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Alcohol > End of block formative > Flashcards

End of block formative Flashcards

1
Q

Acute pancreatitis is associated with

Select one:

a. diuretics
b. opiate use
c. steroid use
d. 3rd generation cefalosporins
e. 2nd generation cefalosporins

A

Steroid use

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2
Q

Which of the following biochemical findings is commonly seen in patients with established alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (cirrhosis)?

Select one:

a. Hypernatraemia due to secondary hyperaldosteronism
b. Hyperbilirubinaemia, resulting in clinical jaundice.
c. Grossly elevated triglycerides, due to release of very low density lipoproteins from cirrhotic liver.
d. Increased urea due to small GI bleeds from oesophageal varices.
e. Markedly increased ALT reflecting liver damage due to alcohol ‘binges’.

A

Hyperbilirubinaemia, resulting in clinical jaundice.

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3
Q

Alcohol is know to

Select one:

a. increase blood triglyceride levels
b. decrease blood LDL levels
c. increase blood HDL levels
d. decrease blood HDL levels
e. increase blood LDL levels

A

Increase blood HDL levels

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4
Q

Which of the following nutritional deficiencies often found following chronic alcohol abuse, is associated with Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome?

Select one:

a. zinc
b. thiamine
c. vitamin A
d. iron
e. vitamin B3

A

Thiamine

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5
Q

In general, females become intoxicated more rapidly than males because

Select one:

a. they are less accustomed to drinking
b. they tend to have less alcohol dehydrogenase
c. they consume different types of alcohol
d. they tend to have a higher BMI
e. they tend to have smaller livers

A

They tend to have less alcohol dehydrogenase

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6
Q

Which of the drugs below leads to a faster rate of alcohol absorption?

Select one:

a. domperidone
b. aluminium hydroxide
c. magnesium carbonate
d. omeprazole
e. penicillin

A

Domperidone

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7
Q

According to the World Cancer Research Fund, for which of the following cancers is there strong evidence of an association with alcohol consumption?

Select one:

a. prostate
b. ovarian
c. breast
d. lung
e. bladder

A

Breast

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8
Q

Which of the following statements about the osmolal gap is true?

Select one:

a. A raised osmolal gap is associated with a raised urine output
b. Toxic alcohol ingestion should only be considered if there is a reported history of ingestion of e.g. anti-freeze.
c. Most patients presenting with a reduced level of consciousness have an increased osmolal gap due to alcohol (ethanol).
d. Ethanol is sometimes used to treat patients with a raised osmolal gap.
e. Occasionally, the measured serum osmolality is significantly lower than the calculated osmolality.

A

Ethanol is sometimes used to treat patients with a raised osmolol gap

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9
Q

Portal hypertension is most associated with

Select one:

a. splenomegaly
b. hepatomegaly
c. positive Murphy’s sign
d. positive Courvoisier’s sign
e. Cullen’s sign

A

Splenomegely

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10
Q

In the process of death certification conditions listed under part 2 refer to

Select one:

a. co-existent chronic diseases
b. past medical history
c. conditions contributing to but not directly repsonsible for death
d. inherited diseases
e. conditions that are a public health risk

A

Conditions contributing but not directly responsible for death

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11
Q

The usual time scale for the development of Delerium Tremens is

Select one:

a. 3-10 hours
b. 2-3 days
c. 4-12 hours
d. 3-10 days
e. 6 - 48 hours

A

3-10 days

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12
Q

Which clotting factor is NOT made in the liver?

Select one:

a. X
b. VII
c. IX
d. II
e. VIII

A

VIII

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13
Q

Which of these medications is used for Medically Assisted Alcohol Withdrawal

Select one:

a. lorazepam
b. chlordiazepoxide
c. disulfiram
d. haloperidol
e. acramposate

A

Chlordiazepoxide

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14
Q

Antabuse - a drug used to treat alcoholism work by inhibiting

Select one:

a. alkaline phosphatase
b. alcohol phosphatase
c. aldehyde phosphatase
d. aldehyde dehydrogenase
e. alcohol dehydrogenase

A

Aldehyde dehydrogenase

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15
Q

Microscopically, hepatocytes are bordered by

Select one:

a. Virchow-Robin space
b. venules
c. Bowman’s space
d. arterioles
e. the space of Disse

A

the space of disse

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16
Q

Aspiration pneumonia typically occurs in the

Select one:

a. superior segment of the right lower lobe
b. lower segment of the left lower lobe
c. proximal segment of the right median lobe
d. lower segment of the right lower lobe
e. upper post segment of the left lower lobe

A

Superior segment of the right lower lobe

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17
Q

The ligamentum teres within the falciform ligament is formed from which embryological structure?

Select one:

a. umbilical artery
b. vitelline duct
c. umbilical vein
d. mesonephric duct
e. urachus

A

Umbillical vein

18
Q

Fibrosis.cirrhosis of the liver is mediated by which type of cell?

Select one:

a. macrophages
b. hepatocytes
c. lymphocytes
d. neutrophils
e. interstitial cells of Ito

A

Interstitial cells of lto

19
Q

How many units of alcohol are in a 1 litre bottle of premium strength cider (8%)?

Select one:

a. 6
b. 12
c. 4
d. 8
e. 10

A

8

20
Q

According to the UK Chief Medical Officer, what is a safe limit on alcohol intake during pregnancy?

Select one:

a. 1-2 units a day
b. 2-3 units a day
c. 1-2 units a week
d. 2-3 units a week
e. none - there is no safe limit

A

None

21
Q

The abnormal gait seen in Wernicke’s syndrome is known as an

Select one:

a. a vaulting gait
b. ataxic gait
c. an antalgic gait
d. a spastic gait
e. a shuffling gait

A

Ataxic gait

22
Q

Alcohol causes a diuresis because of

Select one:

a. increased ADH levels
b. decreased aldosterone levels
c. decreased ADH levels
d. increased sodium levels
e. increased aldosterone levels

A

Decreased ADH levels

23
Q

In the normal metabolic pathway the substance from which bilirubin is formed is

Select one:

a. urobilinogen
b. haptoglobin
c. porhyrin
d. biliverdin
e. haemaglobin

A

Bilverdin

24
Q

What is the definition of binge drinking for a man?

Select one:

a. greater than eight units in one day
b. greater than 6 units in one day
c. greater than 12 units in one day
d. greater than 4 units in one day
e. greater than 10 units in one day

A

Greater than 8 units in one day

25
Q

Severe hepatitis is associated with

Select one:

a. hepatorenal syndrome
b. hepatoreticular syndrome
c. hepatocardiac syndrome
d. hepatobiliary syndrome
e. hepatorespiratory syndrome

A

Hepatorenal syndrome

26
Q

Which of the following statements about upper gastro-intestinal (GI) bleeding is true?

Select one:

a. ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is stimulated primarily by the increased serum osmolality resulting from the increased urea.
b. Urine biochemistry is of little help in assessing the impact of blood loss on glomerular function
c. In a patient with a severe GI bleed, lactate may be used to assess perfusion.
d. Red blood cells from the gut enter the systemic circulation directly

A

In a patient with a severe GI bleed, lactate may be used to assess perfusion

27
Q

Which of the following is a useful screening tool for Alcohol Dependence Disorder

Select one:

a. MoCA
b. DAST
c. AUDIT
d. PHQ-9
e. COWS

A

AUDIT

28
Q

The liver enzyme AST is short for

Select one:

a. Aspartate transaminase
b. Aspartate aminotransferase
c. Alanine synthase
d. Alanine S-transferase
e. Aspartate Transferase

A

Aspartate aminotransferase

29
Q

Which of these microscopic features is NOT present within a portal tract?

Select one:

a. lymphocyte
b. bile duct
c. vein
d. hepatocyte
e. artery

A

Hepatocyte

30
Q

In a patient with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) presenting with an upper GI bleed, which of the following provides the most useful information about liver synthetic function?

Select one:

a. serum albumin
b. serum urea
c. prothrombin time
d. Triglycerides
e. total protein

A

Prothrombin time

31
Q

How many kcals does 1g of alcohol contain?

Select one:

a. 7
b. 6
c. 4
d. 10
e. 9

A

7

32
Q

A patient with LFTs showing a normal GGT, AST and ALT with high Alk Phos is most likely to have

Select one:

a. recently drunk significant amounts of alcohol (binge drinking)
b. viral hepatitis
c. bone disease
d. pulmonary disease
e. chronic alcoholism

A

Bone disease

33
Q

Dupuytren’s contracture is caused by

Select one:

a. scarring of flexor policis longus
b. scarring of the palmar fascia
c. scarring of the flexor tendons
d. scarring and swelling of the tendon sheath
e. scarring of flexor policis brevis

A

Scarring of the palmar fascia

34
Q

Jaundice as a result of alcoholic hepatitis is caused by an accumulation of

Select one:

a. conjugated biliverdin
b. haptoglobin
c. unconjugated biliverdin
d. unconjugated bilirubin
e. conjugated bilirubin

A

Conjugated bilirubin

35
Q

Facial flushing and a general feeling of being unwell is caused by

Select one:

a. acetic acid
b. alcohol
c. alcohol dehydrogenase
d. aldehyde
e. aldehyde dehydrogenase

A

Aldehyde

36
Q

What is the definition of “binge drinking” for a woman?

Select one:

a. greater than 10 units in one day
b. greater than 4 units in one day
c. greater than 12 units in one day
d. greater than 8 units in one day
e. greater than 6 units in one day

A

Greater than 8 units in one day

37
Q

Which of these speeds up the elimination of alcohol form the body

Select one:

a. caffeine consumption
b. all of the above
c. glucose solution
d. none of the above
e. water consumption

A

None of the above

38
Q

Which of the following is NOT associated with acute pancreatitis?

Select one:

a. Grey Turner’s sign
b. resp failure
c. Cullen’s sign
d. Caput Medusae
e. renal failure

A

Renal failure

39
Q

How many units of alcohol are in a 70cl bottle of 40% vodka?

Select one:

a. 14
b. 20
c. 40
d. 28
e. 57

A

28

40
Q

Which of these is NOT a recognised feature of Dependence Syndrome as per ICD – 10

Select one:

a. Preoccupation with substance use
b. narrowing of repertoire
c. increased tolerance
d. Persistent use despite clear evidence of harm
e. Strong desire or compulsion to take substance

A

Narrowing of repertoire

Alcohol (11 decks)

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