fracture symposium

Question 1

dislocation

Answer 1

complete loss contact between 2 joint surfaces

complete joint disruption

Question 2

subluxation

Answer 2

partial loss of contact

partial dislocation - not fully out joint

Question 3

ant shoulder dislocation signs

Answer 3

external rotation

slightly abducted

Question 4

pos shoudler dislocation

Answer 4

electrocution, grand mal seizure, hypoglycaemic fit

joint internally rotated
no external rotation - active or passive

Question 5

elbow dislocation

Answer 5

ulnar, radial and medial nerves may be damaged

olecranon prominent posteriorly

Question 6

knee dislocation

Answer 6

often direct injury to extended knee
posterior more often

very unstable

Question 7

ankle dislocation

Answer 7

prominent medial malleolus, externally rotated

Question 8

open fracture

Answer 8

direct communication between external environment and fracture

Question 9

open fracture: tetanus and antib prophylaxis

Answer 9

cefuroxamine
augmentin
clinamycin
gentamicin

Question 10

why are open fractures important

Answer 10

higher energy injury
higher infection rate
soft tissue complications

Question 11

open fracture: indications for emergency urgent surgery (6h)

Answer 11

gross contamination 
polytraumatised patient
marine or farmyard environment
neurovascular compromise 
compartment syndrome

Question 12

open fracture: surgical debridement and fixation

Answer 12

take away dead tissue
4Cs
-colour
-contraction 
-consistency 
-capacity to bleed

Question 13

open fracture: amputation

Answer 13

dual consultant decision

insenate limb/foot
irretrievable dead tissue or bony damage
other life threatening injuries

Question 14

posterior hip dislocation

Answer 14

most common

flexed, internally rotated, adducted

Question 15

anterior hip dislocation

Answer 15

externally rotated, abducted