Formation Flashcards
Test card
Reward/need/satisfaction Reinforcement Cate et al May and Hamilton Hays Cultural Gender Matching hypothesis Dance study Murstein and Silverman Caviour and Boblett Complex matching Takeuchi Cultural differences
Reward need satisfaction
Relationships are rewarding
Directly rewarding through operant conditioning - meeting needs (sex/love)
Indirectly rewarding through classical conditioning - associated with good things
Some ppl are directly associated with reinforcement because seeing them make you happy - more likely r-ship
Reinforcement
Mutual attraction occurs when each person meets the others needs
If you meet when you are happy = like them more (positive effect)
Cate et al
322 pps
Assess current r-ship in terms of reward and satisfaction
Reward was the lost important
May and Hamilton
Females scored male pictures on levels of attractiveness
3 conditions
Pleasant
Not pleasant Music
No
In the pleasant condition ratings were higher
What is pleasant music? Subjective
Hays
In friendships value is given to rewarding the other person
Not romantic relationships
Culture
West we are hedonistic and so put more value on being rewarded ourselves
Gender
Women tend to be attentive to the others needs
Matching hypothesis
More socially desirable you are the more socially desirable you expect your partner to be
Couple la who are matched = long happy r-ship
Looking for a partner is influenced by what you want and what you think you can get
Realistic choices - won’t if you don’t think it will be successful
Dance study
752 undergrads
Assumes they would be matched with someone socially desirable
Was totally random
If had an attractive data they reacted positively and were more likely to arrange a second
All wanted a socially desirable date no matter of own physical attractiveness- doesn’t supoort realistic choices
Murstein and Silverman
Conducted a for relational study with actual couples
Levels of attractiveness of each partner was assessed by more than one judge
Rates independently from partner
Judged to be similar levels of attractiveness
Supports wanting a desirable partner
Caviour and Boblett
Found significant effect of the matching hypothesis in committed couples compared to casual
If matched more likely to be in. Enduring happy relationship
Complex matching
The original theory was based on social desirability but now about attractiveness
In reality matching is much more complex
Lacking in one area can be made up for in another - funny/money
Tacheuchi
Found gender differences
Attractiveness of women was much more heavily valued than in men
Men can compensate more than women
Cultural differences in formation
In the west it is your own choice who to form a relationship with
In the east a 3rd party is normally responsible (arranged marriage) this means these theories are not applicable
