FMS II-EXAM 1 Review Flashcards
graves dz is caused by
an autoimmune response
A person admitted to the ER with a diagnosis of lung cancer and SIADH. A PA would expect this patient to be in…
a hypo-osmolar state
hyperparathroidism is associated with
pathologic fractures
In a person with diabetes, exercise
lowers triglyceride levels
a person with diabetes arrives at the emergency department after an abrupt decrease in level of consciousness.The person has tachycardia, diaphoresis, irritability, tremors, and confusion. As a PA who expect the patient has
hypoglycemia
diabetes is associated with micro-and macrovascular complications that include…
coronary artery dz
elevated cortisol levels….
reduce CRH
Cells within the epidermis that initiate immune response and provide defense against environmental antigens…..
Langerhans cells
What is the first change in the skin to indicatea pressure ulcer?
- nonblanchable erythema of intact skin
____ is a benign proliferation of basal cells that produces smooth or warty elevated lesions on the chest, back, and face that are tan or waxy, yellow, flesh-colored, or dark brown-black.
Seborrheic Keratosis
An older adult man states he has a sore above his lip that has not healed and is getting bigger. The PA observes a red scaly patch with an ulcerated center and sharp margins. The PA recognizes these features as commonly associated with Bowen disease, a form of…..
squamous cell carcinoma
How does glaucoma cause blindness?
by pressure on the optic nerve
What are the characteristics of heat stroke?
sweat production by the face occurring even during dehydration
Heat loss from the body via convection occurs by….
transfer of heat through currents of liquids or gas.
What part of the brain provides the emotional response to pain?
limbic system
Most protein hormones are transported in the bloodstream….
free in an unbound, water-soluble form.
Calcium is rigidly controlled within cells. It is highly regulated because it….
acts as a second messenger.
A person who has experienced physiologic stresses will have increased levels of which hormone?
ACTH
Which lab value would be expected for a person with hypothyroidism?
Increased TSH
What are the effects of high levels of aldosterone?
hypokalemia and alkalosis
The effects of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) include solute…
dilution and water retention.
Diabetes Insipidus is a result of….
ADH hyposecretion
Diabetes Insipidus, diabetes mellitus, and SIADH all exhibit which of the following symptoms?
thirst
Hyperpituitarism is generally caused by….
pituitary adenoma
Graves’ disease develops from a(n)….
thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins that causes overproduction of thyroid hormones
Pathologic changes associated with Graves’ disease include….
high levels of circulating thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins
Palpation of the neck of a person with Graves’ disease would detect a thyroid that is…
enlarged diffusely
An infection caused from a flea bite and characterized by swelling of lymph nodes in the axilla or groin regions producing a superficial lesion, and ending with the onset of fever, chills, headache, nausea, weakness, and tenderness of the lesion most likely is the result of which organism?
Yersinia pestis
A condition resulting from a tick bite in which a bulls-eye rash develops and is accompanied by fever, headache, stiff neck, and dizziness would best be referred to as…..
Lyme disease
The world’s most common protozoan disease that is transmitted by mosquitoes and characterized by malaise, fever, chills, fatigue, vague aches, and vomiting without diarrhea is….
malaria
A disease referred to as slapped cheek syndrome (erythema) and caused by parvovirus B19 that primarily affects preschool and school-aged children is referred to as….
Fifth disease
A respiratory tract infection characterized by sneezing, scratchy throat, runny nose (rhinorrhea) with symptoms beginning 2-3 days after infection and generally not accompanied by fever is most likely….
rhinitis
A person with chronic pain is often also what?
Depressed
What is Conduction?
Touching something. Transfer of heat from your body to a surface.
What is convection?
Los of heath through currents of gases or lipids at the surface of the body.
Vasodilation
Flush faces, more blood flow is forced to the surface of the skin so that core blood can be cooled off.
Fever is stimulated by what?
TNF Alpha
Hormone release is regulated by what?
Chemical factor
Sensitivity of a target cell is down regulated when?
High concentrations of the hormone decrease the number of receptors.
Calcitonin does what?
Reduces serum calcium concentration.
What does insulin do?
Facilitates uptake of glucose by cells.
Glucocorticoids act to:
Stimulate protein catabolism.
