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FOI > FOI basics > Flashcards

FOI basics Flashcards

1
Q

An instructor may foster the development of insights by

A

helping the student acquire and maintain a favorable self concept

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2
Q

What is one way for an instructor to promote the development of insight?

A

Provide a secure and non threatening environment in which to learn

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3
Q

Motivations in the form of reproof and threats should be avoided with all but the student who is

A

overconfident and impulsive

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4
Q

For a motivation to be effective, students must believe their efforts will be rewarded in a definite manner. This type of motivation is

A

tangible

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5
Q

Motivations that cause a student to react with fear and anxiety are

A

negative

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6
Q

The factor which contributes most to a student’s ability to remain receptive to new experiences is

A

positive self concept

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7
Q

A systematic classification scheme for sorting learning objectives is referred to as a

A

taxonomy

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8
Q

A learning plateau may be defined as the

A

point at which progress appears to slow down or cease before once again increasing

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9
Q

The best way to prepare a student to perform a task is to

A

provide a clear, step by step example

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10
Q

What is a primary consideration in planning for skill acquisition?

A

Time devolved to practice

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11
Q

To form proper habits and correct techniques during training, an instructor should

A

insist on correct techniques and procedures from the outset of training

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12
Q

When under stress, individuals usually react

A

by exhibiting rational thinking, rapid reaction, and with extreme sensitivity to their surroundings

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13
Q

An instructor can counteract anxiety in a student by

A

reinforcing the student’s enjoyment of flying and by teaching the student to cope with their fears

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14
Q

Which would most likely be an indication that a student is reacting abnormally to stress?

A

Inappropriate laughter or singing

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15
Q

One possible indication of a student’s abnormal reaction to stress would be

A

extreme over cooperation

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16
Q

An adequately developed lesson falls logically into which steps in the teaching process?

A

Preparation, presentation, application, and review and evaluation

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17
Q

Which method of presentation is desirable for teaching a skill such as ground school lesson on the flight computer?

A

Demonstration/performance

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18
Q

In the teaching process, which method of presentation is suitable for presenting new material, for summarizing ideas, and for showing relationships between theory and practicable?

A

Lecture method

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19
Q

To enhance a student’s acceptance of further instruction, the instructor should

A

keep the student informed of the progress made

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20
Q

The proper sequence for the subparts of an introduction is

A

attention, motivation, and overview

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21
Q

The method of arranging lesson material from the simple to complex, past to present, and known to unknown, is one that

A

shows the relationships of the main points of the lesson

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22
Q

In developing a lesson, the instructor should organize explanations and demonstrations to help the student

A

achieve the desired learning outcome

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23
Q

When teaching from the known to the unknown, an instructor is using the student’s

A

previous experiences and knowledge

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24
Q

In organizing lesson material, which step sets the stage for everything to come?

A

introduction

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25
Q

The first step in preparing a lecture is to

A

establish the objective and desired outcome

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26
Q

An instructor can inspire active student participation during informal lecture by

A

using questions that encourage student contribution and discussion

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27
Q

What is one advantage of a lecture?

A

uses time economically

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28
Q

The distinguishing characteristic of an informal lecture is the

A

active student participation

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29
Q

Which teaching method requires less time to present a given amount of material?

A

Teaching lecture method

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30
Q

Which is a true statement regarding the teaching lecture?

A

The instructor must develop a keen perception for subtle responses from the class

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31
Q

During a teaching lecture, what would detract from an instructor’s dignity and reflect upon the student’s intelligence?

A

Errors in grammar and use of vulgarisms

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32
Q

Perhaps the most significant characteristic of group learning is that students tend to

A

actively participate in the learning process

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33
Q

The main advantage(s) with heterogeneous groups are that students tend to

A

interact and achieve in ways and at levels that are rarely found with other instructional strategies

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34
Q

The main reason that students are put in cooperative learning groups is so they

A

can individually achieve greater success than if they were to study alone

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35
Q

An instructional strategy which organizes students into small groups so that they can work together to maximize their own and each other’s learning is called

A

cooperative learning

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36
Q

A question directed to an entire group to stimulate thought and response from each group member is identified as

A

overhead

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37
Q

Which question would be best as a leadoff question for a guided discussion the subject of torque?

A

Why does an aircraft normally require a longer takeoff run at Denver than new Orleans?

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38
Q

When it appears students have adequately discussed the ideas presented during a guided discussion, one of the most valuable tools an instructor can use is

A

an interim summary of what the students accomplished

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39
Q

Which statement about the guided discussion method of teaching is true?

A

It relies on student possession of a level of knowledge of the topic

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40
Q

In a guided discussion, leadoff questions should usually begin with

A

why or how

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41
Q

In a guided discussion, learning is achieved through the

A

skillful use of questions

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42
Q

When giving instruction using the demonstration performance method, which two separate actions are performed concurrently?

A

Learner performance and instructor supervision

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43
Q

What is the final element of the demonstration/performance method of teaching?

A

Evaluation

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44
Q

What are the elements of the demonstration/performance method of teaching?

A

Explanation, demonstration, student performance, instructor supervision, and evaluation

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45
Q

Which statement is true concerning computer-assisted learning (CAL)?

A

The student controls the pace and content of instruction

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46
Q

Some of the more advanced computer-based training (CBT) applications allow students to progress through a series of interactive segments where the presentation varies as a result of their

A

responses

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47
Q

The major advantage of computer assisted learning (CAL) over other forms of instruction is that it is interactive - the computer responds in different ways, depending on the student’s

A

response

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48
Q

Practical tests for pilot certification are

A

criterion-referenced

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49
Q

The objective of the airman certification standards (ACS) is to ensure the certification of pilots at a high level of performance and proficiency, consistent with

A

safety

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50
Q

During oral quizzing in a given lesson, effective questions should

A

be brief and concise

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51
Q

What makes an oral question effective?

A

adapting it to the learner’s stage of training

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52
Q

Which is a valid reason for the use of proper oral quizzing during a lesson?

A

Reveals the effectiveness of the instructor’s training methods

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53
Q

What type of question would be answered based on memory or recall on an oral test?

A

a fact question

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54
Q

Proper oral quizzing by the instructor during a lesson can have which result?

A

Identifies points which need more emphasis

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55
Q

One desirable result of proper oral quizzing by the instructor is to

A

reveal the effectiveness of the instructor’s training procedures

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56
Q

To answer a student’s question, it is most important that the instructor

A

clearly understand the question

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57
Q

Which is a true statement concerning the use of instructional aids?

A

Instructional aids should be designed to cover the key points in a lesson

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58
Q

Instructional aids used in the teaching/learning process should not be used

A

as a crutch by the instructor

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59
Q

Instructional aids used in the teaching/learning process should be

A

compatible with the learning outcomes to be achieved

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60
Q

When planning a lesson, an instructional aid most importantly serves to

A

enhance difficult key points of the lesson

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61
Q

Which statement is true regarding positive or negative approaches in aviation instructional techniques?

A

A positive approach, to be effective, will point out the pleasurable features of aviation before the unpleasant possibilities are discussed

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62
Q

Faulty performance due to student overconfidence should be corrected by

A

increasing the standard of performance of each lesson

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63
Q

An instructor can most effectively maintain a high level of student motivation by

A

making each lesson an enjoyable experience

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64
Q

What is an example of a positive approach for a first lesson?

A

Demonstrating a thorough preflight inspection and a short flight

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65
Q

Which statement is true regarding the achievement of an adequate standard of performance?

A

Flight instructors fail to provide competent instruction when they permit students to partially learn an important item of knowledge or skill

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66
Q

What should an instructor do with a student who assumes that correction of errors is unimportant?

A

Raise the standard of performance for each lesson, demanding greater effort

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67
Q

Frustration and confusion on the part of the student could happen as a result of not knowing the

A

objective of each period of instruction

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68
Q

Examples of all common endorsements can be found in the current issue of

A

AC 61-65, Appendix 1

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69
Q

Before endorsing a student for solo flight, the instructor should require the student to demonstrate consistent ability to perform

A

all of the fundamental maneuvers

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70
Q

The student should be capable of handling problems that might occur, such as traffic pattern congestion, change in active runway, or unexpected crosswinds prior to

A

initial solo

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71
Q

True performance as a professional is based on study and

A

research

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72
Q

Which statement is true regarding true professionalism as an instructor?

A

Anything less than sincere performance destroys the effectiveness of the professional instructor

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73
Q

Student confidence tends to be destroyed if instructors

A

bluff whenever in doubt about some point

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74
Q

When students are unable to see the benefits or purpose of a lesson, they will

A

be less motivated

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75
Q

When the instructor keeps the learner informed of lesson objectives and completion standards, it minimizes the learner’s feelings of

A

insecurity

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76
Q

Aviation instructors should be constantly alert for ways to improve the services they provide to their students, their effectiveness, and their

A

qualifications

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77
Q

During integrated flight instruction, the instructor must be sure the student

A

develops the habit of looking for other traffic in addition to referencing flight instruments

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78
Q

Integrated flight instruction has many benefits but, the main objective is to

A

help the student develop habit patterns for observance of and reference to flight instruments

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79
Q

Integrated flight instruction has many benefits but, the main objective is to

A

help the student develop habit patterns for observance of and reference to flight instruments

80
Q

Which is acceptable procedure when using the integrated method of flight instruction?

A

instruction in the control of an aircraft by outside visual references is integrated with instruction in the use of flight instruments for the same operation

81
Q

The primary purpose of integrated flight instruction is the

A

formation of firm habit patterns for observing and referencing the flight instruments

82
Q

Students who grow impatient when learning the basic elements of a task are those who

A

should have the preliminary training presented one step at a time with clearly stated goals for each step

83
Q

Students quickly become apathetic when they

A

perceive that the instructor is not adequately prepared

84
Q

Which is one of the ways in which anxiety will affect a student?

A

Anxiety may limit the student’s ability to learn from perceptions

85
Q

What is the primary consideration in determining the length and frequency of flight instruction periods?

A

Fatigue

85
Q

In planning any instructional activity, the first consideration should be to

A

determine the overall objectives and standards

86
Q

Which statement is true concerning extraneous blocks of instruction during a course of training?

A

They detract from the completion of the final objective

87
Q

When developing an instructional activity, what is the next step after the overall objective has been established?

A

identifying blocks of learning

88
Q

Development and assembly of blocks of learning in their proper relationship will provide a means for

A

allowing the student to master the segments of the overall pilot performance requirements individually and combining these with other related segments

89
Q

Each lesson of a training syllabus includes

A

objective, content, and completion standards

90
Q

When it is impossible to conduct a scheduled lesson, it is preferable for the instructor to

A

conduct a lesson that is not predicated completely on skills to be developed during the lesson which was postponed

91
Q

Which statement is true regarding lesson plans?

A

Lesson plans help instructors keep a constant check on their own activity as well as that of their students

92
Q

Every lesson, when adequately developed, falls logically into the steps of the teaching process -

A

preparation, presentation, application, and review and evaluation

93
Q

A lesson plan, if constructed properly, will provide an outline for

A

the teaching procedure to be used in a single instructional period

94
Q

Which statement is true about lesson plans?

A

After a lesson plan has been established for a training period, contiguous revision army may be necessary

95
Q

With regard to the characteristics of a well planned lesson, each lesson should contain

A

new material that is related to the lesson previously presented

96
Q

The main concern in developing a lesson plan is the

A

student

97
Q

One of the risk elements in the decision making process is identified as

A

the airplane

98
Q

What adverse action may result from using test preparation materials in preparing students for FAA tests?

A

Students may fail to learn other critical info essential for safe piloting

99
Q

What kind of software responds quickly to the student’s choices and commands?

A

Interactive video

100
Q

What systematic approach to the material process does the pilot consistently apply to take the best course of action in a given situation?

A

Aeronautical decision making

101
Q

When learners realize the instructor is inadequately prepared for the instruction being given, they quickly become

A

apathetic

102
Q

What is one advantage of a lecture?

A

A lecture is effective in showing relationships between theory and practice

103
Q

The instructor can correct student impatience by

A

presenting the necessary preliminary training one step at a time with clearly stated goals for each step

104
Q

A sign that a student may be experiencing acute fatigue is

A

neglecting secondary tasks

105
Q

Commercially developed test preparation materials

A

should be considered only as a supplement to FAA material and instructor let training

106
Q

Studies of skill learning suggest that a student achieves better results if distractions are avoided during what type of practice?

A

Delibrate

107
Q

In order to determine that the learner can apply the principles and objectives of a maneuver, the instructor can have the learner

A

perform a different maneuver using the same principle maneuver

108
Q

Assignment of goals the student considers difficult

A

can be an effective method of promoting motivation and learning

109
Q

Which stage of skill acquisition is characterized by the ability to perform a procedure rapidly and smoothly while devoting little deliberate attention to performance and simultaneously performing other tasks?

A

Automatic response

110
Q

Which stage of skill acquisition may be characterized by student ability to access personal progress and make adjustments in performance?

A

Associative stage

111
Q

Drill and practice method of training delivery is based on the learning principle of

A

exercise

112
Q

A properly developed lesson plan should

A

promote uniformity regardless of the instructor using it

113
Q

During a teaching lecture, an instructor should

A

use simple rather than complex words whenever possible

114
Q

Instructors can help students who arrive at a learning plateau by

A

moving the student to a different place in the curriculum and giving the current task a break

115
Q

A major shortcoming of commercial test preparation materials is

A

that the emphasis is on rote learning

116
Q

An aviation instructor should write performance based objectives that

A

fit the desired outcome of a particular lesson

117
Q

Instructional aids used in the teaching/learning process can be used

A

to clarify the relationship between material objects and concepts

118
Q

For the integrated method of flight instruction to be fully effective, the use of instrument reference should begin

A

the first time each new maneuver is introduced

119
Q

During oral quizzing in a given lesson, effective questions should

A

be limited to who, what, when, where, how, or why not in combination

120
Q

Which stage of skill acquisition has a student achieved if they can fly an ILS approach while talking on the radio?

A

automatic response

121
Q

Which of the following correctly identifies the accurate perception and understanding of the factors and conditions within the four fundamental risk elements that affect flight safety?

A

Situational awarness

122
Q

What is the purpose of using distractions during a training flight?

A

To determine if the learner has the ability to divide attention while maintaining control of the aircraft

123
Q

The most significant characteristic of group learning is that it

A

continually requires active participation of the student

124
Q

Presenting students with problems and decisions that test the limits of their knowledge is

A

generally beneficial in helping students acquire knowledge

125
Q

The development of any skill acquisition has three characteristic stages

A

cognitive, associate, and automatic

126
Q

When a student pilot understands a procedure, and has had the procedure demonstrated, and has practiced the procedure until consistency has been achieved, what level of learning has been demonstrated?

A

Application

127
Q

Which would most likely be an indication that a learner is reacting abnormally to stress?

A

Inadequate, illogical, random, or absent response to the situation

128
Q

Which is true concerning learning plateaus?

A

Learning plateaus are a normal part of the learning process and tend to be temporary

129
Q

The primary objective of integrated flight instruction is the development of

A

a habit of instrument cross check, instrument interpretation and of controlling an aircraft by visual references

130
Q

During training flights, an instructor should interject realistic distractions to help the student

A

develop the ability to determine whether a particular distraction warrants further attention or action

131
Q

An instructor can help a student cope with fear or anxiety by

A

emphasizing the benefits and pleasurable experiences from flying

132
Q

In learning a particular procedure, a leveling off process or plateau is

A

normal and should be expected after an initial period of rapid improvement

133
Q

How can an instructor help an impatient learner understand the need for preliminary training?

A

The procedure and elements mastered in each step should be clearly identified in explaining or demonstrating the performance of the subsequent step

134
Q

Which is true regarding the length of time devoted to practice?

A

A beginning student may reach a point at which additional practice can be unproductive and may even be harmful

135
Q

Which of the following allows the student to control the pace of their instruction?

A

Multimedia

136
Q

Which is true concerning learning plateaus?

A

Instructors themselves can bring on learning plateaus through overpractice

137
Q

Initially all learning comes from

A

perceptions

138
Q

One of the risk categories in the PAVE checklist is

A

the aircraft

139
Q

The assignment of reasonable goals that the student considers difficult, but possible

A

usually provides a challenge and promotes learning

140
Q

Define the telling and doing technique

A

A variation of the demonstration/performance method

141
Q

The basic telling and doing technique of instricion consists of several steps in proper order. They are

A

instructor tells - instructor does; student tells - instructor does; student tells - student does

142
Q

The basic demonstration/performance method of instruction consists of several steps in proper order. They are

A

explanation, demonstration, student performance, instructor supervision, and evaluation

143
Q

A student may be confused or frustrated by a lesson because he/she doesn’t understand the

A

objective of the lesson

144
Q

What stage of skill acquisition is exhibited when a learner demonstrates takeoff procedures and does the maneuver correctly and consistently?

A

Automatic response stage

145
Q

Instructional aids such as models, mock ups and cutaways are especially effective in

A

small group discussions

146
Q

Which of the following is NOT a hazard of the PAVE checklist?

A

Passengers

147
Q

How should instructors respond to student questions in a classroom setting?

A

Frame an answer as directly and accurately as possible

148
Q

An instructor recognizing fatigue in a learner should

A

take a break from the lesson

149
Q

One way an instructor can reduce anxiety with a learner is

A

to provide a comfortable, non threatening environment for instruction

150
Q

How should instructors assist learners when using CAL (computer assisted learning)?

A

Engage the learner by assessing their learning through the use of questions and feedback

151
Q

When an aviation instructor demonstrates professionalism, he

A

is straightforward and honest

152
Q

The demonstration performance method is based on the idea that people learn best by

A

doing

153
Q

How do flight instructors assess and mitigate identified risks?

A

By instructing the learner on sharing the responsibilities of risk management

154
Q

Is it considered a normal reaction to stress if the learner exhibits rational thinking, rapid action, and extreme sensitivity to surroundings.

A

Yes, this is a normal reaction to stress

155
Q

If an instructor unfairly criticizes a learner, it destroys the learner’s

A

confidence in the instructor

156
Q

What is one of the most productive ways to develop skill acquisition?

A

Memorize the process as a whole

157
Q

A learner who displays painstaking self control, even to the smallest detail, is experiencing

A

an abnormal reaction to stress

158
Q

How can an instructor help a nervous learner?

A

The instructor should reinforce the learner’s enjoyment of flying and teach them to cope with their anxiety

159
Q

In which stage of skill acquisition is a student when they are able to explain the steps involved in flying a traffic pattern but are NOT able to perform the task?

A

cognitive

160
Q

An aviation instructor is responsible for training a learner to

A

completion standards in all areas

161
Q

What is the main purpose of instructional aids?

A

To support, supplement, or reinforce what is being taught

162
Q

Your student has begun coming to lessons late and unprepared. What would be a major reason for this behavior?

A

There has been a drop in motivation

163
Q

How can an instructor reinforce the enjoyable and pleasurable experiences of flying?

A

The instructor can counter feelings of anxiety in the learner

164
Q

A learner has memorized the process of taking off but cannot combine it with any other task. What stage of skill acquisition is exhibited?

A

Cognitive stage

165
Q

When a learner believes the instructor is making unreasonable demands for progress, the learner may

A

experience a decline in motivation

166
Q

What can an aviation instructor do in order to affect a change in behavior of learners?

A

Create a positive experience which allows for better decision making

167
Q

What is the first step in the teaching process?

A

Preparation

168
Q

Which method of lesson delivery is most helpful when introducing the use of GPS?

A

Demonstration performance

169
Q

Effective use of instruments resulting in improved cross country navigation, coordination, and pilot competency is a benefit of

A

integrated instruction

170
Q

What is one method of helping a learner gain insight into new ideas and concepts?

A

Starting with something the learner already knows and progressing to new concepts

171
Q

When a student performs a maneuver correctly, but the instructor suspects the student does not fully understand the principles and objectives involved, the instructor should

A

apply the same elements to the performance of other maneuvers for verification

172
Q

What can an instructor do when a learner fails to understand the need for preliminary training and seeks only the ultimate objective without considering the means necessary to reach it?

A

Instructor can correct learner impatience by presenting preliminary training with clear goals and objectives

173
Q

What reinforces the learner’s ability to cope with fear?

A

An instructor countering anxiety of a learner

174
Q

What is the benefit of computer assisted learning (CAL)?

A

It allows the learner to focus on areas that they need more work/focus on

175
Q

Why is it important for the instructor to be able to detect fatigue in the learner?

A

The learner will exhibit substandard performance and should be given a break

176
Q

What should an instructor look for when asking a fact based question during an oral assessment?

A

One correct answer based on memory or recall

177
Q

Which term identifies a learning phenomenon when progress appears to cease or slow down for a period of time before increasing again?

A

Learning plateau

178
Q

What should an instructor do when a learner exhibits fatigue that occurs as a result of application to a learning task?

A

Learner should be given a break in instruction and practice

179
Q

What should an instructor do to facilitate learning a complex subject?

A

Break the lesson into segments

180
Q

When should integrated flight instruction first be introduced?

A

From the very beginning of flight training

181
Q

What information is pertinent to understanding the use of instructional aids?

A

Instructional aids should be straightforward, factual, and simple

182
Q

When is the use of instructional aids most effective?

A

To reinforce what is being taught

183
Q

When a learner temporarily reaches a capability limit while learning a new motor skill,

A

a learning plateau has been reached

184
Q

Which question would be best as a leadoff question for a guided discussion on the subject of torque?

A

How does torque affect an airplane?

185
Q

What is one method an instructor can use to bring about a change in behavior in a learner?

A

Provide experiences that give the learner opportunities for decision making

186
Q

What should an instructor avoid during deliberate practice?

A

Distractions

187
Q

Why would an instructor want the learner to reach the associative stage in development?

A

So the learner will be able to assess their own progress and make adjustments

188
Q

How is learning achieved while using the guided discussion training delivery method?

A

By categorizing questions by function and characteristics

189
Q

What is the critical outcome of instructor oral quizzing?

A

It verifies the learner’s comprehension of what has been taught

190
Q

A lesson introduction is important to

A

set the stage for everything to come

191
Q

How can an instructor encourage active learner participation during an informal lecture?

A

By creating a friendly, relaxed atmosphere

192
Q

What must an instructor understand about learner anxiety so that effective learning can occur?

A

An instructor must provide an atmosphere where the learner can be comfortable, confident in the instructor and the aircraft, and be at ease

193
Q

One method for an instructor to minimize the learner’s feelings of insecurity is by

A

keeping learners informed

194
Q

Why must the instructor create and assemble learning blocks in the proper relationship?

A

To help the learner master the individual segments and progressively combine them with related segments to achieve the desired objective

195
Q

Instructors should stress to learners that with test preparation materials

A

the material is supplemental and not a stand alone product

FOI (6 decks)

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