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GCSE Edecel B Geography > Forests Under Threat Glossary > Flashcards

Forests Under Threat Glossary Flashcards

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1
Q

What is abiotic?

A

Non-living part of a biome, includes the atmosphere, water, rock and soil

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2
Q

What is acid rain?

A

Rain with a pH lower than 5.7

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3
Q

What is afforestation?

A

The planting of trees

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4
Q

What is agroforestry?

A

Growing trees and crops together to maintain biodiversity of agricultural land

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5
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

The number of different plant and animal species in an area

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6
Q

What is biofuels?

A

Any kind of fuel made from living things, or from the waste they produce

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7
Q

What is biomass?

A

Renewable organic materials such as wood, agricultural crops or wastes, when used as a source of fuel or energy

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8
Q

What is biotic?

A

Living part of a biome, made up of plant (flora) and animal (fauna) life

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9
Q

What is a boreal forest?

A

The Taiga - the world’s largest land biome

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10
Q

What is clear-cutting?

A

The logging of all trees in a wide area of forest

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11
Q

What is climate?

A

The average weather conditions over a 30 year period

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12
Q

What is a confierous tree?

A

Type of tree which includes pine, spruce and fir, which grow tall and narrow to form a dense canopy

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13
Q

What is conservation?

A

Protecting threatened biomes, e.g. setting up national parks or banning trade in endangered species

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14
Q

What is deforestation?

A

The deliberate cutting down of forests to exploit forest resources (timber, land or materials)

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15
Q

What is detritivores?

A

Animals which feeds on dead or decaying plant and animal matter

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16
Q

What is drought?

A

A long, continuous period of dry weather

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17
Q

What is ecotourism?

A

Small-scale tourism that attracts visitors that are interested in wildlife and culture

18
Q

What is epiphytes?

A

Plants that live in the canopy on trees and have evolved to get all their nutrients from water and air rather than the soil

19
Q

What is geographical conflict?

A

Disagreement and differences of opinion linked to the use of places and resources

20
Q

What is Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

A

A form of electronic mapping that builds up maps layer by layer

21
Q

What is global warming?

A

The increase of Earth’s temperatures, also known as the greenhouse effect

22
Q

What is Hydroelectric power (HEP)?

A

Electricity generated by turbines that are driven by moving water

23
Q

What is invasive species?

A

(Or alien species) - a plant, animals or disease introduced from one are to another which caused ecosystem damage

24
Q

What is leaching?

A

When nutrients are washed out of the soil by water moving through it

25
Q

What is lianas?

A

Climbing plants which cling to trees and climb up to the sunlight in the canopy, while getting water and nutrients from the soil below

26
Q

What is litter?

A

Decaying leaves and twigs

27
Q

What is magration?

A

Movement from one place to another

28
Q

What are National parks?

A

Natural landscapes that are protected by the government for the conservation of wildlife or enjoyment of the general public

29
Q

What is Net Primary Productivity (NPP) ?

A

A measure of how much new plant and animal growth is added to a biome each year

30
Q

What is Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO)?

A

NGOs work to make life better, especially for the poor. Oxfam, the Red Cross adn Greenpeace are all NGOs.

31
Q

What is the nutrient cycle?

A

The circulation of nutrients between abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) parts of ecosystems

32
Q

What is a primary forest?

A

The original forest

33
Q

What is RAMSAR wetland?

A

International treaty dedicated to the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands with global importance

34
Q

What is a secondary forest?

A

Regenerated or replanted forest

35
Q

What is selective logging?

A

The removal f large, valuable trees leaving some of the forest intact

36
Q

What is a strip mining?

A

The digging of large holes in the ground to extract ores and minerals that are close to the surface

37
Q

What is sustainable management?

A

Meeting the needs of people now and in the future, and limiting harm to the environment

38
Q

What is tar sands?

A

Sediment that is mixed with oil, can be mines to extract oil to be used as fuel

39
Q

What are UNESCO World Heritage Sites?

A

A natural or man- made site that is protected because of their global importance

40
Q

What is Wilderness?

A

Isolated, hard-to-reach places with little human interference or settlement

41
Q

What is a wildfire?

A

Uncontrolled burning through forest, grassland or scrub. Such fires can ‘jump’ roads and rivers and travel at high speeds

GCSE Edecel B Geography (8 decks)

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