Foot

Question 1

What does the talus articulate with?

Answer 1

tibia/fibula
calcaneus
navicular

Question 2

what does the calcaneous articulate with?

Answer 2

talus

cuboid

Question 3

what is the purpose of the plantar aponeurosis

Answer 3

Slips from central part of fascia go deep superiorly to form three compartments on sole of foot
Holds parts of foot together
Helps to protect plantar surface of foot from injury
Helps support longitudinal arches of foot

Question 4

what is the purpose of the superficial fascia

Answer 4

the fibrous septa with fat over heel and metatarsal surface to provide shock absorption

Question 5

what is the deep fascia continuous with

Answer 5

inferior extensor retinaculum and plantar fascia

Question 6

how many bands does the fascia divide into

Answer 6

5 bands

Question 7

the integrity and strength of the arch of the foot is due to …

Answer 7

shape of the bones (interlocking bony structure)
strength of the plantar ligaments and planter aponeurosis (bears most of load in maintaining arch)
slings formed by tendons of the long muscle of the leg
muscles of the sole of the foot

Question 8

what makes up the hind foot

Answer 8

talus and calcaneus

Question 9

what makes up the ankle

Answer 9

tibia, fibula, and talus

Question 10

name the extrinsic dorsal muscles (5)

Answer 10

Anterior tibialis
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Peroneus tertius
Peroneus brevis

Question 11

name the intrinsic dorsal muscles (2)

Answer 11

extensor hallucis brevis

extensor digitorum brevis

Question 12

what nerve supplies the intrinsic dorsal muscles

Answer 12

deep fibular nerve

Question 13

what is the function of the extensor hallucis brevis

Answer 13

helps extend proximal phalanx of the great toe

Question 14

what is the function of the extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 14

helps extend proximal phalanges of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th toes

Question 15

which muscles help to maintain plantar arches

Answer 15

ALL of these muscles

Question 16

which muscles are included in the intrinsic plantar first layer

Answer 16

abductor hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis
abductor digiti minimi

Question 17

which muscles are included in the extrinsic plantar second layer

Answer 17

flexor hallucis longus

flexor digitorum longus

Question 18

which muscles are included in the intrinsic plantar second layer

Answer 18

quadrates plantae

lumbricals (1-4)

Question 19

which muscles are included in the intrinsic plantar third layer

Answer 19

flexor hallucis brevis
adductor hallucis
flexor digiti minimi

Question 20

which muscles are included in the extrinsic plantar fourth layer

Answer 20

fibularis longus

tibialis posterior

Question 21

what are the 5 bones of the mid foot

Answer 21

navicular
cuboid
3 cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral)

Question 22

which muscles are included in the intrinsic plantar fourth layer

Answer 22

plantar interossei (3)
dorsal interossei (4)

Question 23

what does the medial calcaneal nerve supply

Answer 23

branch off of tibial nerve that supplies sensation to skin on plantar aspect of heel

Question 24

what does the medial plantar nerve supply

Answer 24

sensation (3 branches) - sensation to medial 3 1/2 digits (plantar surface)

motor to ABductor hallucis, FDB, FHB< and most medial lumbricals

Question 25

what are the two branches of the lateral plantar nerve

Answer 25

superficial and deep

Question 26

what does the superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve supply

Answer 26

Sensation to lateral 1 ½ digits- plantar surface Motor to Quadratus Plantae, Abductor Digiti Minimi, Flexor Digiti Minimi

Question 27

what does the superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve supply

Answer 27

Motor to Plantar Interossei, Dorsal Interossei, lateral three Lumbricals, Adductor Hallucis

Question 28

what is Mortons neuroma

Answer 28

sensory branches of MPN and LPN unite b/w 3d and 4th toes b/w metatarsal heads - can become inflamed/painful

Question 29

what does the deep fibular nerve supply

Answer 29

Sensation- skin between the 1st and 2nd toe Motor to Extensor Digitorum Brevis and Extensor Hallucis Brevis (in foot) Tibialis Anterior, EHL, EDL, Peroneus Tertius (all in leg)

Question 30

what does the superficial fibular nerve supply

Answer 30

Sensation- anterior distal leg Dorsum of foot and toes except lateral side of 5th toe (LPN superficial branch), and between 1st and 2nd toes (Deep Peroneal Nerve) Motor to Peroneus Longus and Peroneus Brevis (both in leg)

Question 31

what does the sural nerve supply

Answer 31

skin of lateral foot

Question 32

what does the saphenous nerve supply

Answer 32

supplies the skin of the medial side of the foot reaching distally towards the 1st MTP joint

Question 33

what does the deep fibular nerve supply

Answer 33

dorsal skin between the great and second toe

Question 34

what does the superficial fibular nerve supply

Answer 34

most of the skin on the dorsal of the foot

Question 35

what does the superficial branch of LPN supply

Answer 35

lateral plantar surface and plantar surface of lateral 1 1/2 toes

Question 36

what does the MPN supply

Answer 36

medial plantar surface and plantar surface of medial 3 1/2 toes

Question 37

what does the medial calcaneal nerve supply

Answer 37

plantar surface of the heel

Question 38

what artery runs between the EHL and EDL

Answer 38

dorsalis pedis artery

Question 39

which artery passes deep to extensor retinaculum to become the dorsalis pedis

Answer 39

anterior tibial artery

Question 40

which branch of the dorsalis pedis artery tuns laterally deep to EDB and anastomoses with arcuate artery

Answer 40

lateral tarsal artery

Question 41

which branch of the dorsal pedis artery passes through 1st interosseous space to join lateral plantar artery to form deep plantar arch

Answer 41

deep plantar artery

Question 42

which branch of the dorsalis pedis runs laterally on dorsum and gives rise to dorsal digital arteries

Answer 42

arcuate artery

Question 43

which artery passes deep to flexor retinaculum posterior to medial malleolus and terminates distal to adductor hallucis as medial and lateral plantar arteries

Answer 43

posterior tibial artery

Question 44

what smaller branch of posterior tibial artery supplies muscles of the great toe and contributes to deep plantar arch

Answer 44

medial plantar artery

Question 45

which artery is larger than medial plantar artery and forms the deep plantar arch with deep plantar artery

Answer 45

lateral plantar artery

Question 46

which vein begins in the foot, ascends anterior to medial malleolus into leg

Answer 46

greater saphenous vein

Question 47

name the superficial veins in posterior aspect that merge in posterior leg

Answer 47

lesser saphenous vein

Question 48

do you have better fine motor control of hands or feet

Answer 48

hands

Question 49

how many layers of plantar muscles are there

Answer 49

four