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Master Sommelier 2025 > Fortified > Flashcards

Fortified Flashcards

1
Q

Term for a wine that is created by adding spirit to grape must before fermentation?

A

Mistelle

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2
Q

Name 3 Vin de Liqueur of France

A

Macvin de Jura

Floc de Gascogne

Pineau de Charentes

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3
Q

What is the regulating body of port?

A

Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto (IVDP)

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4
Q

What is the law of thirds and what region does it apply to?

A

Port

A house may only release one third of its total inventory

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5
Q

What is the Beneficio Authorization?

A

System by which Port vineyards are graded grades A through I. the better the grade the more may be made from said vineyard.

Grades g and lower may not produce

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6
Q

Name 2 Red grapes of Port

A

Touriga Nacional

Touriga Franca

Tinta Roriz

Tinta Cao

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7
Q

Name 2 white Port grapes

A

Gouveio

Malvasia Fina

Viosinho

Rabigato

Esgana Cão

Folgasão

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8
Q

What is the soil type of Port?

A

Schist

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9
Q

Name for the wide terraces of Port?

A

Patamares

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10
Q

Open trough used for foot stomping and fermentation in Port

A

`Lagares

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11
Q

Name for adding to spirit to port

A

Beneficio

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12
Q

Name for the spirit used to fortify port

A

Aguardiente

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13
Q

At what ratio is spirit added to Port

A

1:4

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14
Q

How large is a pipe used for Shipping?

A

534.24 liters

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15
Q

What are the aging requirements for vintage Port?

A

Wines must be bottled by July 30th of the 3rd year after harvest but may be sold as early as May 1st the second after harvest

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16
Q

What are the aging requirements for late bottled vintage Port?

A

Min of 4 years in cask and must be bottle before 6 years

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17
Q

How long must a tawny port be aged before it may be called reserve?

A

7 years

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18
Q

Cask aging requirements for Colhieta Tawny Port?

A

7 years

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19
Q

What is the climate of Porto?

A

Continental

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20
Q

What is the min RS for Port?

A

17.5%

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21
Q

Quinta da Foz

A

Calem

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22
Q

Quinta do Agua Alto

A

Churchill’s

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23
Q

Quinta dos Canais

A

Cockburn

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24
Q

Quinta da Tua

A

Cockburn

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25
Q

Term for round trip that madiera making process is suppose to aproximate?

A

Torna Viagem

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26
Q

What 2 Islands are allowed to produce Madeira?

A

Madeira

Porto Santo

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27
Q

Name for Basalt stone terraces of Madeira?

A

Poios

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28
Q

Name for Pergola system of Madeira?

A

Latadas

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28
Q

Name for canals used to irrigate the vines of Madeira?

A

Levadas

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29
Q

What is the production center of Madeira?

A

Funchal

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30
Q

What are the noble white grapes of Madeira?

A

Sercial

Verdelho

Boal

Malmsey

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31
Q

Synonym for Sercial

A

Esgana Cao

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32
Q

What grape account for most of the production in Madeira?

A

Tinta Negra

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33
Q

From what point on may Tinta Negra appear on a label?

A

2015

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34
Q

How much of the stated variety must a bottle of vintage Madeira contain?

A

100%

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35
Q

Put the Madeira varietals in order from driest to sweetest

A

Sercial

Verdelho

Boal

Malvasia

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36
Q

Name 3 production companies of Madeira

A

H & H

Justino

Madeira Wine company

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37
Q

What 2 heating methods are Madeira wines subjected to?

A

Estufagem

Canteiro

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38
Q

Process of putting Madeira wines in heated stainless tanks

A

Estufagem

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39
Q

Method of heating the wines of Madeira by leaving them in attics that are only heated by the sun?

A

Canteiro

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40
Q

Wines heated by Canteiro process must be heated for a minimum of how long

A

2 years min

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41
Q

What are the aging requirements for Frasquiera wines?

A

20years

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42
Q

What is the driest style of Madeira?

43
Q

Rainwater Madeira is typically made with what grape variety?

A

Tinta Negra

44
Q

Madeira wines labeled Seleccionado must be aged how long?

45
Q

Min Aging for Madeira wine labeled Reserve

46
Q

What are the 3 towns of Jerez?

A

Jerez de la Frontera

El Puerto de Santa Maria

Sanlucar de Barrameda

47
Q

What river run northwest of Jerez?

A

Guadalquivir

48
Q

What are the 2 DO zones of Sherry?

A

Jerez

Manzanilla Sanlucar de Barramed

49
Q

What is the major difference between Jerez DO and Manzanilla DO?

A

Manzanilla Must be aged in Sanlucar de Barrameda

50
Q

Name for the hot dry wind that blows from the east in Sherry?

51
Q

Humid Altantic wind that influence sherry Production

52
Q

Wind that helps promote the growth of Flor?

53
Q

Name 2 of the 3 soil types of Sherry?

A

Albariza

Barros

Arenas

54
Q

Name for the limestone rich soils of Sherry?

55
Q

What is the largest pago in Sherry?

A

Marcharnudo

56
Q

What are the 3 grapes of Sherry?

A

Palomino

Pedro Ximenez

Moscatel

57
Q

What is the main production area for Moscatel in sherry?

58
Q

Name the process in sherry by which grapes are dried on straw mats in the sun?

A

Soleo process

59
Q

What is the traditional method of vine training in Sherry?

A

Vara y Pulgar

60
Q

Name for foot stomping laborers of Sherry?

A

Pissadores

61
Q

What is the name given to the must of Sherry?

A

Mosto de Yema

62
Q

The mosto de Yema is divided into 3 parts name them?

A

Primera Yema

Segunda Yema

Mosto Prensa

63
Q

What is yeso?

A

A plaster added to grapes before pressing in Sherry

64
Q

What is desfangado in terms of sherry production?

65
Q

What is the size of a sherry butt?

A

600 liters

66
Q

What is the average alcohol of the sherry base wine?

67
Q

Name for wines that are marked with a line after fermentation and before aging? What are they destine to become?

A

Palo

They are destine to become Bio aged wine such as Fino and Manzanilla

68
Q

After fortification fino sherry end up at what final alcohol range?

69
Q

Oloroso Sherries are fortified to what alcohol range?

70
Q

Name for mixture of sherry and spirit used to gently fortify sherry?

A

Mitad y mitad

71
Q

Which wind promotes the growth of flor?

72
Q

Primer yema must is typically destine for what style of wine?

A

Biologically aged

73
Q

Name for the intermediary stage for biologically aged wines where their final style will be determined?

A

Sobretablas

74
Q

During the sobretablas what classification is most likely to become fino sherry?

75
Q

What is the minimum solera aging for sherry?

76
Q

Name for a tier of barrels in the sherry making process?

77
Q

Name for movement of wine through the solera?

78
Q

What are the generoso styles of wine?

A

Fino

Amontillado

Oloroso

Palo Cortado

79
Q

What are the generoso wines for Manzanilla?

A

Manzanilla Fina

Manzanilla Pasada

Manzanilla Olorosa

80
Q

Name for the process of Sweetening Sherry

81
Q

Name for sweetening agent of sherry derived from a mistela of sunned Palomino?

A

Dulce Pasa

82
Q

What is dulce de Almibar?

A

A sweetening agent made with a combination of inert sugar and Fino Sherry

83
Q

What is vino de calor?

A

A combination of boiled syrup and fresh must use to adjust the color of sherry

84
Q

What are the generoso liqueur style of wine?

A

These are the cream style sherries

Pale Cream

Cream

Oloroso

Medium

`

85
Q

What is Almacenista?

A

Someone that buys young wine and sells wine to shippers at proper maturity

86
Q

Name for wines made entirely from sunned grapes?

A

Vino Dulce Natural

87
Q

What is the rs range for Vino dulce Natural?

A

180 - 500g/l

88
Q

What are the 2 categories of Sherry Wines of Certified Age?

A

VOS - Vinum Optimum Signatum

VORS - Vinum Optimum Rare Signatum

89
Q

What is the age of a solera for VOS wines?

A

over 20 years

90
Q

What is the average age of a solera for VORS wines?

A

over 30 years

91
Q

What styles of wine can qualify for VOS and VORS?

A

Amontillado

Oloroso

Palo Cortado

Pedro Ximenez

92
Q

What is the difference between VOS VORS and 12yr and 15yr old sherry?

A

VOS VORS - age only applies to wine drawn off the

!2yr 15yr - designation must apply to the entire solera

93
Q

Who was the first person to make Marsala? Year?

A

John Woodhouse 1773

94
Q

In marsala production what is a Sifone?

A

a mistelle use to color and sweeten wine

95
Q

What are 2 colors for Marsala?

A

Ambra

Oro

Rubino

96
Q

Name 2 white grapes of Marsala?

A

Grillo

Catarratto

Damaschino

Inzolia

97
Q

What is the only style of Marsala that permits Mosto Cotto? Name for the Mosto Cotto?

A

Ambra

Concia

98
Q

What are the red grapes of Rubino Marsala?

A

Nero d’Avola

Perricone

Nerello Macalese

99
Q

What is the max RS for Secco Marsala?

100
Q

Name 2 aging designations for Marsala

A

Fine

Superiore

Superiore Riserva

Vergine

Vergine Stravecchio

101
Q

What does the year statement on a bottle of Marsala indicate?

A

Year of fortification

102
Q

What are the aging requirements for Marsala?

A

Fine - 1yrs

Superiore - 2yrs

Superiore Riserva - 3yrs

Vergine - 4yrs

Vergine Stravecchio - 5yrs

103
Q

What style of Marsala may not be sweetened?

104
Q

Max RS for Generoso Style wines?

Master Sommelier 2025 (32 decks)

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