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Science > Forces In Earths Crust > Flashcards

Forces In Earths Crust Flashcards

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1
Q

Which type of stress causes the crust to become thinner?

A

Tension

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2
Q

What are the three types of stress that occur in Earth’s crust?

A

Tension
Compression
Shearing

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3
Q

Any force that acts on a rock to change its shape or volume

A

Stress

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4
Q

Pulls on the crust, stretching rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle

A

Tension

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5
Q

Squeezes rock until it folds of breaks

A

Compression

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6
Q

Pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions

A

Shearing

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7
Q

A fault in which one part of the rock is above another part and slips downward when movement occurs

A

Normal fault

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8
Q

The block of rock that lies above the fault

A

Hanging wall

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9
Q

The rock that lies below a fault

A

Footwall

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10
Q

Has the same structure as a normal fault but blocks move in opposite directions

A

Reverse fault

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11
Q

The rock on either side of the fault slip past each other sideways with little up and down motion

A

Strike-slip fault

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12
Q

Rock that bends upward into an arch

A

Anticline

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13
Q

A fold in rock that bends downward to form a valley

A

Syncline

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14
Q

A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level

A

Plateau

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15
Q

What is the effect of tension?

A

Rock becomes thinner in the middle

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16
Q

What is the effect of compression?

A

Rock folds of breaks

17
Q

What is the effect of shearing?

A

Rock breaks and slips or changes shape

18
Q

A break in earths crust

A

Fault

19
Q

The hanging wall slides up and over the Footwall

A

Reverse fault

20
Q

There is little up and down motion

A

Strike-slip fault

21
Q

The hanging wall slips downward below the Footwall

A

Normal fault

22
Q

A strike slip fault that forms the boundary between two plates is what type of boundary?

A

Transform boundary

23
Q

What two types of faults can result in mountains?

A

Normal and reverse, both have vertical movement that can push up rock

24
Q

What is an example of a reverse fault?

A

Rocky Mountains

25
Q

What is an example of a strike-skip fault?

A

San Andreas fault

26
Q

What is an example of a normal fault?

A

Rio Grande Rift Valley

27
Q

Parallel ridges and valleys

A

Folded mountains

28
Q

How is a fault-block mountain created?

A

By two normal faults

29
Q

What are examples of mountain ranges created by faults?

A

Alps, Himalayas, Appalachian

30
Q

Why do faults often occur along plate boundaries?

A

The force of plate motion push or pull the crust so much that the crust breaks

31
Q

What are three landforms created by compression in the crust?

A

Mountains, volcanoes, plateaus

Science (6 decks)

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