Diffusion + osmosis

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

The spreading out of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration region

Question 2

Solvent

Answer 2

Liquid that dissolves other substances

Question 3

Solute

Answer 3

Substance that has been dissolved

Question 4

Solution

Answer 4

mixture of solute + solvent

Question 5

Osmosis

Answer 5

The movement of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration

Question 6

Animal cells & osmosis - same cell concentration

Answer 6

Water moves in + out of the cell membrane, volume stays the same
Kidneys osmoregulate

Question 7

Animal cells & osmosis - less concentrated solution

Answer 7

Water moves into cell + cell swells, may burst.

Question 8

Amoebas in fresh water

Answer 8

Amoeba use a contractile vacuole to osmoregulate in fresh water by expelling fresh water to prevent bursting

Question 9

Animal cells & osmosis - more concentrated solution

Answer 9

Water moves out, cell may shrivel + die (tenation)

Question 10

Cell walls are ____ permeable

Answer 10

Selectively

Question 11

Plant cells & osmosis - less concentrated solution

Answer 11

Water moves into cytoplasm + vacuole. Water enters vacuole => vacuole swells, forcing cytoplasm to press against the cell wall => increased turgor pressure

Question 12

Tugor/turgor pressure

Answer 12

outward pressure of the nucleus and cytoplasm against the cell wall

Question 13

Plant cells & osmosis - more concentrated solution

Answer 13

Water moves out of the cell. Vacuole + cytoplasm shrivel (plasmolysis)

Question 14

Plasmolysis & deplasmolysis

Answer 14

Plasmolysis: vacuole + cytoplasm shrivel from not enough water
Deplasmolysis: put in less concentrated to reverse plasmolysis

Question 15

Food preservation

Answer 15

If a food has high sugar/salt concentration, it has low water concentration, so it will draw water from the bacteria, bacteria dies from tenation