Foot/Ankle - Muscles

Question 1

Gastrocnemius

Answer 1

• Calf region
• Originates from 2 head of femur (lateral and medial)
• Inserts into the achilles tendon
• Plantar flexion, flexion at the knee joint

Question 2

Soleus

Answer 2

• Calf region works alongside gastrocnemius
• Originates from posterior surface of upper third of fibula
• Inserts into calcaneus bone through achilles tendon
• Assits in plantar flexion, maintain posture, stability

Question 3

Peroneus Longus

Answer 3

• Outer side of lower leg
• Originates from head and upper two thirds of fibula
• Inserts into first metatarsal and medial cuneiform bone
• Eversion, plantar flexion, stability

Question 4

Peroneus Brevis

Answer 4

• Outer side of lower legs
• Originates from lower two thirds of fibula lateral side
• Inserts onto base of 5th metatarsal
• Eversion, plantar flexion, stability

Question 5

Tibialis Anterior

Answer 5

• Front of lower leg
• Originates from upper two thirds of lateral tibia
• Inserts onto medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
• Dorsiflexion, inversion

Question 6

Tibialis Posterior

Answer 6

• Back of lower leg
• Originates from interosseous membrane (fibrous tissue connects tibia and fibula)
• Inserts onto navicular, cuneiform and base of 2nd, 3rd, 4th metatarsal
• Maintaining arch of foot, helps with inversion, plantar flexion, stability

Question 7

Extensor Hallucus Longus

Answer 7

• Front of lower leg
• Originates from middle third of fibula
• Inserts onto base of distal phalanx of big toe
• Extending and lifting big toe

Question 8

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Answer 8

• Front of lower leg
• Originates from lateral condyle of tibia
• Inserts onto middle and distal phalanges of 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th toes
• Extending and lifting 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th toes, helps with dorsiflexion

Question 9

Flexor Hallucus Longus

Answer 9

• Back of lower leg
• Originates from Posterior surface of fibula bone
• Inserts onto base of distal phalanx of big toe
• Flex and curl big toe downwards

Question 10

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Answer 10

• Lower leg
• Originates from posterior surface of tibia bone (middle half)
• Inserts onto plantar surface of distal phalanges of toes 2-5
• Dorsiflex toes 2-5, gripping ground