Anteromedial Hip & Thigh Flashcards by Brooke Harris

only quadriceps muscle to cross the hip joint

rectus femoris

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where do the hamstrings attach to the pelvis?

ischial tuberosity

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major parts of the pelvis

ilium
ischium
pubis
sacrum
coccyx
acetabulum

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superficial fascia of the thigh

tela subcutanea

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superficial fascia of the thigh (tela subcutanea) is continuous with:

inferior anterolateral abdominal wall and buttock

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dense, thick layer of connective tissue between subcutaneous tissue and muscles

deep fascia of the thigh - fascia lata

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forms fibrous septa that separate muscles and also surrounds them

fascia lata

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conjoint aponeurosis of tensor of fascia lata and gluteus maximus

iliotibial tract

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what innervates the iliacus

Femoral nerve – L2, L3

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what innervates the psoas major

ventral rami of L1, L2, L3

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what innervates the sartorius

Femoral nerve – L2, L3

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what innervates the rectus femoris

Femoral nerve – L2, L3, L4

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what innervates the quadriceps muscles

Femoral nerve – L2, L3

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which muscles make up the quadriceps

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
vastus medialis

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what innervates the articularis genu

femoral nerve - L2, L3

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attachments of the iliacus

Origin: Iliac fossa
Insertion: Lesser trochanter

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attachments of the psoas major

Origin: Transverse processes of L1-L5, sides of T12-L5 and discs between them
Insertion: Lesser trochanter

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attachments of the sartorius

Origin: ASIS
Insertion: tibia

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attachments of the rectus femoris

Origin: Straight head – AIIS; reflected head – ilium just superior to acetabulum
Insertion: base of patella and by ligament to tibial tuberosity

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attachments of the vastus lateralis

Origin: greater trochanter, lateral lip of linea aspera
Insertion: most into lateral patella and quadriceps tendon; some pass laterally to patella as lateral retinaculum

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attachments of the vastus intermedius

Origin: femoral shaft, lateral intermuscular septum
Insertion: quadriceps tendon to patella

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attachments of the vastus medialis

Origin: Intertrochanteric line & medial lip of linea aspera of femur
Insertion: most into medial patella and quad tendon; some passes medial to patella as medial retinaculum

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actions of the iliacus

Flex thigh at hip
Can influence posture of pelvis in weight bearing
Weak external rotation/abduction of hip

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actions of the psoas major

Flex thigh at hip
Weak hip abductor/external rotator
Can have influence on posture of pelvis in weight bearing

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actions of the sartorius

Flexes, abducts, and laterally (externally) rotates thigh at hip Flexes leg at knee joint *Not a prime mover – assists

actions of the quadriceps muscles

extend leg at knee | rectus femoris is also a weak hip flexor

helps keep patella from tracking laterally

vastus medialis

function of articularis genu

pulls on synovial capsule to prevent pinching of synovium during knee extension

attachments of the pectineus

Origin: Superior ramus of pubis Insertion: Pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter

innervation of pectineus

femoral nerve - L2, L3

action of pectineus

Adduct and flex thigh | Assist with medial rotation

attachments of adductor longus

Origin: Body of pubis inferior to iliac crest Insertion: Middle 1/3 of linear aspera of femur

innervation of adductor longus

obturator nerve, anterior division - L2, L3, L4

action of adductor longus

adduct, flex, and internally rotate thigh

attachments of adductor brevis

Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur

innervation of adductor brevis

obturator nerve, anterior division - L2, L3, L4

action of adductor brevis

adduct thigh | some thigh flexion

attachments of adductor part of adductor magnus

Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line

innervation of adductor part of adductor magnus

Obturator nerve, posterior division – L2, L3, L4

actions of adductor part of adductor magnus

adduct, flex, and internally rotate thigh at hip

attachments of hamstrings part of adductor magnus

Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Adductor tubercle of femur

innervation of hamstrings part of adductor magnus

Tibial part of sciatic nerve – L4

action of hamstrings part of adductor magnus

extend thigh

action of adductor + hamstrings parts of adductor magnus

adduct thigh

attachments of gracilis

Origin: Body of inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: Superior part of medial surface of tibia

innervation of gracilis

Obturator nerve, anterior division – L2, L3

action of gracilis

Adduct thigh Flex leg Help rotate leg medially

attachments of obturator externus

Origin: Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane Insertion: Trochanteric fossa of femur

innervation of obturator externus

Obturator nerve, posterior division – L3, L4

actions of obturator externus

Laterally (externally) rotate thigh | Steady head of femur in acetabulum

cutaneous nerve that innervates the skin over the medial femoral triangle

ilioinguinal nerve

cutaneous nerve that innervates the skin of the middle part of medial thigh

obturator nerve (cutaneous branch)

cutaneous nerve that innervates the skin over the distal half of the medial thigh (medial group)

anterior femoral cutaneous branches

the obturator artery is a branch of:

internal iliac artery

deep femoral artery is a branch of:

femoral artery

contents of femoral triangle

``` femoral artery femoral vein femoral nerve deep femoral artery deep femoral vein inguinal lymph nodes ```

contents of the femoral sheath

lateral to medial: femoral artery femoral vein space that is femoral canal

contents of the adductor canal (subsartorial)

femoral artery femoral vein saphenous nerves nerve to vastus medialis

artery that goes to the head of the femur

acetabular branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery

nerve most likely to be damaged with a posterior hip dislocation

sciatic nerve

what nerve and artery are most likely to be damaged with a posterior knee dislocation

popliteal artery | tibial nerve

fascia that separates compartments of the thigh

intermuscular septum

parts of the ilium

``` body ASIS crest/tubercle PSIS gluteal lines iliac fossa auricular surface ```

parts of the ischium

``` body ramus greater sciatic notch ischial spine lesser sciatic notch ischial tuberosity ```

parts of the pubis

``` body pubic pubic crest pubic tubercles superior ramus inferior ramus obturator foramen ```

parts of the sacrum

``` sacral canal sacral foramina base pelvic surface dorsal surface - sacral crests sacral hiatus sacral cornu auricular surface ```

parts of the acetabulum

articular surface acetabular notch acetabular fossa