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socials > French Revolution Defs and People > Flashcards

French Revolution Defs and People Flashcards

1
Q

Guillotine

A

A device use for beheading a person by means of a sharp heavy blade that is dropped

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2
Q

Tennis court oath

A

The third estate vowed to meet continuously until the government changed

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3
Q

San culottes

A

From big cities in the lower class. They wanted the prices to be lowered and to have bread supplied for the poor

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4
Q

Great fear

A

Peasants stormed and burned the chateaux of the aristocrats killing hundreds of people

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5
Q

Fall of bastilles

A

Riots and mobs broke out. They attacked prisons and freed political prisoners. They eventually attacked the royal prison and the guards sided with them

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6
Q

Palace of Versailles

A

Extravagant palace that Louis XVI built with the money from taxes

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7
Q

Citizen Louis Capet

A

The name that King Louis was called by after the declaration. Since there was no more King he was an official citizen. (Capet was his last name)

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8
Q

Declaration of the right of man and the citizen

A

Passed by the National Assembly. Document saying that there were laws that the government couldn’t overlook. Gaurenteed freedom of thought speech religion security and property

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9
Q

Marat Danton and Robespierre

A

Radicals who lead the revolution. They would eventually take control of the National Assembly. Marat was muedered by Charlotte Corday, and the others were executed.

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10
Q

Estates general/three estates

A

Parliament that met only when there was a royal command. 1st was clergy 2nd was aristocrats 3rd was middle class. Louis called them because he needed financial help

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11
Q

Girondists

A

Originally jacobins, to conservative so became their own club.

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12
Q

Jacobins

A

A club. They were radicals and were responsible for the reign of terror.

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13
Q

Reign of terror

A

Government passed laws made to execute anyone who disagreed with the Jacobins. The majority of the Girondists died over 37,000 people were guillotined.

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14
Q

Directory

A

Took over after Robespierre died. Controlled by the middle class. So many ideas and concepts the Poor had were soon swept away. The directory soon ended and Napoleon Bonaparte took over

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15
Q

Philosophers

A

People who talked about society and spread new ideas

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16
Q

French society pyramid top to bottom

A

King
Aristocrats
Bourgeoisie
Peasants and workers

17
Q

Bourgeoisie

A 
Middle class
Important to economy for investing in new businesses
18
Q

Louis XIV

A

Known as Sun King
Believed he was the source of all light in the nation
Built the palace of Versailles
Promoted his interests and expanded French territory by taking part in many wars
Majorly unsuccessful
Died in 1715

19
Q

Peasants

A

Very poor
Couldn’t read or write, lack of education
Worked hard without much in return

20
Q

Louis XVI

A

Not prepared to be king
Left many big decisions up to others
Did little for middle and lower classes
Didn’t have support from the bourgeoisie

20
Q

Marie Antoinette

A

Married Louis XVI in 1770
Was disliked because she was from the Austrian family
Offended many with her manners
Spent fortunes on herself while others starved
Strong opinions but no experience to back them up
Execute people just because she didn’t like them

20
Q

Philosophes

A

Disliked absolute monarchies and liked democracy

20
Q

Jean jaques Rousseau

A

Thought society needed a contract that everyone had to follow
Many ideas are still used now

20
Q

Voltaire

A

Most famous of 3
Believed in an absolute monarchy
Against the church and for freedom of thought
Fled country multiple times to escape prison

20
Q

Montesquieu

A

Believed rulers should work with elected parliament

Many disagreed with humans in sharing powers with others

21
Q

Estates general names

A

1st estate clergy
2nd estate aristocrats
3rd estate middle class/bourgeoisie

22
Q

Why did Louis XVI call estates general to meet in Versailles?

A

France was bankrupt

Desperate need of money and power

23
Q

National Assembly

A 
Third estate breaks with other 2
Led by count Mirabeau 
Goal was a new French constitution
Takes tennis court oath
Louis XVI orders other 2 estates to join
24
Q

Tennis court oath

A

Delegates go to royal tennis courts
Pledge to continue meeting until a new government was established
Forced Louis XVI to back down and order first two estates to join National Assembly

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