Frontier Flashcards
Frontier
Empty land awaiting settlement and civilization
Pueblos
Southeast native american farmers
Territorial Rings
Circles of local business people and ambitious politicians with access to federal money who wanted together to make a territoriall government profitable
Californious
The hispanic residents of california
Rancheros
a farmer or someone who works on a ranch mainly called this in New Mexico
Barrios
Mexcian American Communities
Coolies
Chinese indentured servants whose condition was close to slavery
Tongs
Chinese secret societies/gangs
Denis Kearney
Irish Immigrant who created the working men’s party of california
Chines Exclusion Act
Banned Chinese immigration into the US for 10 years and prevented Chinese already in the country from becoming ciitzens
Homestead Act
Permitted settlers to buy 160 acres of cheap land as long as they promised to live on it for 5 years and better the land
Sodbusters
farmers who plowed the land and cleared it of sod and used it for their homes
Comstock Lode
Discovered in 1858 by Henry Comstock, was full of silver
Black Hills
Located in Southeast Dakota territory, a lot of gold was found here
Boomtowns
Mining in a specific area caused towns near it to blow up with business because of the rush there
Vigilantes
Unofficial law enforcers for small towns/boomtowns
“Cattle Kingdom”
Western area was perfect for cattle ranching because it was a public domain and everyone could graze herds with unrestricted boundaries
Chisholm Trail
Runs from Texas to Kansas
Range Wars
Wars between sheepmen and cattlemen, between ranchers and farmers, erupted out of tension between groups. A lot of loss of life and property
Rocky Mountain School
Most notable artists are Thomas Moran and Albert Bienstadt. Refers to a group of painters that specialized in painting the great plains, rocky mountains, sierra nevada, and rockies, and cascade range, and other landscapes of teh west.
Frederick Jackson Turner
A historian from the university of wisconsin who stimulated ideas of individualism, nationalism, and democracy through his ideas in “The Significance of the Frontier in American History”
Bureau of Indian Affairs
The white management of Indian matters
Sand Creek Massacre
a massacre led by JM Chivington that killed 133 people
Red Cloud
A chief who helped stop the american troops from building roads on the Bozeman Trail
Indian Hunting
A tracking down and hunting of Native Americans for sport by americans
Crazy Horse
One of the Native American leaders int he battle of little bighorn
Sitting Bull
The second Indian leader in the battle of little bighorn
George Custer
Colonel of the seventh cavalry and glory seeker, fought at battle of little bighord
Battle of Little Bighorn
A battle in the Montana where Native American warriors surrounded custard and his men, killing 264 members
Chief Joseph
Leaders of the drunk native americans who killed 4 white settlers
Mangas Colorados
a fierce leader of the chiricachua apaches, was murdered after surrendering
Geronimo
successor to mangas colorados, fought against the americans for decades
Ghost Dance
a dance that supposedly invoked visions and was believed by many to be genuinely mystic
Wounded Knee
when the seventh cavalry surrounded and killed starving sioux
Dawes Severalty Act
Congress abolished the practice by which tribes owned reservation lands communally
Assimilation
the act of westernizing indians
Hamlin Garland
Wrote about the problems of farmers out west in his novel “Jason Edwards”
Buffalo Bill
Head of a wild west show that was popular all over US
Helen Hunt Jackson
Wrote “A Century of Dishonor” which led to the passage of the Dawes Act
