Blood & Circulation Flashcards
Whats a single circulatory system?
Blood is pumped from the heart to the gas exchange organ and then to the rest of the body.
Whats a double circulatory system?
Blood is pumped to the heart, then to the gas exchange organ and then back to the heart.
What happens in pulmanory circulation?
Oxygen poor blood is transported form the right ventricle to the lungs, where blood picks up a new oxygen supply. Then the oxygen rich blood returns to the left atrium.
What are systemic veins?
The systemic circuit carries deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body back to your heart, where it then enters the pulmonary circuit for oxygen.
How does the heart work?
Deoxygenated blood enters from superior/inferior vena cava —> Right atrium —> Through tricuspid valve —> Right atrium —> pulmonary artery into lungs —> Oxygenated blood enters heart through pulmanory vein —> Left atrium —> Mitral valve —> left ventricle —> Aortic valve —> Aorta pumps to rest of body
Whats coronary heart disease?
A narrowing of the coronary arteries.
This normally occurs when fatty deposits accumulates on the artery walls creating plaques. This makes it difficult for blood to flow to the heart.
What are arteries?
Carries blood to the organs. The walls of arteries can withstand high pressures by stretching and reoiling.
What are veins?
Carries blood from organs back to heart. Contains less elastic tissue because they cant take high pressures.
What nerve controls heart rate?
The vagus nerve decreases heart rate and the sympathetic cardiac nerves increase the heart rate.
Whats plasma?
The liquid part of blood. It carries blood cells around body.
What are red blood cells?
Have no nucleus and transports O2 across the body.
What are lymphocytes?
A type of white blood cell that produces antibodies that kill microorganisms.
What are phagocytes?
A type of white blood cell that digest and destroy bacteria that infect us.
What are platelets?
A type of white blood cell that releases chemicals that makes our blood clot when we cut ourselves.
How do vaccines work?
1) A person in injected with the “agent” that carries the same antigens as a specific pathogen.
2) Lymphocytes recognize the antigens and multiply exactly as if the microorganism had entered your bloodstream. They produce memory cells and make the person immune to the disease 3) If the person now comes in contact with the real pathogen, they will experience a secondary
immune response.
