Foundations Of Cognitive Psychology

Question 0

Wundt

Answer 0

1879
Original psychologist one of and investigated consciousness
First to think about use of a lab, good design, use of reaction times, used introspection

Question 1

What is cognitive

Answer 1

Short answer is - it is scientific method to study the mind

Long answer - cognitive investigation scientifically the human process of concepts, thinking, language, perception, emotion, memory and consciousness

Question 2

Eddinghaus

Answer 2

Germany 1879
Started to investigate memory and perception
Understood the need for IVs and DV 
Control of confounding variables
Credited for discovering visual illusion

Question 3

James

Answer 3

Another of the originals
1879
USA
Observed human behaviour
Found that thinking over again of a memory improves the memory
Ones self as agent

Question 4

Watson

Answer 4

1930
Behaviourism
Looked at behaviour within the real world
How ppl r influenced
Believed psychology should be objective
Scientific
Stimuli = response

Question 5

Lashley

Answer 5

1948
Looked at problems with behaviourism such as the work of Watson
Stressed the importance of higher mental properties, planning and problem solving
Stressed the complexity of language.

Question 6

Chomsky

Answer 6

1959
Argued that language cannot b thought of as just a learned process like behaviourism suggest, used children to stress this did an experiment ungrammatical language should hi der the children but it did not.

Question 7

Tolman

Answer 7

1948
Rats in a maze
Tolman showed that if changed the maze rats knew where the food was they had made a cog map a mental construction suggesting it is mental construction

Question 8

Fowler

Answer 8

Phrenology

Different areas of the brain - different personality

Question 9

Gall

Answer 9

1860
Suggested language is at the front of the brain
The ideas of different areas of the brain is still accepted today

Question 10

Broco

Answer 10

Post mortem
Severa aphasia
Damage to the cerebral cortex
Phrenology

Question 11

Wernicke

Answer 11

Similar to broca
Phrenology
Developmental model of language due to studies on aphasia patients

Question 12

Ward

Answer 12

2010
Classical neuropsychology
Brain damage tell us about the function of the brain
HM severe epilepsy - op - memory problems

Question 13

Craik

Answer 13

1943
Computers and the mind
Mental models of the world
These models represent behaviour
This idea influenced the development of cog development

Question 14

Turing

Answer 14

1936
Turing model
Showed reasoning ‘human mind process’ could be implemented digital
So computer could be used as a way to understand the human mind
The one where the people and the computer are in boxes hiding which one is the computer if the computer can trick you the computer can think

Question 15

McCarthy

Answer 15

1956
Coined the phrase
AI

Question 16

Marr

Answer 16

1970
Looked at computer models more
Looked at inputs and outputs
2D - 3D images as humans
What processes are needed to give an input and produce an output

Question 17

What does cog do

Answer 17

Look at scientific theory
Theory hypothesis
Make a model
It produces predictions to be tested
Speculate on the unobservable
Scanning such as fMRI is a step towards the unobservable