Freud and history of patient therapy

Question 1

What was Freud’s psychodynamic theory?

Answer 1

Convinced mental illness was psychological and should be treated. Said early human traumas could have affected personality in adult life

Question 2

Which 7 components did Freud’s theory of mental life consist of?

Answer 2

Psychological development, personality, mental illness and cure, everyday life, sociology, anthropology, cultural history

Question 3

From a psychodynamic perspective, it is said that this mind is filled with what?

Answer 3

Filled with unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings and memories

Question 4

Define free association

Answer 4

Provides access to unconscious mind, thoughts are connected to what is troubling you

Question 5

Which 3 methods of hypnotherapy were there?

Answer 5

Mesmer - mesmerism, Charcot - hypnosis, Breuer - reduce severity of symptoms

Question 6

Name the 3 drives

Answer 6

Eros, libido and thonatos

Question 7

Explain eros

Answer 7

Life instinct and drive for love and life. Sexual, life-giving and creative, guided by libido

Question 8

What does libido refer to?

Answer 8

Pleasure principle. Psychic energy that drives individuals to experience sensual pleasure, work, play and leisure activities

Question 9

Explain thonatos

Answer 9

Death drive, drive towards aggressive and destructive behaviour

Question 10

What does preconscious mean?

Answer 10

Info not in conscious, but can be retrieved when needed

Question 11

Describe the Id

Answer 11

Primitive, unconscious housing basic drives & repressed memories

Question 12

Explain the superego

Answer 12

Morals, attitudes, conscience

Question 13

Describe the ego

Answer 13

Conscious, rational part which keeps peace between superego and Id

Question 14

Explain the pleasure principle

Answer 14

Psychosexual stages, Id’s pleasure seeking focuses on erogenous zones. too much or too little gratification can cause problems

Question 15

List the psychosexual stages in order (5)

Answer 15

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Question 16

Define the oral stage

Answer 16

0-2yrs. Focus on mouth, fixation causes smoking, biting fingernails.

Question 17

Explain anal stage

Answer 17

2-3yrs, focus on anus. Fixation causes anally retentive or expulsive.

Question 18

Describe the phallic stage

Answer 18

3-7yrs. Focus on genitals, exploration and interest Oedipus/Electra complex

Question 19

What is the latency stage about?

Answer 19

7-11yrs, sexual stage is dormant, play with same sex peers until puberty begins

Question 20

Describe genital stage

Answer 20

11 - adult, focus on genitals, attracted to opposite sex

Question 21

Karen Horney said what about personality?

Answer 21

Felt aggression + sex were not primary constituents for personality, believed in social aspects. Humanistic and feminist.

Question 22

Describe Carl Jung’s views

Answer 22

Founded analytical psych, developed concepts of extraverted/introverted personality. Disagreed with Freud

Question 23

Name the 7 archetypes

Answer 23

Wise old man, goddess, shadow, hero, animus, anima, persona

Question 24

List the 8 defence mechanisms

Answer 24

Repression, regression, displacement, projection, sublimation, reaction formation, rationalisation, denial

Question 25

Define repression and regression

Answer 25

Repression - force painful thoughts into back of mind. Regression - act like a child to avoid adult issues

Question 26

Describe displacement and projection

Answer 26

Displacement - divert impulses to more acceptable person/object. Projection - threatening impulses/attributing them to others

Question 27

What is sublimation and reaction formation?

Answer 27

Sublimation - expend energy on prosocial activities. Reaction formation - make unacceptable impulses into opposite, acceptable form

Question 28

Define both rationalisation and denial

Answer 28

Rationalism - try to make logical explanations of behaviour to justify it. Denial - refuse to perceive reality to protect ourselves from it

Question 29

Describe self-actualisation

Answer 29

People stop at lower needs, noticing what exists inside them as potential

Question 30

Name Maslow’s 3 types of needs

Answer 30

Basic needs, needs to know/understand, aesthetic needs

Question 31

Name the physiological needs

Answer 31

Food, water, air

Question 32

What are the safety needs?

Answer 32

Safety, order, security

Question 33

Belongingness/love needs are what?

Answer 33

Affiliations, friends and support

Question 34

Describe the actualising tendency

Answer 34

Move with ordered complexity towards our goals.

Question 35

To be a fully functioning person, you must be…

Answer 35

Open to experiences, live in the present, trust feelings and instincts, less concern with social conventions

Question 36

List the conditions in Pearson-centred therapy

Answer 36

Empathy, congruence/genuineness, unconditional positive regard