Forces Between Molecules

Question 1

What are the 3 types of intermolecular forces?

Answer 1

1) Induced dipole-dipole/van der Waals forces
2) Permanent dipole-dipole forces
3) Hydrogen bonding

Question 2

When does an instantaneous dipole occur?

Answer 2

When more electrons are at one end of the molecule than the other

Question 3

What can a temporary dipole cause?

Answer 3

Another temporary dipole in opposite direction on neighbouring atom
The 2 dipoles are then attracted to each other

Question 4

How do larger molecules affect electron clouds?

Answer 4

Larger electron clouds = stronger van der Waals forces

Question 5

When does hydrogen bonding only happen?

Answer 5

When hydrogen is covalently bonded to fluorine, nitrogen or oxygen

Question 6

Effect of hydrogen bonding on properties of substances

Answer 6

More energy needed to break hydrogen bonds - higher boiling & melting points

Question 7

Intermolecular

Answer 7

Between molecules

Question 8

Intramolecular

Answer 8

Within molecule

Question 9

What are the 3 types of interaction?

Answer 9

Permanent - permanent dipole
Permanent - induced dipole
Instantaneous - induced dipole

Question 10

What factors affect instantaneous - induced dipole intermolecular forces?

Answer 10

Atom or molecule size
Molecular shape

Question 11

What intermolecular forces does every molecule have?

Answer 11

Instantaneous induced

Question 12

If a molecule contains permanent permanent, what does it also contain?

Answer 12

Permanent induced

Question 13

Draw hydrogen bonding between 2 waters

Answer 13

Google doc

Question 14

What atom becomes δ+?

Answer 14

The less electronegative atom

Question 15

What atom becomes δ-?

Answer 15

The more electronegative atom

Question 16

What type of molecule has a permanent dipole?

Answer 16

Polar molecules

Question 17

Permanent dipoles are stronger than?

Answer 17

Induced dipoles