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Lower Extremity > Foot > Flashcards

Foot Flashcards

1
Q

___ tarsal bones

A

7

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2
Q

____ phalanges

A

14

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3
Q

Rearfoot

A

talus

calcaneus

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4
Q

Midfoot

A

navicular
cuboid
cuneiforms
transverse tarsal joints

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5
Q

forefoot

A 
metatarsals
phalanges
TMT
intermetatarsal
MTP
IP
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6
Q

fundamental movements of the foot occur

A

cardinal planes perpendicular to conventional axes of rotation

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7
Q

the fundamental movements of the foot are

A

plantar/dorsiflexion
AB/ADduction
Inversion/Eversion

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8
Q

Applied movements of the foot are

A

movements that occur ar right angles to oblique axis of rotation that change by joint

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9
Q

the two applied movements are

A

supination and pronation

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10
Q

pronation is

A

eversion
aBduction
dorsiflexion

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11
Q

supination is

A

inversion
ADDuction
plantarflexion

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12
Q

subtalar joint is comprised of

A

three articular facets on inferior surface of talus and three on calcareous

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13
Q

this joint is primarily for the motions of

A

eversion and ABduction

Inversion and ADDuction

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14
Q

Tarsal Sinus/canal is found

A

plantar surface of the talus

dorsal surface of the calcaneus

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15
Q

the tarsal sinus divides the subtalar joint into

A

anterior and posterior cavity

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16
Q

the anterior cavity has

A

anterior and middle articular facets and share a common synovial joint capsule

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17
Q

the posterior cavity contains

A

posterior facets and has its own synovial cavity

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18
Q

what nerve supplies the subtalar joint?

A

branches of Deep fibular n.

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19
Q

subtalar joint is reinforced by what ligaments

A

Medial talocalcaneal
Lateral talocalcaneal
posterior talocalcanel

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20
Q

what other ligaments cross the subtalar joint

A

MCL and LCL of the ankle

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21
Q

The Subtalar joint is also reinforced by an extremely strong

A

interoseeous talocalcaneal ligament

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22
Q

this ligament lies within the

and runs from

A

tarsal sinus

sulcus tali to sulcus calcanei

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23
Q

this ligament binds ____

and is critical for ____

A

the two bones of the subtalar joint and is critical for subtalar stability

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24
Q

this ligaments limits

A

extreme of subtalar in all directions

EVERSION

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25
Q

____ is associated with injury to the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament

A

Sinus Tarsi syndrome

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26
Q

this ligament also lies within the tarsal sinus

A

cervical ligament

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27
Q

the cervical ligament attaches more

A

laterally from the calcaneal sulcus to inferior-lateral neck of the talus

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28
Q

cervical ligament resists

A

INVERSION

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29
Q

Metatarsus is the

A

midfoot

30
Q

what kind of joints is the metatarsus

A

intertarsal joints

31
Q

it provides

A

pronation and supination

32
Q

these joints include:

A

subtalar

transverse tarsal joints

33
Q

the transverse tarsal joints are the:

A

talocalcaneonavicular joint

calcaneocuboid joint

34
Q

pronation and supination of the mid foot involve

A

rotation of the forefoot relative to the hindfoot

35
Q

pronation and supination of the subtalar involves

A

movement of calcareous relative to the talus

36
Q

Talocalcaneonavicular joint (TCNJ) is a

A

complex synovial joint

37
Q

between the

A

head of the talus and the posterior navicular

38
Q

the Calcaneocuboid joint is a

A

plane synovial joint between anterior calcaneus and posterior cuboid

39
Q

this joint is the most versatile foot joints providing full supination and pronation

A

transverse tarsal joints

40
Q

spring ligament is

A

plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

41
Q

ligaments that reinforce the transverse tarsal joints are:

A

talonavicular lig (dorsum)
bifurcate ligament
MCL
plantar calcaneonavicular lig

42
Q

which is the most important ligamentous support for the TCNJ

A

plantar calcaneonavicular lig (spring)

43
Q

the spring lig runs from

A

sustentaculum tali to the navicular tubercle

44
Q

Calcaneocuboid joint is reinforced by

A

bifurcate ligament
dorsal calcaneocuboid lig
plantar calcaneoucuboid lig

45
Q

the plantar ligaments of the transverse tarsal joint are:

A

plantar calcaneonavicular joint

plantar calcaenocuboid ligament

46
Q

unloaded foot pronation and supination occur

A

summatively across both the rear foot and the midfoot

47
Q

active supination is driven by

A

tibialis posterior

48
Q

active supination arthokin

A

spin of the navicular about the convex talar head

49
Q

active pronation is driven primarily by

A

fibularis longus

50
Q

active pronation arthrokin

A

spin of the medial cuneiform about the navicular

51
Q

Tarsometatarsl joints are

A

TMT

plane synovial joints

52
Q

they are positioned

A

between the mid foot and forefoot

53
Q

they allow for

A

limited gliding/sliding and pronation/supination

54
Q

the joints also enable

A

the foot to conform to irregular surfaces

55
Q

they are reinforced by

A

dorsal,plantar, and interosseous ligaments

56
Q

which TMT joint has the greatest range of motion

A

1 MTM between 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
flexion/extension
some rotation

57
Q

MTP joints are what kind of joints

A

condyloid synovial joints

58
Q

the MTP provide ___ motions

A

plantarflexion/dorsiflexion and AB/ADuction

59
Q

these joint primarily function to enable the foot to act

A

as a hinge at the toes during heel rise

60
Q

these limit hyperextension at the IP joints

A

volar plates

61
Q

the bones of the foot form

A

longitudinal and transverse arches

62
Q

the arches of the foot

A

spread the weight of throughout the foot

act as shock absorber

63
Q

medial longitudianl arch is composed of

A 
calcaenus
talus
navicular
3 cuneiforms
3 medial metatarsals
64
Q

the keystone is

A

talus

65
Q

lateral longitudinal arch composed of

A

calcaneus
cuboid
lateral 2 metatarsals

66
Q

transverse arch is composed of

A

cuboid
3 cuneiforms
bases of the 5 metatarsals

67
Q

the ______ maintains the transverse arch

A

wedge shape of the 2nd and 3rd cuneiforms

and base of metatarsals

68
Q

plantar ligaments of the arches

A

plantar aponeurosis
long plantar ligament
short plantar ligament
plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

69
Q

primary ligaments supporting the arches

A

long plantar
short plantar
plantar calcaenonavicular

70
Q

____ supports the lateral arch

A

fibularis longus

71
Q

____ & _____ support the medial arch

A

tibialis anterior and posterior

72
Q

Medial ligaments of the Talocural joint

A

posterior tibiotalar
anterior tibiotalar
tibiocalcaneal
tibionavicular

Lower Extremity (7 decks)

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