Food

Question 1

6 common elements

Answer 1

CHONPS
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulphur

Question 2

Elements in dissolved salts

Answer 2

Sodium, Magnesium, Chlorine, Potasium + Calcium
Sophie Makes Chopped Potatoes Carefully

Question 3

trace metals

Answer 3

Copper, Iron, Zinc
CIZ

Question 4

Biomolecules

Answer 4

Chemicals made in living things

Question 5

Biomolecules list

Answer 5

Carbs
Lipids
Proteins
Vits

Question 6

Are minerals biomolecules

Answer 6

NO!!!

Question 7

Carbs comp

Answer 7

CHO
Cx(H₂O)v

Question 8

Monosaccharides

Answer 8

1 sugar
Glucose: releases energy
Fructose: found in fruit
Galactose: comes from lactose

Question 9

Disaccharides

Answer 9

2 sugars
Maltose (2 glucose)
Sucrose (Glucose + fructose)
Lactose (Galactose + fructose
Formed when 2 monos chemically join, is broken back down into monos

Question 10

Polysaccarides

Answer 10

Many sugars
Starch: lots of glucose, excess carb in plants
Glycogen: muscle + liver cells, excess carb in humans
Cellulose: plant cell wall + fibre

Question 11

Chitin

Answer 11

Polysaccharide
Nitrogen added to glucose molecules
Crab exoskelletons + fungal cell walls

Question 12

Structural role of carbs

Answer 12

Cellulose forms cell walls

Question 13

Metabolic role of carbs

Answer 13

Glucose releases energy in respiration + is made in photosynthesis

Question 14

Carb tests

Answer 14

Reducing sugars = Benedicts solution
Starch = iodine

Question 15

Lipids comp + structure

Answer 15

CHO
fats = solid, oils = liquid at room temp
Triglyreide

Question 16

Lipids structural role

Answer 16

Store energy
Insulate
Form membranes

Question 17

Lipids metabolic role

Answer 17

Release energy in repiration

Question 18

lipids test

Answer 18

Brown paper

Question 19

Protein Comp + Structure

Answer 19

CHON (PS)
Amino acids + peptide links + polypeptide chains
20 common aino acids

Question 20

Protein shape

Answer 20

Proteins fold into shape
Function determined by shape

Question 21

Fibrous protein

Answer 21

Long fibres eg collagen + keratin
Secondary folding

Question 22

Globular protein

Answer 22

Spherical eg. enzymes + hormones
Tertiary folding

Question 23

Protein - denaturation

Answer 23

Shape changes + protein becomes inactive
Reason eg. Temp/pH

Question 24

Structural role of protein

Answer 24

Keratin = hair + nails
Myosin = muscle

Question 25

Metabolic role of protein

Answer 25

Hormones, enzymes and antibodies

Question 26

Protein test

Answer 26

Buriet’s reagent

Question 27

Water soluble + Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 27

Be Careful near Water
A Fat Dog Eats Kibble

Question 28

Vit c

Answer 28

Forms collagen (connective tissue), wound healing + gums
Scurvy
Citus

Question 29

Vit D

Answer 29

Bone formation + calcium absorption
Rickets + osteomalicia
Milk + sun

Question 30

Minerals - salt functions

Answer 30

Form rigid body structures - calcium + phosphorus - bones
Form soft body tissues - copper => myosin - covers nerves
Function in fluids + cells - sodium in cytoplasm + osmoregulation

Question 31

Non salt functions

Answer 31

Calcium => middle lamella
Magnesium => chlorophyll
Iron => haemoglobin
Calcium=> strong bones

Question 32

Water

Answer 32

70-90% of cell mass
universal solvent
Hydrolysis
Transports dissolved substances in & out of cell
Absorbs heat -energy regulation

Question 33

Food functions

Answer 33

Broken down for growth, repair + continuity of life
Energy is released - ATP
Creates enzymes