Formative Flashcards
Antabuse - a drug used to treat alcoholism work by inhibiting
Select one:
a. alcohol phosphatase
b. alkaline phosphatase
c. aldehyde dehydrogenase
d. aldehyde phosphatase
e. alcohol dehydrogenase
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Acute pancreatitis is associated with
Select one:
a. opiate use
b. diuretics
c. 2nd generation cefalosporins
d. 3rd generation cefalosporins
e. steroid use
Steroid use
Alcohol is associated with
Select one:
a. an accumulation of lipid in hepatocytes Correct
b. an increased number of plasma cells in portal areas
c. granulomas surrounding bile ducts
d. vascular congestion in portal tracts
e. an accumulation of iron in hepatocytes
An accumulation of lipid in hepatocytes
The legal age of drinking alcohol whilst at supervised at home is
Select one:
a. 5
b. 16
c. 18
d. 10
e. 15
5
The liver is divided into
Select one:
a. 3 segments
b. 8 segments
c. 9 segments
d. 5 segments
e. 2 segments
8
The recommended number of units of alcohol for a man in one week is
Select one:
a. 18 units
b. 16 units
c. 20 units
d. 14 units
e. 21 units
14
The respiratory center of the brain lies within the
Select one:
a. brainstem
b. cerebellum
c. frontal cortex
d. thalamus
e. occipital cortex
Brainstem
Persistent vomiting causing a gastric tear is known as a
Select one:
a. Watermelon stomach
b. Hypertensive portal gastropathy
c. GAVE - gastric antral vascular ectasia
d. Mallory Weiss tear Correct
e. Boerrhave syndrome
Mallory weiss tear
Portal hypertension is most associated with
Select one:
a. hepatomegaly
b. positive Murphy’s sign
c. positive Courvoisier’s sign
d. splenomegaly
e. Cullen’s sign
Splenomegaly
A patient with LFTs showing a normal GGT, AST and ALT with high Alk Phos is most likely to have
Select one:
a. pulmonary disease
b. viral hepatitis
c. recently drunk significant amounts of alcohol (binge drinking)
d. chronic alcoholism
e. bone disease
Bone disease
In general, females become intoxicated more rapidly than males because
Select one:
a. they tend to have a higher BMI
b. they are less accustomed to drinking
c. they consume different types of alcohol
d. they tend to have less alcohol dehydrogenase
e. they tend to have smaller livers
Tend to have less alcohol dehydrogenase
Which nerve supplies the heart?
Select one:
a. phrenic
b. accessory
c. cephalic
d. vagus
e. azygous
Vagus
Which of these microscopic features is NOT present within a portal tract?
Select one:
a. hepatocyte
b. bile duct
c. vein
d. artery
e. lymphocyte
Hepatocyte
Persistent vomiting may result in
Select one:
a. metabolic alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. net normal pH
e. respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic alkalosis
A patient with haematemesis may suffer from
Select one:
a. neurogenic shock
b. cardiogenic shock
c. septic shock
d. hypovolaemic shock
e. anaphylactic shock
Hypovolaemic shock
The recommended number of units of alcohol for a woman in one week is
Select one:
a. 18 units
b. 14 units
c. 16 units
d. 21 units
e. 20 units
14
In a restaurant today a standard glass of wine (175mls) is likely to contain approximately
Select one:
a. 3 units of alcohol
b. 1 unit of alcohol
c. 1.5 units of alcohol
d. 2 units of alcohol
e. 0.5 units of alcohol
2 units
After use of muscle glycogen the liver can produce “new glucose” through
Select one:
a. gluconeogenesis
b. glycophosphorylation
c. glycogenolysis
d. glucogenolysis
e. glyconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis
Which of these speeds up the elimination of alcohol form the body
Select one:
a. all of the above
b. water consumption
c. caffeine consumption
d. glucose solution
e. none of the above
None of the above
Which of the following clinical signs can be associated with alcohol?
Select one:
a. Caput medusa
b. Kayser Fleischer ring
c. Roth spots
d. Janeway lesions
e. corneal arcus
Caput medusa
Alcohol is initially metabolised by
Select one:
a. fumarate hydratase
b. cytochrome p450
c. alcohol hydratase
d. alcohol dehydrogenase
e. alcohol phosphatase
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Jaundice as a result of alcoholic hepatitis is caused by an accumulation of
Select one:
a. conjugated biliverdin
b. unconjugated bilirubin
c. conjugated bilirubin
d. haptoglobin
e. unconjugated biliverdin
Conjugated bilirubin
Chronic alcoholism is associated with
Select one:
a. reactive pericarditis
b. restrictive cardiomyopathy
c. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
d. dilated cardiomyopathy
e. arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Alcohol confers the strongest risk for
Select one:
a. oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
b. hepatocellular carcinoma
c. pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma
d. colorectal adenocarcinoma
e. pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma
The ligamentum teres within the falciform ligament is formed from which embryological structure?
Select one:
a. mesonephric duct
b. umbilical vein
c. umbilical artery
d. urachus
e. vitelline duct
Umbillical vein
The term “inotrope” refers to
Select one:
a. cardiac rate
b. ventricular filling volume
c. total peripheral resistance
d. cardiac contractility
e. atrial filling volume
Cardiac contractility
Severe hepatitis is associated with
Select one:
a. hepatoreticular syndrome
b. hepatorenal syndrome
c. hepatorespiratory syndrome
d. hepatocardiac syndrome
e. hepatobiliary syndrome
Hepatorenal
The liver enzyme ALT is short for
Select one:
a. Alanine aminotransferase
b. Alcohol Transferase
c. Amino L-transferase
d. Alyl Transferase
e. Aspartate l-transferase
Alanine aminotransferase
In the normal metabolic pathway the substance from which bilirubin is formed is
Select one:
a. haptoglobin
b. porhyrin
c. urobilinogen
d. biliverdin
e. haemaglobin
biliverdin
Alkaline phosphatase is NOT concentrated in the
Select one:
a. placenta
b. kidney
c. lung
d. liver
e. bone
Lung? (didn’t see the answer but presumably?)
The liver enzyme AST is short for
Select one:
a. Aspartate transaminase
b. Aspartate Transferase
c. Alanine synthase
d. Aspartate aminotransferase
e. Alanine S-transferase
aspartate aminotransferase
Which clotting factor is NOT made in the liver?
Select one:
a. X
b. VIII
c. IX
d. VII
e. II
VIII
Fibrosis.cirrhosis of the liver is mediated by which type of cell?
Select one:
a. lymphocytes
b. hepatocytes
c. interstitial cells of Ito
d. macrophages
e. neutrophils
interstitial cells of Ito
Which of the following is NOT associated with acute pancreatitis?
Select one:
a. Caput Medusae
b. renal failure
c. resp failure
d. Grey Turner’s sign
e. Cullen’s sign
? (either renal failure or caput medusae)
Treatments intended to manage ascites in cirrhosis aim to reduce
Select one:
a. phosphate levels
b. calcium levels
c. magnesium levels
d. sodium levels
e. potassium levels
Sodium
Microscopically, hepatocytes are bordered by
Select one:
a. Bowman’s space
b. the space of Disse
c. venules
d. Virchow-Robin space
e. arterioles
Space of dise
Aspiration pneumonia typically occurs in the
Select one:
a. upper post segment of the left lower lobe
b. lower segment of the right lower lobe
c. lower segment of the left lower lobe
d. proximal segment of the right median lobe
e. superior segment of the right lower lobe
superior segment of the right lower lobe
Embryologically the liver is derived from the
Select one:
a. foregut
b. hindgut
c. the cloaca
d. urachus
e. vitelline duct
foregut
Alcohol is know to
Select one:
a. decrease blood LDL levels
b. increase blood triglyceride levels
c. increase blood LDL levels
d. increase blood HDL levels
e. decrease blood HDL levels
increase blood HDL levels
Dupuytren’s contracture is caused by
Select one:
a. scarring of the flexor tendons
b. scarring of flexor policis brevis
c. scarring of the palmar fascia
d. scarring and swelling of the tendon sheath
e. scarring of flexor policis longus
scarring of the palmar fascia
