonte]

97
Q

Friulano is the focus of which appellations?

A

Lison DOCG, FCO DOC, Rosazzo DOCG

98
Q

What is the significance of Paulo Rapuzzi?

A

founder of Friuli producer Ronchi di Cialla, saved Schioppettino grape [p not IWS yet]

IWS1 (10 decks)

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