Foot

Question 1

Subtalar joint

AP calcaneous

Answer 1

Prone lying 90° flexion therapist leg supporting patiens leg

put foot in dorsiflexion to lock talus into ankle mortise

Bottom hand- cup posterior tibia fibula and talus both maleolli

Upper hand- heel of hand pushing heel of foot forearm resting on foot equal and opposite force

Leg behind patients leg for support

Question 2

Subtalar joint

PA calcaneous

Answer 2

Prone lying 90° flexion

Bottom hand cup anterior tibia fibula talus

Upper hand- heel of hand posterior calcareous at the heel equal and opposite pressure

Question 3

Subtalar joint

Lateral calcaneous

Answer 3

Model side lying hip and knees flexed with leg flat out on plinth and foot hanging over plinth- foot turned out

Passively dorsi flex foot moving talus into mortise using thigh

One Hand grip posterior just distal to malleoli garsping tib anf fib then heel of other hand medial calcaneous and push towards floor

Question 4

Subtalar joint

medial calcaneous

Answer 4

Model side lying hip and knees flexed with leg flat out on plinth and foot hanging over plinth- foot turned out

Pillow inbetween legs

One hand grip just below malleoli put foot into slight dorsiflexion with thigh this puts talus into mortise and other hand on medial surface of calcaneous push towards floor

Question 5

Midtarsal medial and lateral rotation

Answer 5

Patient prone
Knee flex 90°

Bed mid thigh height

Therapist on affected side places leg on the bed to stabilise patient’s knees

Therapist grasps around the soul of the calcaneus and medial/lateral aspects of talus to fix this area other hand grasps around Naviculocuboid

Both medial and lateral rotation can be performed useful on assessment and graded treatment technique

Question 6

Metatarsalphalangeal joint

AP

Answer 6

Supine lying foot hanging over plinth

One thumb distal 1st metatarsal other thumb (nail 2 nail) over 1st phalanx push downward

Question 7

Metatarsalphalangeal joint

PA

Answer 7

Prone 90° flexion

Thumbs (nail 2 nail) one thumb 1st metatarsal other thumb pushes 1st phalanx towards the floor

Question 8

Interphalangeal joint

AP

Answer 8

Supine

Thumb nail to nail at joint line big toe push with most distal thumb towards floor

Question 9

Interphalangeal joint

PA

Answer 9

Prone 90° flexion

Thumb nail to thumb nail big toe joint line push with most distal towards floor

Question 10

Improve dorsiflexion talocrural

Answer 10

AP talus

Concave convex rule

Question 11

Improve plantar flexion talocural

Answer 11

PA talus

Concave convex rule

Question 12

Improve foot eversion - subtalar midtarsal

Answer 12

Lateral calcaneous

Concave convex rule- less obvious

Question 13

Improve foot inversion- subtalar midtarsal

Answer 13

Medial calcaneous glide

Concave convex rule- less obvious

Question 14

Improve MTP flexion

Answer 14

AP

Question 15

Improve MTP extension

Answer 15

PA

Question 16

Improve IP flexion

Answer 16

AP

Question 17

Improve IP extension

Answer 17

PA