Food Poisoning/Gastroenteritis Flashcards
What investigation would you use to diagnose rota or noravirus?
PCR
What is the most common cause of food poisoning in the UK?
Camplylobacter
What is the incubation peroid for campylobacter?
2-14 days
Which infections can give you blood diarrhoea?
Campylobacter Salmonella E.coli 1056 Haemolytic Ureamic Syndrome C.diff`
Which infection causes outbreaks?
Salmonella
Which infections produce toxins?
E.coli
C.diff
Which infection produces spores?
C.diff
What can cause haemolytic ureamic syndrome?
VTEC- e.coli 0157
What are they symptoms of haemolytic ureamic syndrome>
Abdo pain Fever Pallor Petechide Oliguria BLOODY DIARRHOEA
most cases are children
WHat are the key investigations for HUS?
Lactate dehydrogenase
Microbiology in a sorbitol non fermenter
What drugs should not be given in HUS?
NSAIDS
Anti motiltiy drugs
Anti biotics
What can cause a C.diff infection?
Recent trauma/surgery Antibiotica (broad spectru) PPI use Chemotherapy IDB H2 receptor antagonist use
What is the treatment for non severe c. diff infection
metronidazole
What is the treatment for rectal gonorrhoea?
Cephlasporin
What is the treament for rectal chlamidia?
Azithromycin
What is the treatment for syphillus?
Benzathen penecillin
What is the treatment for lymphgranuloma Venereum?
Doxycycline
What bacteria grows on rice and starchy food?
Bacillus cereus
Why do staph aureus and bacillus cereus have such short incubaton periods?
Preformed toxin
What is the diagnostic tool for typhoid?
Blood culture
What is the treatment for typhoid?
Chloramphenicol Ciprifloxacin Ceftriaxone Azithromycin vaccine
What is the common causes of travellers diarrhoea?
E.coli, campylobacter, salmonella, shigella
Amoebias
Giardiasis
Cryptosporidiosis
What is the general treatment for travellers diarrheoa?
Ciproflaxacin and azithromycin
What other symptoms can typhoid cause?
Encephalopathy
bone and joint infection
Give risk factors for GI infections
malnutrition closed communities contaminated food or water younger than 5 not breastfeeding, older age acid suppression immunisuppression genetics
what is diarrheoa
more than 3 UNFORMED stools/day with no other cause e.g. laxative use
what is the incubation period of bacillus cereus and what type of bacteria is it
1-6 hours gram positive bacillus
what types of food usually result in staph aureus food poisoning
creamy foods, eggs, unrefrigerated meat
bacteria associated with seafood and watery diarrheoa
vibrio non cholera
what blood results do you see in HUS
high white cells low platelets low HB red cell fragments LDH more than 1.5 times normal
complications of HUS
acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia, haemolytic anaemia
what is important to remember about HUS
must notify health protection unit of HUS or E0157
