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Science Year 2 > Forces and Energy > Flashcards

Forces and Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a earthquake

A

Movement in earths Tectonic Plates resulting in large amounts of energy releases

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2
Q

What are the effects of an earthquake on earths surface

A

Tremors and Fissures
Land slips
Avalanches

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3
Q

What are typhoons

A

strong wind and heavy wind causing flooding. Wind can reach 200 km/h

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4
Q

How do typhoons affect earth crust

A

Strong gusty wind
Floods

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5
Q

What are volcanic eruptions

A

Large amounts of energy released from earth as heat, light and kinetic energy of the magma

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6
Q

What does volcanic eruption do to the earths surface

A

eruption of magma
Deposition of debris caused by magma

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7
Q

What is a force

A

A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the objects interaction with another object.

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8
Q

What is the force SI unit

A

N [ newtons ] all caps

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9
Q

Tell me the equation of weight

A

Weight = mass x speed caused by gravity

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10
Q

What is gravitational force

A

it is the force exerted by a planet on an object. Known as the weight of the object

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11
Q

Is gravitational force a contact force or non contact

A

Non contact because gravitational force still pulls objects towards the centre of the earth without the need of physical contact

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12
Q

So what is weight

A

it is the amount of gravitational force acting on our body

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13
Q

So when we are bigger in size why are we heavier?

A

There is more surface area of our body coming into contact with gravitational force causing gravitational force to act on us more.

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14
Q

What is magnetic force

A

Push or pull force exerted by a magnet only

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15
Q

Is magnetic force contact or non contact

A

Non contact as he magnets need not touch in order for a push and pull force to be exerted. The push and pull force is produced but not needed in order to produce a force

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16
Q

What is contact force

A

Forces that result when two interacting objects are perceived to be physically contacting each other.

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17
Q

What is a non contact force

A

Forces that occurs even when two objects are not in physical contact with one another

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18
Q

What is electrostatic force

A

Force that exists between charged particles specifically ions

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19
Q

Is electrostatic force contact or non contact

A

Non contact as force is exerted even if there is no physical contact between two object

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20
Q

What is frictional force

A

force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an attempt to move across it

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21
Q

Is frictional force a contact force or non contact

A

Contact as it force is exerted by the surface when an object moves across a surface or attempts too causing object and surface to be in physical contact

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22
Q

What is tension Force

A

Force transmitted through a string rope or cable or wire when it is pulled tightly by forces at opposite ends in the opposite direction

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23
Q

Is tension force contact or non contact

A

Contact force as the string wire or cable needs to be pulled pr stretched in the opposite direction by forces on opposite ends

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24
Q

Spring force

A

Exerted by any compressed or stretched spring when a object is attached to it

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25
Q

Is spring force contact or non contact

A

spring force is contact as an object needs to be upon the spring and in contact in order for spring to be stretched or pulled.

26
Q

What is drag force

A

It is a special type of frictional force that acts upon objects which move through the fluid

27
Q

Is drag force contact or non contact

A

It is a contact force as it takes place only when the object goes through fluid which causes physical contact in order for drag force to occur

28
Q

What is normal/contact force

A

Support force exerted upon any object coming into contact with another STABLE object to prevent objects passing through each other

29
Q

Is normal force a contact or non contact force

A

Normal force is a contact force as it is a support force exerted upon an object coming into contact with another object to prevent the object passing through

30
Q

What effect does force have on size or shape of an object

A

Force applied can change the size or/and shape of an object

31
Q

What effect does force have on motion

A

Force applied can change the direction or how an object moves

32
Q

What is the turning effect

A

Force applied can change how an object turns about a fixed point or axis

33
Q

What effect does force have on pressure

A

Force applied can change the pressure acting across an area

34
Q

What does effect of forces on motion do?

A
  1. Moves stationary object
  2. Change speed of object
  3. Change direction of object
  4. Stop a moving object
35
Q

What is the definition of the Turning effect

A

The ability to make something turn

36
Q

How does turning effect help us

A

It helps carry out actions requiring the turning or twisting of objects. Example taking lid of a jar

37
Q

What are the factors affecting urning effect

A
  1. Force applied
  2. Distance of application of force to pivot
38
Q

How can a larger turning effect be applied

A
  1. Applying force at a further distance from pivot [ like holding the wrench at the edge not the mouth ]
  2. Applying large amount of force
39
Q

What is pressure? Define it

A

It is defined as the force acting per unit area

40
Q

What is the formula of pressure

A

Pressure = force divide by area of where force is acting

41
Q

What is SI unit of pressure

A

Nm^2 OR Pa

42
Q

Why is a sharp knife easer to cut with

A

This is because the sharp side of the knife has a very small surface area causing all the pressure to be channeled over there as there is no space to spread, which will be exerted on object being cut, in great amounts due to small surface area making the small area exert a lot of pressure.

43
Q

Why is blunt knife hard to cut with

A

Blunt knife has a greater surface area causing pressure to spread out and the pressure exerted by knife to be quite less

44
Q

Why is it good to hae smaller surface area for pressure

A

Force is channeled directly to the small area and since it has no place to spread it is exerted out causing force to be great

45
Q

Why is it bad to have a great surface area for pressure

A

Pressure is distributed across the object causing force exerted to be lesser

46
Q

What is the definition of energy

A

It is the capacity to do work and is required to do work. Enables particles to do work

47
Q

Energy SI unit

A

SI unit is Joules [ J ]

48
Q

Energy examples

A
  1. Thermal = heat
  2. Kinetic = motion
  3. Potential = chemical [ food ] elastic [ rubber band ] gravitational
  4. Sound = gas molecules vibrating
  5. Electrical = movement of electrically charged particles
  6. Light energy = lets us live
49
Q

What is the definition of work done?

A

Work done by a constant force on an object is given by the product of the force and the distance moved by object in direction of force

50
Q

What is the formula of work done

A

Work done [ J ] = force [ N ] x Perpendicular distance moved in direction of force [ M ]

51
Q

How do u know when is work done?

A

Work is done only when force is applied on the object and it moves.

Object must move in the same direction as applied force

52
Q

What is the definition of gravitational potential energy

A

Energy which a body possesses because of its position relative to the ground.

53
Q

What is gravitational potential energy formula

A

GPE = mass x gravitational field strength x height

54
Q

What is the definition of kinetic energy

A

It is the energy possessed by object due to motion

55
Q

Kinetic Energy formula

A

Ke = 1/2 x mass x speed

56
Q

Does moving body have kinetic energy?

A

ALL moving body has kinetic energy. When a force moves an object, it does work and the object gains kinetic energy

57
Q

What is the definition of conversion

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be transferred or converted, which means total amount of energy remains the same at all times

58
Q

Example of conversion

A

If 100J of heat energy is converted to light energy

There will still be 100J light energy. Total amount of energy doesn’t change

59
Q

What are tsunamis

A

Force caused by violent movement of ocean floor due to underwater earthquakes or explosions

60
Q

What do tsunamis cause

A

Huge waves
Erosion and landslide
Floods

Science Year 2 (5 decks)

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