Formatives Flashcards
What’s the average weight of the thyroid gland?
25-30g
What nerve can be potentially damaged during thyroid surgery?
Recurrent laryngwal nerve
What is the most biologically active thyroid hormone?
fT3
What is the main regulatory method of thyroid hormone release?
Free T3 negative feedback on pituitary / hypothalamus
What is the main binding globulin for thyroxine?
TBG
Thyroxine has no effect on cardiac muscle, true or false?
False (sensitises to sympathetic stimulation)
Thyroxine has no effect on reproductive tissues, T or F?
False
A goitre is only present in hyperthyroidism, true or false?
False
An underactive thyroid causes heat intolerance, true or false?
False - causes COLD intolerance
All ATDs should be avoided in pregnancy, true or false?
False - PTU in 1st and carbimazole in 2/3rd
If a patient still needs thyroxine 1 year after delivery she is likely to need it life-long, true or false?
True (25-50% of patients will become persistently hypothyroid)
A woman in early pregnancy with known hypothyroidism should double her dose of thyroxine immediately, true or false?
False - increase by 25mcg initially. Later, most patients will require 50% greater dose than they were on while not pregnant
Gestational diabetes usually presents in the 1st trimester, T/F?
False - usually in the third
Methyldopa is a good option for BP control in hypertensive pregnant women, T/F?
True - avoid ACEi
ACEi and statins are safe to use in pregnancy, T/F?
False
Maternal hyperinsulinaemia causes increased foetal growth, T/F
False - it’s maternal hyperglycaemia which causes excess growth
The corpus luteum secretes hCG, T/F?
False - it secretes progesterone, the hCG comes from the placenta
After a pregnancy with G-DM, the risk of T2DM is 10% within the next 10 years, T/F?
False - 50% within 10 years, 80% if mother is obese
Dopamine inhibits release of prolactin, true or false?
True
ACTH exerts its peripheral effects via IGF-1, true or false?
False, ACTH releases cortisol
Surgery is the 1st line therapy for prolactinoma, T/F?
False - usually medical (e.g. cabergoline)
Acromegalic headache is usually due to tumour compression, true or false?
False - usually vascular in origin, not compression
A 1mg overnight suppresion test is the best screening test for Cushing’s, T/F?
True
Cortisol is a posterior pituitary hormone, T/F?
False
A baseline serum:urine osmolality of >2 avoids needs for water-deprivation test, T/F?
False* - the urine will be less concentrated as the patient cannot concentrate urine
*lecturer did not explain this
Testosterone can cause polycythaemia, T/F?
True
