Food realted causes of ill health Flashcards
What are microbes
Tiny plants and animals
Oftern called micro-organisms
So small, you can only see them clearly undera microscope
Name microbes?
Bacteria
Moulds
Yeasts
Where are microbes found?
Air, water, food, food packaging
What do microbes do to food?
They live on or in food, where they grow and multiply
They make the food unsafe to eat
If the food is stored handled, perpared and cooked peoperly, microbes can stop growing
What makes microbes multiply?
The right temperature
Food to eat
Time to grow
The right amount of acid and alkali
Why do microbes make food unsafe to eat?
They put poisons into the food
If people eat these they will have food poisoning
What microbes are good and used for food production?
Some bacteria is used to make yogurt
Yeast is used to make bread
Some moulds are used to make cheese
What are bad microbes called?
Pathogenic microbes
How to stop cross-contamination?
Washing hands before handling food
Keeping raw and cooked foods seperate
Using colour-coded boards and knives
How to stop microbes making foods unsafe?
Cook food to a high temperature (at least 70 C) which kills microbes
Cool food to a low temperature (0-5 C in a frudge). Microbes will grow very slowly
Freeze food (-18 to -22 C)
Dry food by taking out moisture
Cover food and store corectly
Preserve food in acid, salt or sugar
What is food poisoning?
A common and nasty illness that can lead to serious health problems
What causes food poisoning?
Harmful (pathogenic) bacteria
What are the physical symptoms of food poisoning?
Diarrhoea
High body temperature
Vomiting
Dizziness
What are the signs of food poisoning in the body?
Headache
Weakness
Feeling cold and shivery
Bad stomach ache
Feeling sick
Do not want to eat
Aching muscles
Name types of bacteria?
Bacillus cereus
Campylobacter
E. coli (Escherichia coli)
Salmonella
Listeria
S. aureus (staphylococcus aureus
