Food and diet Flashcards
Name the seven food groups
Water
Protein
Carbohydrates (Sugar)
Carbohydrates (starch)
Fibre
Vitamins and minerals
Fats
Roughly, what percentage of your body is water?
60%
Where do all the chemical reactions in the body take place?
In water
Why are proteins needed?
Growth and repair of cells
In which foods are proteins found?
Meat, eggs, beans, milk
Why do we need carbohydrates (sugar)?
Fast release energy
In which foods are carbohydrates (sugar) found?
Sugary foods such as cakes, sweets, and fizzy drinks
Honey
Fruit
Why do we need carbohydrates (starch)?
Slow release energy
In which foods are carbohydrates (starch) found?
Bread, pasta, rice, cereals
Why do we need fibre in our diet?
To help food move through the digestive system and prevent constipation
Why do we need small amounts of vitamins and minerals?
For healthy functioning cells as they allow chemical reactions in the cells to take place
In which foods are vitamins found?
Vitamin C _ fruit and vegetables especially citrus fruits and blackcurrents
Vitamin D- sunlight but added to bread and breakfast cereals
Vitamin B- again added to breakfast cereals
Vitamin A - yellow/orange vegetables, liver
Why do we need to eat some foods that contain fats?
Fats are a long term store of energy and also can keep us warm.
They are also needed for nerve impulses to work.
In which foods are lipids (fats) found?
Butter
Oils including fried foods
Cream
Fat from meat
What is scurvy?
A disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C
What are the symptoms of scurvy?
Bleeding gums and skin that does not heal
What is osteoporosis?
A bone disease cause by decalcification of bones as we age.
What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?
Less dense bones, which are more likely to fracture, humped shoulder and back in the elderly.
Why is exercise important?
It burns off excess energy, creates strong muscles and keeps our heart healthy
In which food groups are the common minerals required by the body found?
Iron - red meat, green leafy vegetables, chocolate!
Calcium - Dairy products made from milk, eg cheese, butter etc
Why is it good to have a diet low in saturated fat
It helps keep blood cholesterol low which helps decrease the risk of heart disease.
Where is saturated fat found?
In animal products which contain fat such as butter, cheese, cream and fat in meat.
Identify some of the benefits of taking regular exercise
- Burns energy so reduces the risk of obesity
- Reduces the risk of heart disease
3.. Reduces the risk of obesity related diseases such as diabetes - Reduces the risk of some cancers
- Helps well being and mindfulness
- Increases energy levels
- Builds muscle
- Improves coordination
