food production

Question 1

What is ‘cura’ in relation to food?

Answer 1

Cura refers to whey, which is the liquid byproduct of cheese production.

Question 2

What are staple foods?

Answer 2

Staple foods are essential items in a diet that are consumed regularly.

Question 3

What is fortification in food?

Answer 3

Fortification is the process of enriching products with additional nutrients.

Question 4

Why are staple foods fortified?

Answer 4

Staple foods are fortified because they are consumed more frequently, increasing the likelihood of nutrient absorption.

Question 5

What nutrients are added to soya for vegans?

Answer 5

Soya is fortified with B12 and calcium for vegans.

Question 6

What nutrient is added to formula milk for infants?

Answer 6

Formula milk is fortified with vitamin D for infants.

Question 7

What is an example of a staple food enriched with nutrients?

Answer 7

Margarine is fortified with vitamin A and D to match the nutritional profile of butter.

Question 8

What nutrients are replaced in brown/white flour?

Answer 8

B vitamins are replaced in brown/white flour after processing.

Question 9

Who benefits from fortified breakfast cereals?

Answer 9

Children benefit from fortified breakfast cereals to improve their nutrient intake.

Question 10

What deficiency disorders can fortification help prevent?

Answer 10

Fortification can help prevent disorders such as anaemia and osteoporosis.

Question 11

Why might nutrients be added to food for marketing purposes?

Answer 11

Nutrients may be added to make products more attractive, such as omega-3 in bread.

Question 12

What are fat spreads important sources of?

Answer 12

Fat spreads are important sources of vitamins A and D due to mandatory fortification.

Question 13

Why are cereals and cereal products valuable sources of nutrients?

Answer 13

All flour is fortified by law, making cereals and cereal products valuable sources of nutrients for both children and adults. Many are also fortified voluntarily.

Question 14

Why are soya products and other vegan foods fortified with B12?

Answer 14

Soya products and other foods produced for vegans and vegetarians are fortified with B12 because plant-sourced foods do not contain this important nutrient.

Question 15

What nutrients are commonly added to manufactured baby and infant foods?

Answer 15

Many manufactured baby and infant foods are fortified with iron and vitamin D.

Question 16

What types of foods may be fortified with nutrients?

Answer 16

Some energy drinks and diet slimming foods are fortified with nutrients to contribute to the people who consume them.

Question 17

What can happen if products have been fortified too much?

Answer 17

Excessive fortification may lead to high levels of folic acid masking B12 deficiency and may affect the absorption of other nutrients, triggering new problems.

Question 18

What are food additives?

Answer 18

Food additives are ingredients that are sometimes added to foods during processing and production to enhance flavor, color, or to increase the product’s shelf-life.

Question 19

What is required for food additives to be safe for consumption?

Answer 19

Food additives must be given an E number before they are safe to be consumed.

Question 20

What are natural food additives?

Answer 20

Natural food additives are those taken from one food and used in another.

Question 21

What are nature identical food additives?

Answer 21

Nature identical food additives are those made artificially to be the same as a natural product.

Question 22

What are artificial food additives?

Answer 22

Artificial food additives are those synthetically made, entirely from chemicals.

Question 23

What are types of additives?

Answer 23

Additives include fruit juice, antioxidants, margarine, sauces, and oils.

Question 24

What do antioxidants do?

Answer 24

Antioxidants increase shelf life.

Question 25

What is the purpose of colors in food?

Answer 25

Colors make food look more attractive and replace colors lost during processing.

Question 26

Where are colors commonly used?

Answer 26

Colors are used in soft drinks, fruit yogurts, tinned peas, and jam.

Question 27

What are emulsifiers?

Answer 27

Emulsifiers help mix ingredients together and stop them from separating.

Question 28

Where are emulsifiers found?

Answer 28

Emulsifiers are found in ice cream and mayonnaise.

Question 29

What are gelling agents?

Answer 29

Gelling agents give food a smooth texture and gel-like consistency.

Question 30

What do gelling agents do?

Answer 30

Gelling agents thicken foods.

Question 31

What is the role of flavorings?

Answer 31

Flavorings replace flavor lost during processing.

Question 32

Where are flavorings commonly used?

Answer 32

Flavorings are used in soup and chilled meals.

Question 33

What are savory enhancers?

Answer 33

Savory enhancers intensify flavor in products and improve the taste of food.

Question 34

What are preservatives?

Answer 34

Preservatives keep food safe to eat for longer and extend shelf life.

Question 35

Where are preservatives commonly found?

Answer 35

Preservatives are found in bread, biscuits, and cured meat.

Question 36

What are sweeteners?

Answer 36

Sweeteners are used instead of or with sugar to make food sweet or sweeter.

Question 37

Where are sweeteners commonly used?

Answer 37

Sweeteners are used in soft drinks, yogurts, and desserts.

Question 38

What are the advantages of food additives?

Answer 38

1. Keep food safer for longer.
2. Put the colour back into food.
3. Provide a wider variety to choose from.
4. Improve the flavour of food.
5. Increase variety of product choice in diet.
6. Ensure food is enjoyable to eat.
7. Keep things sweet.

Question 39

What are the disadvantages of food additives?

Answer 39

1. They can make low-quality products seem better than they are.
2. They may affect some children’s behaviour.
3. They might be chemicals some people want to avoid.
4. They may cause allergic reactions.
5. They may have a negative impact on health.

Question 40

What is pasteurisation?

Answer 40

The partial sterilization of a product such as milk or wine to make it safe for consumption and improve its keeping quality.

Question 41

What is the process of pasteurisation?

Answer 41

When milk is heated to a specific temperature for a period of time to kill harmful bacteria.

Question 42

What are the steps to bread making?

Answer 42

1. Weighing and measuring.
2. Mixing.
3. Proving.
4. Shaping.
5. Baking.
6. Slicing.