The High Middle Ages

Question 1

What were Pope innocent lll’s ideas of mankind

Answer 1

Believed man was formed of dust, conceived in the desire of the flesh, born to labour, to fear, and die

Question 2

The 4th Lateran Council (1215)

Answer 2

• Church did not shed blood (no more trial by ordeal)
• separate canon law from secular law
• clerical celibacy declared
• Confession and Eucharist mandatory
• Crusades were Holy wars

Question 3

Salvation through sacraments

Answer 3

-original sin( Adam and Eve)
Sacraments can’t be broken 
1. Baptism
2. Confirmation
3. Eucharist
4. Penance 
5. Extreme unction (anointing sick)
6. Ordination
7. Marriage

Question 4

Dante Alighieri

Answer 4

Wrote the divine comedy which takes place on a voyage through Hell, purgatory and paradise and stops at Limbo

Question 5

Geoffrey Chaucer

Answer 5

The Canterbury Tales

The wife of Bath proclaims that if women could write books men would get a terrible rep

Question 6

Specialization moved from wool to…

Answer 6

Cloth

Question 7

The new economy (urban)

Answer 7

Banks (Banco) with interest (simony). Often bank owners were Jews because Christians couldn’t charge interest and Jews were restricted in other careers.

Question 8

Sumptuary Laws

Answer 8

Laws to legislate the consumption of foods and clothing to maintain social rank. Helped protect Patricians from richer Patricians.

-food, clothing, #of coats, #of people In wedding party

Question 9

French, English and Spanish politics

Answer 9

France- Royal Justice And Parlement (High Judicial Court)
England- Magna Carta (1215) compromise between king and nobles. And parliaments (assemblies)
Spain- Las Siete Partidas (own Magna Carta) (Alfonso x and Cortes(courts))

Question 10

Heresy

Answer 10

Opinions contrary to Church doctrine

Question 11

Two enemies of the church

Answer 11

Waldenisans- followers of Walden’s in France who believed in poverty, no purgatory, no prayers for dead, women and men can preach.
Cathars- Albigensians from Albi in France who believed in poverty, purity, anti-marriage and procreation.(mass massacre)

Question 12

Avignon Papacy

Answer 12

(Babylonian captivity)

Pope not in Rome, but in Avignon, due to current political conditions

Question 13

Hundred Years’ War

Answer 13

1330-1453 France And England fight over land the Normans had conquered

Question 14

Famine

Answer 14

Droughts, poor harvests, extremes in seasonal weather

Question 15

Plague

Answer 15

The Black Death (1347)

Rodents on fleas from trade
Painful swellings, haemorrhages, 50% pop died in certain regions

Question 16

Magna Carta

Answer 16

Signed in 1215 is a charter from the king to uphold traditional liberties of church and city of London, and maintain justice throughout realm, no one deprived of real property.

Question 17

Ordeals

Answer 17

A practice to put two people through harsh conditions such as hand in boiling water or carrying hot iron rods to determine the guilty party.

Question 18

Thomas Aquinas

Answer 18

Italian Dominican who studied and taught theology in Paris

-assumed negative and then disproved it to build formal argument against heretics with coherent doctrine

Question 19

Mongols

Answer 19

Nomadic horsemen from Asia who damaged Christian kingdoms