Forlimb

Question 1

What is the scapula?

Answer 1

shoulder blade
The shoulder blade is not fixed connected to the spine (it is not connected via the clavicles!), it is connected with firm muscles and ligaments. Therefore the shoulder blades are very flexible, and a cat fits into the narrowest hollow.

Question 2

What is the acromion

Answer 2

Part of the shoulder that points into the direction of the belly; an important connection point for muscles.

Question 3

What is the metacromion?

Answer 3

points into the direction of the tail; an important connection point for muscles (cats not dogs)

Question 4

What is the gleniod cavity (or fossa)?

Answer 4

a hollow, where the head of the humerus articulates

Question 5

What is the Clavicle?

Answer 5

Cats not dogs- This bone is degenerated in cats and is not connected with the spine, it is embedded into a muscle.

Question 6

Dog body references

Answer 6

Question 7

What foramen is found in canine and feline humeri and pass thr. them?

Answer 7

dog - supratrochlear foramen:
nothing

cat - supracondylar foramen:
medial nerve

Question 8

What is shelf of distal phalanx covering the root of claw?

Answer 8

ungual crest

Question 9

What local thickening of deep fascia hold tendons in place?

Answer 9

retinaculum (extensor and flexor)

Question 10

Where do all tricep (heads) muscles insert?

Answer 10

olecranon

Question 11

What is the indentation on the distal end of the cow humourous?

Answer 11

olecrolan fossa

Question 12

Antebrachium muscles

Answer 12

Figure 17 - Fig.1.3.1. (A) = Medial view, (B) = lateral view, of left forelimb: Sb = subscapularis, Sp = supraspinatus, TM = teres major, LD = latissimus dorsi, C = coracobracialis, T = triceps (1 = long head, 3 = medial head, 4 = accessory head), TFA = tensor fasciae antebrachii, B = biceps brachii, ECR = extensor carpi radialis, DDF = deep digital flexor, FCU = flexor carpi ulnaris, PT = pronator teres, FCR = flexor carpi radialis, SDF = superficial digital flexor, FCU = flexor carpi ulnaris, I = infraspinatus, Tm = teres minor, Br = brachialis, CDE = common digital extensor, LDE = lateral digital extensor, ECU = extensor carpi ulnaris.

Question 13

What are the types of carpal pads on the dog paw?

Answer 13

Right front paw of dog showing A) claw, B) digital pads, C) metacarpal pad, D) dew claw, E) carpal pad.