Food & Digestion Flashcards
Name a protein deficiency
kwashiorkor
What does lack of iron cause?
Body doesn’t produce enough hemoglobin resulting in anemia (lack of energy)
Whats vitamin A?
Used to make a chemical in the retina and is found in fish liver. A deficiency can result in night blindness
Whats vitamin B1?
Helps in cell respiration and is found in cereal. A deficiency can result in Beri Beri.
Whats vitamin B2?
Helps in cell respiration and is found in eggs. A deficiency can result in dry skin.
Whats vitamin B3?
Helps in cell respiration and is found in meat. A deficiency can result in digestive disorders.
Whats vitamin C?
Helps in repairing body tissue and is found in fruits. A deficiency can result in scurvy.
Whats vitamin D?
Helps bones absorb calcium and is found in fish liver. A deficiency can result in rickets.
How to test for starch?
Drops of iodine onto sample —> Blue black color
How to test for glucose?
1) Add food sample being tested into a boiling tube.
2) Add benedicts reagent into the same boiling tube.
3) Next step is to heat the mixture inside the boiling tube using a water bath.
4) A positive result will be indicated by a the mixture turning into a brick red color.
How to test for protein?
1) Place sample into test tube.
2) Add Biuret reagent into the test tube containing the sample.
3) Shake thoroughly together.
4) A positive result will indicate a purple solution.
How to test for lipids?
1) Add sample into test tube.
2) Add ethanol to sample using pipette.
3) Shake thoroughly.
4) Move the mixture containing the ethanol and oil into a separate test tube containing water.
5) A positive result is indicated by a milky white emulsion.
How does the digestive system work?
1) Food enters mouth —> Saliva breaks it down
2) Travels down esophagus using peristalsis —> enters stomach
3) The stomach walls secrete acid which dissolve food
4) Food moves into small intestine —> Bile is then secreted into the first part of the small intestine (duodenum)
5) In the lower regions of the small intestine (ileum) The bile breaks down the fat, proteins and carbohydrates for easier absorption into the body.
6) The walls of the ileum are coated in millions of tiny projections called villi —> creates a huge surface area to maximize molecule absorption.
7) Now the only remains of the food are fiber, water and dead cells —> They move into the large intestine, where the walls there absorb most of the leftover fluid.
8) Whats left is a soft mass called stool —> squeezed through the large intestine —> into a pouch called the rectum.
9) Food leaves body through anus.
