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IWS1 > Alto Adige/Südtirol** > Flashcards

Alto Adige/Südtirol** Flashcards

1
Q

How Alto Adige’s history shaped its modern wine industry

A
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2
Q

The influence of Germany and Austria on Alto Adige’s wine industry

A
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3
Q

The factors that influence Alto Adige’s climate

A
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4
Q

How Alto Adige’s growing area is sub-divided and what makes the divisions different from each other (soils,
climate, grape varieties, etc.)

A
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5
Q

Alto Adige’s geology and topographical structure

A
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6
Q

The influence of rivers, lakes, valleys and mountains on viticultural practices

A
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7
Q

The most widely planted grape varieties of Alto Adige and their synonyms

A
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8
Q

The preferred soil types and best appellations for Alto Adige’s “need to know” grape varieties

A
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9
Q

The grape varieties utilized for Alto Adige’s “need to know” appellations

A
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10
Q

Key viticultural details (origin, vineyard practices, etc.) about the “need to know” grapes

A
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11
Q

Which wines allow blending partners and which must be 100% varietal

A
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12
Q

The characteristic wine styles (still, sparkling, dessert, rosato, etc.) of the “need to know” appellations

A
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13
Q

The significance of possible label terms such as: Superiore

A
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14
Q

What is the significance of label term Classico?

A

can refer to original area of St. Maddalena sub-zone of Alto Aidge DOC for Schiava and to Lake Caldera

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15
Q

What is the significance of label term Kretzer?

A

rosato of Lagrein in Alto Adige

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16
Q

What is the significance of label term Scuro?

A

Dunkel, dark Lagrein in Alto Adige

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17
Q

What is the significance of label term Scelto?

A

‘select’ - ABV of >= 11.5%, Superiore >= 11%, Scelto Classico Superiore >= 12%

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18
Q

The legally permissible blending formulas of the “need to know” appellations

A
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19
Q

The sub-zones of “need to know” appellations

A
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20
Q

Where the “need to know” appellations are situated within Alto Adige’s winegrowing area

A
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21
Q

Any label term specific to an appellation or sub-zone and its definition

A
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22
Q

Which Italian region is a “country within a country?”

A

Alto Adige

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23
Q

The Tyrolean roots of Alto Adige date back to when?

A

12th century

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24
Q

What are the official languages in Alto Adige? In practice, the principal language?

A

Italian and German; principal is German in both speech and print

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25
Q

Who were the first to grow grapes in Alto Adige?

A

Rhaeti tribe (Alpine people of Etruscan origin)

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26
Q

What modern aspect of viniculture had the Rhaeti mastered before the Romans arrived?

A

use of wooden vessels

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27
Q

What was the transformative change from Dark Ages to Middle Ages for Alto Adige?

A

joint rule by Bishops in the 11th century CE

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28
Q

When was Alto Adige incorporated into County of Tyrol?

A

12th and 13th centuries CE

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29
Q

When was Alto Adige acquired by the House of Hapsberg?

A

14th century

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30
Q

When was Alto Adige ceded to the Kingdom of Italy?

A

1919, after WWI

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31
Q

What is Italy’s northernmost wine growing area?

A

Valle Isarco sub-zone in Alto Adige DOC

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32
Q

What are the borders of Alto Adige?

A

Austria, Switzerland, Lombardia, Trentino, Veneto

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33
Q

What is capital of Alto Adige?

A

Bolzano

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34
Q

What is topographic breakdown of Alto Adige?

A

mountainous

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35
Q

How much of Alto Adige is cultivable?

A

15%

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36
Q

The Dolomites are locate on which border of Alto Adige?

A

eastern [different from the Alps on northern border]

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37
Q

Where are the wine growing areas of Alto Adige?

A

3 valleys: Venosta, Adige, Isarco [Venosta and Isarco are arms of the Y]

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38
Q

What is the main crop of the valley floors in Alto Adige?

A

apples [compare to rice in Piemonte]

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39
Q

What is the main crop of the hillsides in Alto Adige?

A

grapes

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40
Q

What are the soils of the hillsides in Alto Adige?

A

poor, weathered and eroded gravel sands

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41
Q

What are the 5 main types of soils in Alto Adige?

A

volcanic porphyry, clay and sand; weathered schist, gneiss and slate; limestone and dolomite; sandy marl; sandy soils

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42
Q

What grape in Alto Adige is paired with warm, alluvial, gravelly-sandy soils?

A

Lagrein and Schiava

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43
Q

What grape in Alto Adige is paired with soils rich in lime?

A

Gewurztraminer, southern Bassa Atesina

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44
Q

What grape in Alto Adige is paired with gravelly terraced slope?

A

Sauvignon (Blanc) [gravelly > Graves in France, but not gravelly sandy > Sauvignon]

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45
Q

What grape in Alto Adige is paired with weathered rocky soils, composed of mica and quartz?

A

Sylvaner [weathered schist, gneiss and slate in Y valleys]

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46
Q

What is the climate in Alto Adige?

A

continental [not Alpine!]

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47
Q

What are the mitigating factors of the climate of Alto Adige?

A

1) Lake Garda and its Ora del Garda wind; 2) altitude; 3) mountain ranges on northern border protect from cold northerly winds

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48
Q

What is the climate in Bolzano?

A

in Alto Adige: one of the hottest places in Italy in the summer, heat trap, suitable for cultivation of red wines

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49
Q

What is the climate of Isarco valley?

A

in Alto Adige: cooler, ideal for white grapes

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50
Q

What is the climate of Venosta valley?

A

in Alto Adige: cooler, ideal for white grapes; driest area

51
Q

What is the gradient of rainfall in Alto Adige?

A

higher further south (away from rain shadow)

52
Q

Where is the driest place in Alto Adige?

A

Val Venosta

53
Q

What is predominant soil type in Bolzano?

A

volcanic porphyry

54
Q

What is predominant soil type in Bassa Atesina?

A

limestone and dolomite

55
Q

What is predominant soil type in Venosta Valley?

A

sandy, infertile soils

56
Q

What is predominant soil type in Isarco Valley?

A

weathered schist, gneiss and slate

57
Q

Where are the Dolomites located?

A

3 provinces: Bolzano and Trento provinces are entirely mountainous, but only 10% of the mountains are Dolomites. In contrast, two thirds of Belluno province the Veneto are covered by Dolomites.

58
Q

What is the red/white ratio of planted grapes in Alto Adige?

A

> 60% white, but historically was red until shift occurred in 19th century with international grapes

59
Q

What are the predominant white grapes in Alto Adige?

A

Pinot Grigio, Gewurtztraminer, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Bianco account for 70% of white grape production [international]

60
Q

What are the predominant red grapes in Alto Adige?

A

Schiava and Lagrein account for 60% of of red grape production

61
Q

What is the predominant planted grape in Alto Adige?

A

Schiava [red grape in a predominantly white grape region!]

62
Q

What is the genetic background of Schiava?

A

not a single variety, but a group of unrelated varieties

63
Q

What are the main varieties under the Schiava umbrella?

A

Grossa, Gentile and Grigia

64
Q

What is the most planted variety under the Schiava umbrella?

A

Grossa, but often a field blend in vineyard

65
Q

What is the genetic background of Lagrein?

A

offspring of Teroldego

66
Q

What are the viticultural characteristics of Lagrein?

A

prone to poor flowering, irregular yields, late-ripening

67
Q

What is the significance of anthocyanin in Alto Adige?

A

high levels found in Lagrein in Alto Adige

68
Q

Where does Pinot Nero thrive in Alto Adige?

A

Bassa Atesina district, east side of Adige River [West/geWurtz; East/Pinot nEro]

69
Q

What are the top 3 planted grapes in Alto Adige?

A

Schiava and Pinot Grigio, Gewurtztraminer

70
Q

Where is the traditional home of Gewurtztraminer in Alto Adige?

A

west side of Bassa Atesina around towns of Termeno and Cortaccia (just north of Cortina) [West/geWurtz; East/Pinot nEro]

71
Q

What is the role of Traminer in Alto Adige?

A

no longer grown in its origin form, but only as the aromatic color mutation Gewurtztraminer

72
Q

What are the members of the Savignin grape family?

A

there is no family to speak of, just one DNA variety with color and aromatic mutations [same applies to Pinot]

73
Q

When was Traminer first mentioned in Alto Adige?

A

first mentioned in 1242, but most likely refers to other varieties (perhaps Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains) grown in Termeno/Tramin

74
Q

Savagnin is native to where?

A

northeast France or southwest Germany; not introduced to Alto Adige until 19th century

75
Q

When was Pinot Blanco introduced into Alto Adige?

A

probably 1850’s

76
Q

Where are the finest examples of Pinot Blanc grown in Alto Adige?

A

Oltradige and Val d’Adige winegrowing districts [not Val d’Adige DOC]

77
Q

Where are the finest examples of Muller Thurgau grown in Alto Adige?

A

Isarco Valley and Venosta Valley

78
Q

Where are the finest examples of Sylvaner grown in Alto Adige?

A

Isarco Valley

79
Q

What is structure of Lagrein wine?

A

high in tannin and acidity

80
Q

What is structure of Schiava wine?

A

low in tannin and refreshing acidity

81
Q

What is the etymology of Schiava

A

from “female slave,” vines trained on poles and not freely trained in trees

82
Q

What is the “everyday” wine of Alto Adige?

A

Schiava

83
Q

How does Pergola Trentina in Alto Adige differ from that in Trentino?

A

smaller in size and lower to the ground in Alto Adige

84
Q

What is role of cooperatives in Alto Adige?

A

very large, almost 80%, similar to Trentino, but higher in number and lower in size (reflecting high quality in Alto Adige)

85
Q

What is the wine quality pyramid in Alto Adige?

A

“one of the highest” proportions of DOC wines

86
Q

What is significance of Val Venosta wine district?

A

newer wine sub-region in Alto Adige, former apple region, known for Muller Thurgau, Riesling and Pinot Bianco

87
Q

What is significance of Merano wine district?

A

around city of Merano in Alto Adige; Schiava grown

88
Q

What is significance of Isarco Valley?

A

northeast of Bolzano in Alto Adige; high [!], south facing vineyards with Sylvaner, Riesling, Muller Thurgau and Kerner

89
Q

What is significance of Val d’Adige wine district?

A

around town of Terlano in Alto Adige; Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Blanc grown here

90
Q

What is significance of Oltradige wine district?

A

heart of Alto Adige’s winegrowing area around Lago di Caldaro and town of Appiano; well known for Schiava

91
Q

What is significance of Bolzano wine district?

A

Alto Adige’s warmest wine district; focuses on red wines

92
Q

What is Valadige DOC?

A

the interregional DOC, Trentino/Alto Adige/Veneto

93
Q

What is the location of Bassa Atesina wine district?

A

Alto Adige’s southernmost wine district

94
Q

Name the appellations in Alto Adige.

A

Alto Adige DOC, Lago di Caldara DOC; Valdadige DOC

95
Q

Name the appellations located totally within Alto Adige?

A

none

96
Q

Name the appellations with the largest production in Alto Adige.

A

Alto Adige DOC

97
Q

What style of wine is most common in Alto Adige DOC?

A

still, varietally labeled (85%)

98
Q

What is aging requirement for Spumante Metodo Classico Alto Adige?

A

15 months on lees before disgorging

99
Q

What is significance of hamlet of Gries?

A

near Bozano, Lagrein from this area can add to label; also made in rosato

100
Q

What are the need to know sub-zones of Alto Adige DOC?

A

Terlano, Valle Isarco, Santa Maddalena

101
Q

What is significance of Terlano sub-zone?

A

Alto Adige sub-zone which is regional historic home of Sauvignon (Blanc)

102
Q

What is significance of Valle Isarco sub-zone?

A

Alto Adige sub-zone which is almost entirely focused on German whites

103
Q

What is significance of Santa Maddalena sub-zone?

A

Alto Adige sub-zone, north of Bolzano, which is the historic home of Schiava [but not largest producer, Lago di Caldero DOC]

104
Q

What is Italy’s most northern appellation?

A

Valle Isarco sub-zone of Alto Adige DOC

105
Q

What is the analog of Trento DOC in Alto Adige?

A

Spumante Classico Alto Adige DOC, blend of Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay a/o Pinot Nero

106
Q

What are genetics of Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Savagnin is parent; sibling to Chenin Blanc and Trousseau (red in Jura); Sauvignon Blanc is parent to Cabernet Sauvignon

107
Q

In what wine region is Lago di Caldaro DOC located?

A

shared between Alto Adige (mostly) and Trentino

108
Q

What is the focus of Lago di Caldaro DOC?

A

Schiava, largest producer, but not historic home [Santa Maddalena]

109
Q

What is Lago di Caldaro in German?

A

Kalterersee [double -er]

110
Q

What is Isarco Valley in German?

A

Eisacktal [sarc>sac]

111
Q

What is Val d’Adige in German?

A

Etschtal

112
Q

What is difference between Eisaktal and Etschtal?

A

Eisaktal - Isarco; Etschtal - Adige

113
Q

A blend from Terlano sub-zone contains what?

A

Alto Adige DOC sub-zone, white blend based on Chardonnay and Pinot Bianco (may have some Sauvignon Blanc)

114
Q

What is the soil of Val d’Adige wine district?

A

red porphyry

115
Q

How many days of sunshine in Alto Adige?

A

at least 300 days a year

116
Q

What preserves the acidity of grapes in Alto Adige?

A

significant diurnal swing

117
Q

Where is commercial market for Schiava from Alto Adige?

A

previously exported to German-speaking countries, now consumed locally

118
Q

What are the genetics of Kerner?

A

white, Riesling x Schiava cross

119
Q

Where is Kerner grown in Alto Adige?

A

Isarco Valley and Venosta Valley

120
Q

What is Conca di Bolzano?

A

geological basin in Alto Adige, acts as heat trap in the summer

121
Q

In what wine growing district is Lago di Caldero?

A

lower part of Oltradige wine growing district in Alto Adige

122
Q

What river runs through Venosta?

A

Adige River, left arm of Y

123
Q

Which Italian regions border two different countries

A

Piemonte, Valle d’Aosta, Alto Adige, Friuli

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