From classical To hellenistic Greece

Question 1

3 types of structures came from this period what where they?

Answer 1

Agora- open space with Columns around
Gym
Theatre

Question 2

While Greek culture spreads, Egyptians, Jews and Mesopotamian kept what?

Answer 2

Religious beliefs

Question 3

Socrates

Answer 3

Taught orally only!

Plato wrote down his words

Question 4

Plato

Answer 4

Created institution for study 380’s BCE outside Athens (academy)
Believed universe as the shadows of the true world of forms

Math good!

Question 5

Ideal realm

Answer 5

Humans ethically required to pursue truth

Question 6

Aristotle

Answer 6

Moved to Athens to study under plato
Favoured empirical study (evidence) while plato liked debate
Didn’t agree with separate world theory
Founded school in the Lyceum (public place outside Athens)

Question 7

Politics by Aristotle fell into what categories

Answer 7

3 good: democracy, aristocracy, and monarchy

3 bad: ochlocracy (mob), oligarchy (small group), tyranny (cruel)

Question 8

After city states shifted power back and forth alliances formed with Athens for what purpose in 390’s?

Answer 8

Alliance of Athens, Corinth, Argos, Boeotia to defeat Sparta, but we’re defeated.

Sparta dominant!

Question 9

Where is Macedonia located

Answer 9

North of Greece

Question 10

Why was Macedonia so great

Answer 10

Resources!!

Mineral wealth

Superior warrior nation

Greek language and god’s

Question 11

Phillip the second military tactic

Answer 11

Infantry fought in phalanx formation (men in rows with long spears) then Calvary behind.

Question 12

Phillip the second defeated who?

Answer 12

Athens and Thebes in 338

Question 13

Who was Alexander the Great

Answer 13

Son of Phillip the second
Ruled for 12 years
Established 20 Greek cities called Alexandria
Ruled Mediterranean and Western Asia

Question 14

What wars did Alexander fight

Answer 14

Battled Persia (king Darius 3 makes peace but is rejected) at Grancius, Issus (peace attempt) and Guagameta

Conquered Babylon and Susa and Persian capital Persepolis and took $1 trillion

Question 15

In 323 Alexander dies of

Answer 15

Disease

Question 16

Who did Alexander Marry

Answer 16

Darius’ daughter Barsine in Susa and Roxanna

Question 17

Hellenistic meaning

Answer 17

Time in which Greek language and culture spread

Question 18

After Alexander’s death what 3 states succeeded and who were their rulers viewed as?

Answer 18

Ptolemies (Egypt-Palestine) -Pharaohs
Seleucids (turkey, Mesopotamia, Afghan, India)- Gods
Antigonids (Macedonia, Greece) -Monarchy

Question 19

All the new states were ruled by

Answer 19

Monarchies and hierarchies

Question 20

What other 2 lesser known states were there

Answer 20

Attalids (until 133 BCE, it was given to Rome)

Pergamum

Question 21

The ptolemies felt with subjects in what two languages

Answer 21

Greek and Egyptian

Rosetta Stone 196 BCE

Question 22

Which state inherited largest portion and employed natives in the army and encouraged intermarriage?

Answer 22

seleucids

Question 23

Which state had strongest army?

Answer 23

Antigonids

Question 24

5e new Greek cities modled what and how?

Answer 24

Greek architecture and culture (temples and columns)

-one agora for trade and one for public assembly

Question 25

What was the idea behind benefactors and soft power

Answer 25

People who did good to improve cities for recognition One should not crush another’s culture Allowed Hellenistic rulers to hold their power

Question 26

Lives of slaves

Answer 26

We’re property and registered | Helped economy and at times given freedom

Question 27

Women’s role in Hellenistic society

Answer 27

More freedom than before due to Macedonian laws. Some became poets, artists, etc. Queens had property for making shrines and gave dowry money to poor women

Question 28

Library of Alexandria

Answer 28

Built by ptolemies Tried to assemble all Greek literature They got 700 000 scrolls

Question 29

Ptolemic festival

Answer 29

Every 4 years to honour Olympic Gods | Large parade with huge statues

Question 30

How was education viewed in Hellenistic Greece?

Answer 30

Very important, homers Iliad became a household name

Question 31

Epicurus

Answer 31

A philosopher who founded school in Athens called the garden. Believed entire universe consisted of matter in motion and seemed pleasure and happiness

Question 32

Stoics

Answer 32

Saw universe as animated by divine spirit | Less emotional, more restrained

Question 33

What happens to Egyptian Gods?

Answer 33

Ptolemies took over And changed Egyptian Gods to Greek one’s. They did not take their religion away

Question 34

Which two city states fought the most?

Answer 34

Seleucids and ptolemies

Question 35

Where was the Center of Jewish life

Answer 35

Jerusalem Temple rebuilt

Question 36

Who was Ezra

Answer 36

A scribe sent to Jerusalem by Persia in 5 century BCE to collect and organize laws of his people. He then read them out to them. He complied the first 5 books (Pentateuch)

Question 37

Septuagint

Answer 37

Greek translation of 5 books in 3rd century BCE. Done by 72 scribes un 72 days

Question 38

Seleucids wanted what sight he Palestine’s? Who resisted

Answer 38

Reform and co-living Maccabees resisted cultural mingling (as seen in Daniel)

Question 39

Maccabees

Answer 39

Group of Jewish rebels who resisted the Seleucids and rose up against ruler.(160’s BCE) Defeated Seleucid armies, cleansed temple and reestablished worship. Founded Hasmonean Dynasty to rule Judea.

Question 40

Martyrdom

Answer 40

The maccabee belief in sanctity in dying for divine person would gain them eternity automatically.