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Certified Sommelier > Fortified Wine > Flashcards

Fortified Wine Flashcards

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1
Q

When was sherry awarded its DO designation?

A

1933

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2
Q

What is the best soil type in sherry?

A

Albariza - Limestone mixed with fossils

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3
Q

What are the main grapes used for Sherry?

A

Polomino Fino
Pedro Ximenez
Moscatel Bianco (Alexandria)

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4
Q

Name two producers of note for Sherry?

A

Emilio Lustau
Valdespino

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5
Q

What are the individual levels of a Solera Called?

A

Criadera (The first Criadera starts 1 level up from the bottom)

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6
Q

What is the sobretable?

A

the first 6 months to a year the base wine for sherry is aged in barrels to develop some complexity.

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7
Q

How many Liters are in a Bota?

A

600L 160g

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8
Q

What is the saca in sherry?

A

The wine to be drawn off and bottled from the bottom barrels in the solera.

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9
Q

What row in a Solera system is the bottom or floor row called.

A

The Solera row

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10
Q

By law what is the maximum amount of sherry that can be drawn off yearly from a Solera?

A

40%

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11
Q

What are the 7 styles of Sherry.

A

Manzanilla, Fino, Amontillado
Palo Cortado, Oloroso
Cream, Pedro Ximenez

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12
Q

What are En Rama Sherries?

A

Sherry that undergo only the most minimal filtration. More intense in color and flavor.

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13
Q

What is VOS Sherry?

A

Vinum Optimum Signatum (Very Old Sherry) the wine must be on average 20 years old to carry this designation.

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14
Q

What is VORS Sherry?

A

Vinum Optimum Rarus Signatum (Very Old Rare Sherry) Wine must be on average 30 years old.

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15
Q

What are the main soils in the Douro?

A

Schist and Granite

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16
Q

What mountain range protects the Douro from Portugals Western weather?

A

The Serra do Merao

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17
Q

What are the two cites at the mouth of the Douro River?

A

Oporto and Vila Nova de Gaia

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18
Q

What are the main red grapes of Port?

A

Touriga Nacional
Touriga Franca
Sousao
Tinta Barroca
Tinta Cao
Tinta Roriz

19
Q

What grapes are used to make White Port?

A

Codega
Gouveio
Malvasia Fina
Rabigato
Viosinho

20
Q

What are the 3 sub zones of the Douro from west to east?

A

Biaxo Corgo, Cima Corgo, Douro Superior.

21
Q

What is the main tributary of the Douro?

A

The Corgo River

22
Q

Name two top Port Shippers?

A

Croft, Niepoort

23
Q

What are Lagares?

A

Shallow stone or cement troughs about 2 feet deep.

24
Q

What is a perfect pairing for Port?

A

Stilton/Gorgonzola and Chocolate.

25
Q

What are the 5 most important styles of Port?

A

Tawny Port
Reserve Port
LBV - Late bottle Vintage
Vintage Port
Single Quinta Vintage Port

26
Q

What is tawny port?

A

Blends of ports from different years, They are labeled as either 30, 40, or 50 years old this is the average of all the wines in the blend.

27
Q

How long does Tawny port spend in barrels on average?

A

10 years

28
Q

How long does Vintage port spend in Barrel?

A

2 years

29
Q

What are the 3 speciality styles of port?

A

Colheita Port
Crusted Port
Garrafeira Port

30
Q

What is a Colheita Port?

A

A tawny port from a single vintage.

31
Q

What is a crusted port?

A

Port made from the mixed leftover dregs of barrels of vintage port and then aged. Average age is 3-4 years bottled unfiltered.

32
Q

What is Garrafeira port?

A

A single exceptional vintage aged briefly in wood then aged 20-40 years in glass Bonbonnes.

33
Q

What is reserve port?

A

Ports made from good but not great wines aged 4-6 years in barrel.

34
Q

What is LBV Port?

A

Ports made from very good but not Great vineyards, come from 1 year and are aged 4-6 years in barrel.

35
Q

What is vintage port?

A

Grapes all from one vintage, only from the top vineyards. Must be a declared vintage by the shippers.Typically aged for it least a decade in bottle 2 decades is also common.

36
Q

Name 3 vintage Ports?

A

Croft 2007
Niepoort 1983
2017 - best vintage

37
Q

What is the Leste?

A

An intensely hot wind that blows from the Sahara that threatens the vines of Madeira?

38
Q

What is estufagem?

A

The process of heating Madeira during Maderization.

39
Q

What are the 3 methods of estufagem?

A

Cuba de calor - inexpensive Madeira. Base wine is heated in tanks for it least 3 months max 122 degrees.

Armazem de calor - Storing the wine in large casks in rooms that can be heated like saunas for up to 6 months.

Canteiro - The finest Madeiras are made by putting the wine filled casks in large warehouses that sit under the hot sun, casks are not filled fully or topped up. they may age this way for 20 or more years.

40
Q

What are the 5 noble white grapes of Madeira?

A

Sercial, Verdelho, Terrantez, Bual, Malmsey

41
Q

What are the sweetness levels of Madeira?

A

Sercial - Extra dry - dry 35-65g/L
Verdelho - Medium dry 52-80g/L
Bual - Medium Sweet 80-98g/L
Terrantez - Medium dry or Medium sweet 52-98g/L
Malmsey - More than 98g/L

42
Q

What is another grape used for making most basic Madeira?

A

Tinta Negra Mole

43
Q

What are the quality levels of Madeira from least to greatest?

A

3 year (Tinta Negra Mole)
5 year Reserve (must be noble grapes)
10year Special Reserve
15year Exrta Reserve
Solera -Single Vintage, must use Canteiro heating process. Minimum 5 years in Solera.
Colheita -Grapes grown in a single year, bottled after 5 years aging.
Vintage (Frasqueira) -Single outstanding year, must be aged minimum 20 years after heating. Then minimum 2 in bottle.

44
Q

What is Passerillage.

A

The exposure of cut bunches of grapes to the sun in order to concentrate sugars. Like PX

Certified Sommelier (32 decks)

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