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Collegebowl > Food Packaging > Flashcards

Food Packaging Flashcards

1
Q

What is required on meat label?

A

1) Product name (cut name)
2) Inspection legend and establishment number
3) Handling statement 4)Net weight 5)Address line (signature line)
6) Safe handling instructions
7) Ingredients statement
8) Nutrition facts

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2
Q

What are the eight USDA quality grades of beef?

A

Prime, choice, select, standard, commercial, Utility, Cutter, and Canner

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3
Q

What is the packaging material that is impermeable to gas?

A

Glass

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4
Q

The common brown grocery bag is made of what type of paper?

A

Kraft Paper

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5
Q

Which enzyme is associated with the quality of fruits and vegetables?

A

Pectin Methyl Esterase

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6
Q

What is the package material that prevents entry of microbes and gas?

A

Hermetic

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7
Q

Why is BPA being removed from plastic?

A

It’s an estrogen mimic that negatively influence sex ratios in fish and other organisms

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8
Q

When specifying the oxygen permeability of a packaging film what are the three of the five parameters that are given?

A

Film area, Temperature, Time Film Thickness, and Relative Humidity

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9
Q

Name the plastic that was used in McDonald’s clamshells before the company recently stopped using them?

A

Polystyrene (expanded)

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10
Q

Used in food packaging, what do the initials LLDPE stand for?

A

Linear low density polyethylene

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11
Q

A typical plastic milk bottle is made by a process known as:

A

Extrusion blow molding

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12
Q

Metal cans are coated with either tin or enamel. What coating should be used for high surface bearing products such as meats, fish, and beans?

A

Enamel Coating

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13
Q

A can seam defect called “cut over” is also known as what?

A

Sharp seam (a sharp fin of the cover formed over the top of the seaming chuck flange during the seaming operation)

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14
Q

A double seam consists of how many thicknesses of metal plate?

A

5 (at the juncture of the end and side of a three piece can there are 7 thicknesses)

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15
Q

Why is stannous chloride added to canned tomatoes?

A

Because people are used to the “tin taste” from the good ole days when cans were made of tin

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16
Q

Give an example of a rigid package.

A

Can

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17
Q

Give an example of a flexible package.

A

Paper Bottle plastic film, or aluminum foil,

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18
Q

The wall of a plastic container is 1/50 inch thick. How many mils thick is this?

A

20 mils

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19
Q

Describe the shapes of the two pieces used to make the typical two piece metal can for food.

A

One piece is a cylinder with a closed end and the other is a flat circle

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20
Q

Foods and other grocery store products often contain a series of line and numbers known as the products UPC code. What does UPC stand for?

A

Universal product code

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21
Q

The best corrugated flute style for stacking performance is:a. A-Flute b. B-Flute c. C-Flute d. D-Flute e. E-Flute

A

A-Flute (it is the thickest and therefore has the largest area to load)

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22
Q

What is the term for movement of a flavor compound out of the food product and into the package?

A

Sorption (or scalping or leaching)

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23
Q

What is the definition of flexible package films?

A

A thickness of .010 inches or less

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24
Q

In a canning operation, what is the juncture of the double seam and the side seam of the can called?

A

Crossover or lap

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25
Q

Give the name of the package most commonly used for UHT milk.

A

Brik pak or tetra pak

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26
Q

What are the layers of the bag-in-box bag?

A

Polyethylene/aluminum foil/ polyethylene

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27
Q

Improperly packaged frozen foods often display surface discoloration. What is this defect commonly called and what process causes the defect?

A

Freezer burn caused by dehydration

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28
Q

What is the most commonly used film for fresh meat vacuum packages?

A

PVDC (polyvinylidene dichloride)

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29
Q

Name the two pieces in a two piece can.

A

body and lid

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30
Q

Name the three pieces in a three piece can.

A

body bottom, and lid,

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31
Q

What does differential tin coating mean?

A

The thickness of tin coating is different on the inside and outside of the can

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32
Q

What toxic chemical may be found in packages made from recycled paper?

A

pcb

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33
Q

What materials are used in a retortable pouch?

A

Polyester and/or oriented polypropylene (outer) / aluminum foil/ Polypropylene

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34
Q

What chemical is used in conjunction with the heat treatment of flexible packages during aseptic packaging of foods?

A

H2O2

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35
Q

What is the strength of a tin plate measured by?

A

“Base Box”

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36
Q

Why are high-basis-weight steel cans preferred over aluminum cans for packaging of heat sterilized foods?

A

Greater strength is needed to resist the high internal vacuums that occur on cooling

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37
Q

The first FDA approved use of recycled plastic in food packaging was a program to use 25% recycled plastic in bottles containing what product?

A

Coca-Cola

38
Q

What is the common name for the US can size 603 x 700?

A

Number ten can

39
Q

The most frequently used polymers on food packaging materials are PE, PP, and PET. What do these abbreviations stand for?

A

Polyethylene polypropylene, and polyester or polyethylene terephthalate,

40
Q

What is the name that is associated with the 1889 discovery of the temperature dependence of reaction rates?

A

Arrhenius

41
Q

What is the initiation step in crystal formation?

A

Nucleation

42
Q

Name three thermal calucation parameters that can be ascertained from a TDT curve.

A

Fo, F, Z, and D,

43
Q

Name four commercial types of thermal processing .

A

Steam Retorting Pasteurization (HTST, UHT), Aseptic, Hot Fill, Frying, Flaming, Baking, Dry Oven

44
Q

Name three types of cooling procedures for fruits and vegetables.

A

Convection (blast cooling) Hydrocooling (ice bath), and Low Pressure (evaporative or vacuum cooling),

45
Q

From which type of starch is a starch sponge made?

A

Amylopectin

46
Q

What is the D value of a microorganism that is decreased in population by a factor of ten in two minutes?

A

Two

47
Q

If the D value of the critical organism is four, and the product is a high acid food, what is the F value?

A

F = 5d = 20

48
Q

If the D value of the organism is .2, and the product is a low acid food, what would the F value be?

A

F = 12d =2.4

49
Q

The thermal inactivation of microorganisms and most nutrients obey which order of reaction kinetics?

A

first Order

50
Q

During the freeze drying , water is removed by a change in state. What is this process called?

A

Sublimation

51
Q

What is the general term for a physical change in number, size, shape, orientation, or perfection of ice crystals during frozen storage?

A

Recrystalization

52
Q

Describe the meaning of a 307x 409 can.

A

It is a 3 7/16 inches in diameter and 4 9/16 inches in height.

53
Q

What is the depression below the rim of a can called?

A

Countersink

54
Q

If you wanted to keep bread from staling, which would be the best storage temperature? A. 5⁰C C. 25⁰C B. 15⁰C D. 35⁰C

A

35⁰C

55
Q

Name 3 possible causes of a false seam on a can.

A

MUSHROOMED can flange Bent can flange, Damaged or bent cover curl, Misassembly of can and cover, can not properly align at assembly, improperly filled can (Product Extending over can flange),

56
Q

What would be the approximate desirable storage temperatures of high fructose corn syrup and liquid dextrose and why are they different?

A

hFCS-90⁰f (32.2⁰c) LIQUID DEXTROSE-130⁰f (54.4⁰c), LIQUID DEXTROSE CRYSTALIZES MORE READILY THAN hfcs,

57
Q

Until a few years ago nearly all steel used for cans was coated to inhibit corrosion. What was the material used to coat the can?

A

Tin

58
Q

what are the three basic types of food packaging containers?

A

Primary secondary, and Tertiary,

59
Q

Some food packaging, such as glass bottles, can have a hermetic closure. What does the term hermetic refer to?

A

A container that is sealed completely against the ingress of gases and vapors.

60
Q

Kraft paper is commonly used as butcher wrap. What does the German word Kraft mean?

A

Strong

61
Q

In Plastic polymer packaging, what does the term “thermoplastic” refer to?

A

the ability of the plastic polymer to be melted repeatedly without any physical or chemical change.

62
Q

What is the new packaging laminate forming technique combining two or more different plastics?

A

Coextrusion

63
Q

What does the acronym WVTR stand for in concern with packaging?

A

water vapor transmission rate

64
Q

The three external measurements of a can seam include?

A

Thickness width (length or height), and counter sink,

65
Q

What does the acronym EVOH stand for in concern with packaging?

A

Ethylene Vinyl ALcohol

66
Q

What is a hard swell?

A

bulged ends of the can cannot be compressed by the fingers.

67
Q

What is the can defect that results from too high internal can pressure?

A

Buckling

68
Q

What are the four principal functions of a food package?

A

Advertise, Protect the Food, Inform the Purchaser, Contain the Food

69
Q

Name four advantages of using glass as a packaging material.

A

Chemically inert, odorless, high storage stability, may be transparent, easy to open and reseal, can be used with vacuum operations.

70
Q

Who invented the process of canning?

A

Nicolas Appert

71
Q

Give several examples of active packaging?

A

Oxygen scavenger, anti-microbial release, ethylene scavenger, vapour removal, temperature history.

72
Q

What polymer is more transparent in appearance, LDPE or HDPE?

A

LDPE

73
Q

What is the difference between thermoplastics materials and thermosets materials?

A

Thermal plastics are a group of uncrosslinked polymers, which have amorphous or semi-crystalline structures. Thermosets are crosslinked polymers.

74
Q

Which polymer has the best heat sealibility?

A

EVA

75
Q

In packaging materials, covalent bonds are more commonly found than ionic bonds.

A

TRUE

76
Q

If temperature increases, a PP film will melt and vaporize into PP molecules.

A

FALSE

77
Q

As molecular weight increases, both tensile strength and viscosity of a packaging polymer increase.

A

TRUE

78
Q

Molecular weight of food packaging material is typically between 5,000 and 50,000.

A

FALSE

79
Q

In extrusion, most of the energy for melting the polymer resin comes from heat supplied by the extruder barrel.

A

FALSE

80
Q

PVDC is considered more environmental friendly than EVOH.

A

FALSE

81
Q

Coextrusion involves using two or more extruders to form multilayer structures.

A

TRUE

82
Q

In packaging ready-to-cook meats, what type of film should be used if the product is to be heat-shrunk?

A

PVDC (polyvinylidene chloride)

83
Q

If one has a liquid product which is very acidic and reactive, the choice of packaging may be…

A

Glass

84
Q

In food packaging, what do the initials WVTR stand for?

A

Water Vapor Transmission Rate

85
Q

Epoxidized oils serve as stabilizers in packaging materials when: A.exposed to air, B.they contain liquid foods, C.heated or exposed to UV light, or D.under mechanical stress

A

C. heated or exposed to UV light

86
Q

True/False: metals are added into microwavable popcorn package to achieve increased uniformity of heating

A

TRUE

87
Q

What is the term for the threaded part of a glass jar?

A

Finish

88
Q

What doe the following packaging acronyms stand for: LDPE, HDPE, PP, PS, PVC

A

LDPE= low density polyethylene;HDPE= high density polyethylene;PP= polypropylene;PS= polystyrene;PVC= polyvinyl chloride

89
Q

What is the trade name for polytetrafluoroethylene?

A

Teflon

90
Q

State the full names that correspond w/the 7 recycling #s for recyclable polymers

A

1.PETE=polyethylene teraphtalate; 2.HDPE= high density polyethylene;3.PVC=polyvinyl chloride;4.LDPE= low density polyethylene; 5.PP=polypropylene;6.PS=polystyrene;7.other (lexan polycarbonate returnable milk bottles)

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