Freud Flashcards

Question

what does freud believe about the Psycho-‘sexual’ stages

Answer 1

**different areas of the body are important at diff stages** — we’re born with a ball of energy that's relevant at different stages e.g oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital these are erogenous zones; primary sites of energy and instinct satisfication or frustration, leading to pleasure or pain E.G - pain - anxiety - frustration

Answer 2

initially ‘all id’ **erongenous zone = mouth** - sucking - feeling - tasting - biting mother as original ‘love object’ —— *love object is the thing child likes OR gets love/comfort from* **key ‘task’ = weaning** **key lesson in this stage = trust in self and world** ***have no experience of time and experience ‘time’ through food*** , eg gaps in between feeding + can't separate self from mother

Answer 3

erongenous stage = anus - passing OR withholding [and playing with] poo parents as key sources of pleasure or pain in response to the infants actions **key task = toilet training** — learns compromise between what ***I*** want and whats socially appropriate **key lesson = control** - anally retentive - anally expulsive

Answer 4

erogenous zone = genitals - physical and intellectual stimulation the original ‘love triangle’ **key task = resolution of the Oedipus complex** — castration anxiety !! **key lessons = sexual and gender orientation** kid eventually recognises DAD as an ally [men together] and finds a mum ‘replacement’

Answer 5

repressed libidinal energy no special erogenous zones **key task = social interaction outside fam** - what helps us function within society

Answer 6

erogenous zone = genitals - now genuinely sexualised key task = establishing family **key lesson = identity**

Answer 7

**personality and behaviour are the result of interplay between the *expression* and *inhibition* of instincts** - instincts are universal, but forms of instant expression and inhibition ***vary developmentally, situationally, and culturally*** we all have desire to have pleasure and avoid pain BUT were all raised differently - despite sharing these aims we may not act all the same, so culture differences, age difference

Answer 8

As a person moves through the psychosocial stages, social (usually parental) rewards and punishments for particular forms of instinct expression change - If social treatment is experienced as too harsh (anxiety-evoking) or too comfortable, ‘habitual’ forms of instinct expression can get locked in an immature stage fixation/arrested development) or returned to (regression)

Answer 9

- the ID is what it is [human nature and ind. differences] - the superego can be *harsh* [perfectionist and unforgiving] **or** *compassionately liberal and autonomy-supportive* - the ego can be **quashed** or ***supported*** in growth ultimately its down to the ego

Answer 10

When well-adjusted, the ego can satisfy the needs of the id, thesuperego, and reality. (Resilient Personality)

Answer 11

id is too strong, wanton self-gratification rules. (Under-controlled)

Answer 12

If the superego is too strong, the person is rigidly judgemental.(Over-controlled)

Answer 13

1. Oral incorporative [over-indulged] 2. Oral Aggressive [under-indulged]

Answer 14

1. Optimistic 2. Gullible 3. ‘Swallow anything’ 4. ‘Sweet’

Answer 15

1. Pessimistic 2. Suspicious 3. ‘Biting Remarks’ 4. ‘Bitter’

Answer 16

Co-occurring traits relating to: 1. orderliness 2. Obstinacy 3. Parsimony/miserliness

Answer 17

ppl who are anal rententives are ‘**rigid**’ [’tight’ and ‘clenched’] and ‘**over-controlled**’ - they ***tend to be stingy, punctilious, meticulous, prissy, ‘up-tight’, perfectionist, inflexible, risk-averse, and rule-loving***

Answer 18

**They are:** - sadistic - under-controlled **They tend towards:** - expansiveness - messiness - vagueness - dismissiveness - carelessness - disorganization - rebelliousness - [maybe even] cruelty

Answer 19

**trying to satisfy own sensory needs in a way may inhibit/offend other people** - one person’s instinct expression can trigger others anxieties - ppl therefore attempt to control others’ instinct expressions, thereby causing trauma - society codifies such processes

Answer 20

- Much **motivation and self-regulation occurs outside conscious awareness**. Much may not be subjectively accessible even with efforts - Psychological processes occur in parallel, not in series. Parallel processes can conflict - Repeated or prolonged social interaction entails frustration and anxiety. Social regulation at best manages this - Many traits are formed in infancy —— **Freud essentially claims we’re molded as a person 12 and under**, so events after are almost of a minor significance

Answer 21

**methodologically suspect derivation** - Freud dominated - small, biased sample analysed subjectively/with bias **Hard to test, perhaps unfalsifiable** - lack of definitional clarity - explain everything, predict nothing

Answer 22

**Comprehensive** - cognitive, motivational, affective, behaviour, etc - individual [personality, developmental], intraindividual [biological, cognitive], and social [interpersonal and societal **Parsimonious** - essentially stemming from Eros [necessarily in society] **Enduring and generative - despite hostility**