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Chemisty A level > Formalae and Equations > Flashcards

Formalae and Equations Flashcards

1
Q

What are polyatomic/ compound ions?

A

covalently bonded ions eg. sulfate
ends with ‘ate’

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2
Q

What is the carbonate ion?

A

CO3 2-

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3
Q

What is the nitrate ion?

A

NO3-

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4
Q

What is the phrosphate ion?

A

PO4 3-

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5
Q

What is the hydroxide ion?

A

OH-

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6
Q

What is the sulfate ion?

A

SO4 2-

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7
Q

What is the silver ion?

A

Ag+

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8
Q

What is the zinc ion?

A

Zn 2+

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9
Q

What is the ammonium ion?

A

NH4+

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10
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

the joining of two atoms is not energetically favourable

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11
Q

What is a lone-pair?

A

Two electrons in a covalent molecule that are not sharing any electroms with a different atom

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12
Q

What is an element?

A

an atom containing one substance

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13
Q

What is an atom?

A

a particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element

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14
Q

What is a compound?

A

a mixture of two or more atoms that are chemically bound

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15
Q

What is an ion?

A

a charged atom

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16
Q

What is a molecule?

A

at least two atoms held together by covalent bonds

17
Q

What does the period number tell you on the periodic table?

A

number of shells in an atom

18
Q

What does the group number tell you on the periodic table?

A

number of electrons in the outer shell

19
Q

How is the periodic table arranged?

A

lists elements in order of increasing atomic number

20
Q

What is an electrons relative mass?

A

1/2000

21
Q

What are the relative masses of protons and neutrons?

A

both 1

22
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

number of protons
defines what the element is
does not change in chemical reaction

23
Q

What is a compound?

A

more than one element chemically bonded together

24
Q

What is an ionic compound?

A

it is formes by the transfer of 1 or more electrons from the atom of one element to an atom of another element

25
Q

What is a cation?

A

positively charged atom
(loses electrons)

26
Q

What is an anion?

A

negatively charged atom
(gains electrons)

27
Q

What are covalent substances?

A

atoms bonded to each other by covalent bonds
formed when a pair of atoms share a pair of electrons

28
Q

What holds a covalent substance together?

A

the electrostatic attraction and the nuclei of the two atoms involved

29
Q

How do you know what compounds are covalently bonded?

A

Only non-metals present

30
Q

How do you know what compounds are ionically bonded?

A

made of a metal and a non-metal

31
Q

What is the formula for methane?

A

CH4

32
Q

What is the formula for nitric acid?

A

HNO3

33
Q

How do you produce an ionic equation?

A
  1. write the full equation including state symbols
  2. write full ionic equation
  3. remove spectator ions ( ones that don’t change state in reaction)

solids, liquids and gases do not seperate as ions
only aqueous solutions seperate in water as ions

34
Q

What happens when you dissolve an ionic compound in water?

A

it seperates into its induvidual ions

Chemisty A level (30 decks)

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