FN 124 LE 3 - Adolescence

Question 1

Period of development that begins at puberty and ends in adulthood

Answer 1

Adolescence

Question 2

(WHO) Adolescence = ______ ; Youth = _______; Young People = ________

Answer 2

10-19yo; 15-24yo; 10-24yo

Question 3

Early adolescence _______; late adolescence _______ and young adulthood _______= Lancet commission on adolescent health ad wellbeing

Answer 3

(10-14yo); (15-19yo); (20-24yo)

Question 4

High rate of growth during puberty is second to that in infancy but is greater in duration

Answer 4

Adolescence

Question 5

Total nutritional requirements may be greater than during any other period in life

Answer 5

Adolescence

Question 6

it has been argued that the chronotype of an adolescent reverses eventually (earlier in _____)

Answer 6

girls

Question 7

Sleep and ______ are related

Answer 7

growth

Question 8

Period of rapid physiological, sexual, neurological and behavioral changes and it lays the foundation for adopting adult roles and responsibilities

Answer 8

Adolescence

Question 9

Failure to achieve optimal nutrition may lead to ________ and ___________

Answer 9

delayed and stunted linear growth; impaired organ remodeling

Question 10

Epidemiologically, ________ comprises a quarter of the global population and is considered to be the healthiest of any age group and best able to raise economic productivity

Answer 10

10-24yo

Question 11

Maturation owing to hormonal changes that lead to dramatic changes in body composition = different proportions of _____ and _____ body mass

Answer 11

lean; fat

Question 12

During normal puberty, ht and body wt increase (_____ of adult body wt is gained during adolescence)

Answer 12

50%

Question 13

Body mass and muscle mass _____

Blood volume ______

Heart, brain, lungs, liver and kidneys all _____ in size

Answer 13

increase; expands; increase

Question 14

Rapid growth spurt

Age _____ in girls
Age _____ in boys

Answer 14

10-13; 12-15

Question 15

Girls gain ~___ inches
Boys gain ~___ inches

Answer 15

10; 12

Question 16

Increased Socialization, peer interaction→ ______

Answer 16

Eat more

Question 16

increased physical activity → ______ nutrient needs

Answer 16

increased

Question 17

Nutritional status: measured by ________ and ________

Answer 17

weight-for-height (BMI) and DBW

Question 18

Mean BMI (11-18 y/o) is ____ in developing vs. industrialized countries.

Answer 18

lower

Question 19

Specific nutrients needs – ____________

Answer 19

Fe, Fat, Pro

Question 20

Anemia during adolescence

____ in developing countries vs. ___ in developed countries. Prevalence rates are similar for males and females.

Answer 20

~27%; 6%

Question 20

Girls = iron loss during ______

Answer 20

menstruation

Question 21

An anemic pregnant adolescent has higher risks for (3)

Answer 21

premature births, LBW, & perinatal & maternal mortality

Question 21

Boys = iron need for ______

Answer 21

muscle mass

Question 22

Stunting during adolescence Boys 0-5 years old are encouraged to be more _______ compared to girls. This may lead to more often diarrhea & undernourishment.

Answer 22

independent

Question 23

Most of the studies reveal that boys are _____ stunted than girls.

Answer 23

more

Question 24

Stunting has a more profound effect on girls than boys. It may lead to _______ during childbirth.

Answer 24

obstructed labor

Question 25

Stunting has also been linked to ____.

Answer 25

CVDs

Question 26

Similar to stunting, more boys are _______ compared to girls.

Answer 26

undernourished

Question 27

Why are more boys more stunted compared to girls? Reasons: 1. Different maturation rates – boys grow at a _____ rate than girls. 2. Due to anemia which may affect weight gain because boys gain _______

Answer 27

slower; more muscle

Question 28

Current Nutrient Intake of Adolescents Promotes regular bowel movement, helps regulate blood lipids, and may help prevent obesity by reducing nutrient density

Answer 28

Fiber

Question 29

International data reveal that adolescent girls eat ___g/d fiber while boys at ___g/d

Answer 29

13; 17.5

Question 30

AAP recommends ___g DF per kg BW up to a maximum of ____g/d

Answer 30

0.5; 35

Question 31

Fiber may block mineral utilization, thus adolescents who are on mineral- deficient diet not to exceed 25g/d

Answer 31

25

Question 32

Sodium intake of adolescents is higher than the daily value on food labels (______mg/d).

Answer 32

2,400

Question 33

Decreasing ___ intake since it affects blood pressure is applicable to older individuals (salt sensitive).

Answer 33

Na

Question 34

However, high Na intake may increase urinary ___ excretion, increasing ___ needs.

Answer 34

Ca; Ca

Question 35

Low milk consumption & a high soda intake may decrease overall nutrient status (________________) and increase risk of stress fractures & broken bones.

Answer 35

Ca, B12, B2, folate, Vit A, and K

Question 36

For iron deficiency, Include adequate amounts of ______ aside from consumption of Fe-rich food items and Fe supplements

Answer 36

vitamin C

Question 37

Tendency of parents to “baby” the adolescent → _____ risk for weight gain & low independence

Answer 37

greater

Question 38

ADOLESCENT ATHLETE _______ among females while males are swayed by _____________

Answer 38

Fe-deficiency; fad diets & ergogenic aids

Question 39

Management: 1.TEA of normal ______ kcal/d 2. TEA of normal ______ kcal/d for strenuous sports

Answer 39

+ 500-1500; +4000

Question 40

______ loading is not advised.

Answer 40

CHO

Question 41

state of emanciation brought about by voluntary starvation

Answer 41

Anorexia Nervosa

Question 42

eating binges followed by self-induced vomiting; often described as “gorge & purge” or “feasting & fasting”

Answer 42

Bulimia nervosa

Question 42

Health *Electrolyte imbalance, endocrine & immune dysfunctions

Answer 42

Anorexia

Question 43

Health * Poor dental health * Scars on the knuckles * Eroded esophagus

Answer 43

Bulimia

Question 44

Cause of death Starvation, cardiac failure

Answer 44

Anorexia

Question 45

Cause of death Hypokalemia, suicide

Answer 45

Bulimia