Foundations in Immunology

Question 1

The bodies first line of defence is provided by what type of immune system?

Answer 1

Innate

Question 2

Give roles of the innate immune system

Answer 2

Physical barriers (tight junctions between epithelia and mucous membranes)

Phagocytic cells (macrophages and neutrophils)

Soluble factors

Question 3

State 3 primary lymphoid organs

Answer 3

Bone marrow

Foetal liver

Thymus gland

(in these organs, lymphocytes are generated)

Question 4

State 2 secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 4

Lymph nodes

Spleen

(these are where immune responses are initiated and lymphocytes are maintained)

Question 5

What do mature immune cells do in secondary lymphoid tissues?

Answer 5

They interact with pathogens and initiate a response

Question 6

State the fundamental properties of adaptive immune response.

Answer 6

Memory

Specificity

Recruitment of other defence mechanisms

Diversity

Question 7

Descibe the role of B lymphocytes in immunity. (4)

Answer 7

B cells differentiate into plasma.
These cells synthesise antibodies specifically designed for use against the detected pathogen.
The pathogen is recognised first by membrane bound antibody.
The antibodies produced by plasma cells are soluble in plasma