FMFWO Study Guide - Division Flashcards

Question 1

Q

Discuss the origin of the Marine Corps

Answer

A

Tun Tavern in Philadelphia on 10 November 1775.
Resolution from Continental Congress raised two battalions of Marines.

Question 2

Q

Explain the Marine Corps motto, Semper Fidelis.

Answer

A

Latin for “Always Faithful’’
Sometimes abbreviated “Semper Fi”
Adopted circa 1883.

Question 3

Q

Describe the Marine Corps emblem & its significance

Answer

A

Eagle - Stands for proud country standing on the western hemisphere and its beak is holding a scroll of “Semper Fidelis.”
Globe - Signifies global service
Fouled Anchor - Signifies maritime traditions
Adopted/modified by BG Jacob Zeilin in 1868 from British Royal Marines.

Question 4

Q

Explain the following terms/phrases used throughout the Marine Corps:
Leatherneck·

Answer

A

Leather stock around neck to protect from saber slashes but kept the head erect

Question 5

Q

Explain the following terms/phrases used throughout the Marine Corps:

Devil dog

Answer

A

Nickname from WWI (1918) “Battle of Belleau Wood.”
German “Teufelhunden” - translated “Devil Dogs.”-

Question 6

Q

Explain the following terms/phrases used throughout the Marine Corps:

Esprit de corps

Answer

A

Latin “The Spirit of the Unit.”
Epitome of pride in a unit
Implies devotion and loyalty.
Deep regard for history, traditions, and honor of the unit.

Question 7

Q

Explain the following terms/phrases used throughout the Marine Corps:

“From the Halls of Montezuma…”

Answer

A

Battle of Chapultepec in 1847 during the Mexican War. The royal palace fell to invading Marines, who were among the first United States troops to enter the capital.

Question 8

Q

Explain the following terms/phrases used throughout the Marine Corps:

“… to the shores of Tripoli.”

Answer

A

Marines stormed the Barbary pirates’ stronghold at Derna 1805. Marines raised the “Stars and Stripes’ for the first time in the Eastern Hemisphere. The Mameluke sword was presented to LT O’Bannon in honor of the Marine role in this conflict.

Question 9

Q

Explain the following terms/phrases used throughout the Marine Corps:

Uncommon valor was a common virtue

Answer

A

Quote from Admiral Nimitz in regard to USMC fighting ability on lwo Jima.
Battle of lwo Jima was the largest all-Marine battle in U.S. history.
Applied to entire USMC’s contribution during WWII.

_**3D Marine Division is the only active-duty division that fought on Iwo Jima.**_

Question 10

Q

Discuss Marine Corps rank & pay grade in order of seniority from E-1 to 0-10.

Answer

A

Unique to UMSC:
Gunnery Sergeant E-7
Master Sergeant (crossed rifles)/ First Sergeant E-8 (diamond)
Master Gunnery Sergeant (bomber)/ Sergeant Major E-9 (star)
Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps
If a CWO is wearing the bursting bomb device on his left collar, he is referred to as Gunner

Question 11

Q

Marine Corps Birthday Ball.

Answer

A

Has a continuous existence since 1798, when President John Adams signed an act reestablishing the Marine Corps, although tradition retains the original date of 10 November 1775.
Whenever possible, the ball shall be celebrated on 10 November. lf Sunday, will be celebrated on the preceding Saturday.
Troop formations, to include parades, will be held when practical. The reading of General John A. Lejeune’s birthday message should be included.
Social observances to include the birthday ball and the traditional cake cutting ceremony.
The first piece of cake to honor the oldest Marine present.
The second piece of cake to honor the youngest Marine present.

Question 12

Q

Recognize the significant contributions path breakers:

Montford Point Marines

Answer

A

From 1942-1949, nearly 20,000 African-American men underwent basic training at Montford Point, NC, now known as Camp Johnson.

Segregated training was the norm during this period of American History. “Montford Point Marines” proved their mettle here and on the battlefield, which led to a social awakening in the Marine Corps and the nation as a whole

Question 13

Q

Recognize the significant contributions path breakers:

Navajo Code Talkers

Answer

A

Navajo Code Talkers provided a fast, secure and error-free line of communication by telephone and radio during World War II in the Pacific. The Japanese remained baffled by the Navajo language and never cracked the code used by the Marines.

Participated in every assault the U.S. Marines conducted in the Pacific from 1942 to 1945.

Question 14

Q

Opha Mae Johnson

Answer

A

the first female Marine and enlisted on 1918.

Question 15

Q

Notable USMC engagements

(Must have basic understanding of importance of these battles):

Answer

A

*Pre-WWII**
Battle of Derna (Apr-May 1805)
Battle of Chapultepec (Sep 1847)
WWI, Battle of Belleau Wood (1-26 Jun 1918)
*World War II**
Land Battle of Guadalcanal (Aug 1942-Feb 1943)
Battle of Bougainville (Nov-Dec 1943)
Battle of Tarawa (20-23 Nov 1943)
Marianas Campaign (Saipan, Guam, Tinian) (15 Jun-1 Aug 1944)
Battle of Peleliu (15 Sep-27 Nov 1944)
Battle of Iwo Jima (16 Feb-26 Mar 1945)
Battle of Okinawa (1 Apr-21 Jun 1945)
*Post-WWII**
Korean War, Landing at Inchon (15-19 Sept 1950)
Korean War, Battle of Chosin Reservoir (27 Nov-13 Dec 1950)
Vietnam War, Battle of Khe Sanh (21 Jan-9 Jul 1968)
Vietnam War, Battle of Hue City (31 Jan-3 Mar 1968)
OIF, Battle of Nasariyah (23-29 Mar 2003)
OIF, Second Battle of Fallujah (7 Nov-23 Dec 2004)
OEF, Battle of Marjah (Feb-Dec 2010)

Question 16

Q

BATTLE OF OKINAWA USMC Honors and Namesakes:

Answer

A

Camp Kinser - Sgt Elbert L. Kinser
Camp Foster - PFC William A. Foster
Camp Lester- PhM1 Fred F. Lester
Camp Courtney - Maj Henry A. Courtney
Camp McTureous- Pvt Robert M. McTureous, Jr.
Bush Clinic, Camp Courtney - HA1 Robert E. Bush
Camp Hansen - Pvt Dale M. Hansen
Camp Schwab - PFC Albert E. Schwab
Camp Gonsalves - PFC Harold Gonsalves
USS Halyburton FFG-40 - PhM1 William D. Halyburton, Jr.

Note:
PhM = Pharmacist’s Mate (Hospital Corpsman rating prior 1947).
USS Halyburton decommissioned 2014.

Question 17

Q

3D MARDIV history

(technically not in PQS)

Answer

A

Activated on 16 September 1942 at Camp Elliott (now MCAS Miramar), San Diego, CA
Participated in Battles of Bougainville, Guam, and Iwo Jima during WWII
V1/3 were the first Marines to be sent to Vietnam in March 1965 to protect the Da Nang Air Base
Who was the only 3D MARDIV CG killed in action?
1/4, 2/4, and 3/4 are under 1st, 5th, and 7th Marines respectively instead of 4th Marines. Why?

Question 18

Q

The official mission of the Marine Corps established in the 1952 Amendment to the National Security Act of 1947:

Answer

A

“Marines are trained, organized, and equipped for offensive amphibious employment and as a force of readiness.”

Question 19

Q

According to the Act, Marines stand prepared to meet mission requirements:

Answer

A

1) Provide Fleet marine Forces with combined arms and supporting air components for service with the United States Fleet in the seizure or defense of advanced naval bases, and for the conduct of such land operations as may be essential to the execution of a naval campaign.
2) Provide detachments and organizations for service on armed vessels of the Navy and security detachments for the protection of naval property at naval stations and bases.
3) Develop, in coordination with the Army, Navy, and Air Force, the doctrine, tactics, techniques, and equipment employed by landing forces in amphibious operations.
4) Provide marine forces for airborne operations, in coordination with the Army, Navy, and Air Force, according to the doctrine established by the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
5) Develop, in coordination with the Army, Navy, and Air Force, the doctrine, tactics, techniques, and equipment for airborne ops.
6) Expand peacetime components to meet wartime needs according to the joint mobilization plans.
7) Perform such other duties as the President may direct.

Question 20

Q

Identify and explain the 4 elements of the MAGTF

Answer

A

CE - Combat Element (MAGTF HQ)

GCE - Ground Combat Element

ACE - Air Combat Element

LCE - Logistics Combat Element

Question 21

Q

Name the 3 unit-sized elements of each MAGTF:

MEF, MEB, and MEU.

Answer

A

MEF (CE- MIG; commanded by Lt. Gen) DIV, MAW, & MLG
MEB (CE) - REG, MAG, & CLR
MEU (CE) - BN, SQ, & CLB

Question 22

Q

Provide some examples of MAGTFs

Answer

A

Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF) - Principal Marine Corps war-fighting organization. MEF is capable of missions across the range of military operations, through amphibious assault & sustained operations ashore in any environment. With appropriate augmentation, the MEF CE is capable of performing as a JTF headquarters.

Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB) - Task-organized to respond to a range of crises, from forcible entry to humanitarian assistance.

Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU) - Forward deployed as the immediate responsive, on scene, sea-based, Marine component of the fleet commander’s amphibious & power projection forces.

Question 23

Q

Identify the roles and functions of the Marine Corps.

Answer

A

1) Provide Fleet Marine Forces
2) Provide detachments and organizations for service on armed vessels of the Navy, as well as security detachments for Navy property at stations and bases.
3) Develop (w/ Navy, Army, Air Force) doctrine, tactics techniques, equipment for amphibious ops.
4) Develop and Provide Marine forces for airborne operations.
5) Expand peacetime components to meet wartime needs.
6) Perform other duties as the President may direct

Question 24

Q

Divisions:

Answer

A

1ST MARDIV - MCB Camp Pendleton, with units at 29 Palms
2D MARDIV - MCB Camp Lejeune
3D MARDIV - MCB Camp Butler, Okinawa, with units at MCB Hawaii (MCBH)
4TH MARDIV - New Orleans, LA, with several stateside reserve units

Question 25

Q

Air Wings

Answer

A

1ST MAW - Camp Foster, Okinawa with units throughout Japan and Hawaii
2D MAW - MCAS Cherry Point, NC with units at New River, NC and Beaufort, SC
3D MAW - MCAS Miramar, CA with units at Yuma, AZ and Camp Pendleton, CA
4TH MAW - HQ in New Orleans, LA, with units in Ft Worth, Willow Grove, and elsewhere

Question 26

Q

Logistics Groups

Answer

A

1ST MLG - Camp Pendleton, 29 Palms, elsewhere

3D MLG - MCB Camp Butler w/ units at MCBH

2D MLG - MCB Camp Lejeune, NC

4TH MLG - New Orleans, LA

Question 27

Q

Headquarters Marine Corps (HQMC)

Answer

A

Headquarters Marine Corps (HQMC) – Quantico, VA. Home of the Commandant and staff

Provides for recruiting, training, organizing, supplying, equipping, servicing, mobilizing/demobilizing, administering and maintaining the USMC. Reports to SECNAV and provides general support to combatant commanders

Question 28

Q

Marine Corps Combat Development Command (MCCDC)

Answer

A

Marine Corps Combat Development Command (MCCDC) Tasked to develop fully integrated USMC warfighting capabilities including: doctrine, organization, training and education, material, leadership, personnel and facilities.

Question 29

Q

Marine Corps Systems Command (MARCORSYSCOM)

Answer

A

Marine Corps Systems Command (MARCORSYSCOM) - serves as the Department of the Navy’s systems command for Marine Corps ground weapon and information technology system programs in order to equip and sustain Marine forces with expeditionary and crisis-response capabilities.

Question 30

Q

Maritime Prepositioning Force (MPF)

Answer

A

Maritime Prepositioning Force (MPF) Integral part of Marine Corps logistical support system, Consists of prepositioned ships, Navy support element, and MAGTF fly-in element, Includes pre-staged materials overseas

Plays a key role in the MAGTF, especially during extended operations

Question 31

Q

(Not in PQS) Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory (MCWL)

Answer

A

(Not in PQS) Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory (MCWL) - under HQMC, generates and examines operating concepts and capabilities, and provides recommendations to inform subsequent force design and development activities.

Question 32

Q

Why are there two chains of command within the Marine Corps & what purpose do they serve?

Answer

A

Candidate should show an understanding in the differences between “service” and “operational”

Service CoC is - “Responsible for readiness - taking care of personnel, education, training, repairs, and supply chain”

Operational CoC is - “Responsible for carrying out specific missions such as operations and exercises”

*POTUS** – President Joseph R. Biden
*SECDEF** - Honorable Lloyd J. Austin III

Question 33

Q

Service chain of command

Answer

A

Service chain of command
SECNAV- Honorable Carlos Del Toro
Commandant of the Marine Corps - Gen David H. Berger
Chief of Naval Operations – ADM Michael M. Gilday, USN
(Continue through Marine Corps Component Commanders- down to unit command)

Question 34

Q

Operational chain of command -

for missions & forces assigned to their commands.

Answer

A

Operational chain of command - for missions & forces assigned to their commands.
USINDOPACOM – ADM John C. Aquilino, USN
MARFORPAC LtGen Steven R. Rudder, USMC
Ill MEF – Lt Gen James W. Bierman, Jr., USMC
3D MARDIV – MGen Jay M. Bargeron, USMC
(Continue down the COC to the candidate’s Commanding Officer)

Question 35

Q

Discuss the concept of supporting & supported relationships.

Answer

A

Main effort is designated as the supported element

Other elements are designated as supporting relationships established within the MAGTF are framed in command or support
Elements may be organic, attached, or tasked
Support relationship normally identified by the MAGTF commander

Question 36

Q

Administrative Control (ADCON) -

Answer

A

Authority in respect to administration, support, training, personnel, readiness, discipline.

Question 37

Q

Operational Control (OPCON) -

Answer

A

Authority to organize & employ commands & forces, assign tasks, designate objectives, & give authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission, can split up unit.

Question 38

Q

Tactical Control (TACON) -

Answer

A

Detailed direction & control of movements or maneuvers within the operational area necessary to accomplish assigned missions (JP 0-2).

Question 39

Q

DIRLAUTH -

Answer

A

Direct liaison authorized

Question 40

Q

Joint Task Force (JTF) -

Answer

A

A joint force that is constituted & designated by the Secretary of Defense, a combatant commander, a subordinate unified command commander, or an existing JTF commander.

Question 41

Q

Combined Operations -

Answer

A

AKA “Multinational, Allied, or Combined Operations” conducted by forces of two or more nations.

Question 42

Q

Coalition Operations -

Answer

A

An ad hoc arrangement between two or more nations for a common action

Question 43

Q

Mission and purpose of Marine Corps aviation:

Answer

A

Air component of the MAGTF in amphibious assaults & such other operations as may be essential for the prosecution of a naval campaign.

Question 44

Q

Six functions of Marine Corps Aviation

Answer

A

CONTROL OF MISSILES AND AIRCRAFT - Involves the coordinated employment of assets to plan, direct, & control the efforts of the ACE which is executed through the Marine Air Command & Control System (MACCS).

ELECTRONIC WARFARE - Use of electromagnetic & directed energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum or to attack the

OFFENSIVE AIR SUPPORT (OAS) - Those air operations conducted to destroy enemy resources or to isolate its military force.

*Close Air Support (CAS)** - air strikes against hostile targets that are in proximity to friendly forces, requires detailed integration of each air mission with fire and movement of these force
*Deep Air Support (DAS)** – air strikes against enemy targets that are not an immediate threat, in order to delay, disrupt, or hinder later enemy engagement of friendly forces

AIR RECON - The acquisition of intelligence information by visual observation and/or sensors. Any platform can perform AIR RECON.

ANTI-AIR WARFARE (AAW) - Action required to destroy or reduce the enemy air & missile threat before/after it is launched. Either offensive or defensive. AAW incl des the use of interceptors, bombers, anti-aircraft guns, SAMs, AAMs, & EA

*Offensive AW** - Operations conducted against the enemy air or air defense system before it can be launched.
*Air Defense** - All defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles (active/passive).

ASSAULT SUPPORT - The use of aircraft to provide tactical mobility & logistic support for the MAGTF: ex. Combat assault transport, aerial delivery & refueling operations. Air evacuation & TRAP (Tactical Recovery of Aircraft & Personnel)

- Air logistical support & Battle space illumination

Control of Missiles and Aircraft
Electronic Warfare
Offensive Air Support (OAS)
1. Close Air Support (CAS)
2. Deep Air Support (DAS)
Air RECON
Anti-Air Warfare (AAW)
1. Offensive AW
2. Air Defense
Assault Support
1. Air Evacuation & TRAP
2. Air logistical support & battlespace illumination

Question 45

Q

Marine Aircraft Wing (MAW)

Answer

A

Divided into three active duty MAWs & one Reserve MAW.

Major subordinate command of MEF

Question 46

Q

Marine Aircraft Group (MAG) –

Answer

A

Aviation squadrons:

Rotary-wing (HMH, HMLA, VMM)
Fixed-wing (VMA, VMFA, VMU, VMGR)

Question 47

Q

Marine Air Control Group (MACG) -

Answer

A

Aviation support squadrons.

Provide tactical aviation C2, integrated UAS ISR, comms support

Question 48

Q

Marine Wing Support Group (MWSG) –

Answer

A

Aviation support squadron (see MWSS/MWSD ).

Only on 2D MAW and 3D MAW.

Question 49

Q

Aviation Squadrons under MAG:

Answer

A

Marine Heavy Helicopter Squadron (HMH) - Assault helicopter transport of heavy weapons, equipment, troops, & supplies during amphibious operations. CH-53 Sea Stallion

Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM) - Assault transport of combat troops. MV-22 “Osprey”

Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron (HMLA) - Combat utility helo support, fire support coordination, & attack helicopter fire support during amphibious operations & subsequent operations ashore. UH-1 Huey (Utility) & AH-1W Super Cobra (Attack)

Marine Attack Squadron (VMA) to provide offensive air support, armed reconnaissance, and air-defense. A1-8B Harrier, a ground-attack aircraft capable of vertical or short takeoff and landing (V/STOL). Primarily employed on light attack or multi-role missions, ranging from close air support of ground troops to armed reconnaissance.

Marine Fighter/Attack Squadron (VMFA) - Intercepts & destroys enemy aircraft under all weather conditions & attacks/destroys surface targets. F/A-18, F-35

Marine All Weather Fighter/Attack Squadron (VMFA/AW) - Intercepts & destroys enemy aircraft & surface targets, day or night, under adverse weather conditions. F/A-18, F-35

Marine Aerial Refueler Transport Squadron (VMGR) - Provides aerial refueling service in support of Fleet Marine Force (FMF} air operations & provides assault air transport of personnel, equipment, & supplies. KC-130 Hercules

Marine Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Squadron (VMU) - Operates & maintains a system to provide unmanned aerial reconnaissance support to the MAGTF. Scan Eagle / Shadow

Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron (HMM)– CH-46. Deactivated 2015, replaced by VMM

Marine Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron (VMAQ) – EA6 “Prowler” Deactivated 2019

Question 50

Q

Aviation Support Squadrons under MAG

Answer

A

Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron (MALS) - provides direct support of intermediate aircraft maintenance, avionics, aviation supply, and aviation ordnance to the aircraft squadrons of a MAG

Question 51

Q

Aviation Support Squadrons under MAG (1ST MAW)

or MWSG (2D MAW, 3D MAW)

Answer

A

Marine Wing Support Squadron/Detachment (MWSS/MWSD) provides all essential aviation ground support to the MAG to operate an airfield to includes: airfield services, comms (less than ATC), motor transport, engineer services, bulk fuel delivery and containment, aircraft refueling, non-aviation “ground” supply & equipment maintenance, security, food service, and medical services.

Question 52

Q

Aviation Support Squadrons under MACG:

Answer

A

Marine Wing Headquarters Squadron (MWHS) – equivalent in mission and function of Division’s HQBN.

Marine Tactical Air Command Squadron (MTACS) - provide the ACE commander with command and control functions necessary for the aviation mission. They establish a Tactical Air Command Center (TACC), which is the operational command post for the Marine Aircraft Wing, from which the Wing Commander and his battle staff command the tactical air battle, including tactical air support provided to ground forces (directed from the DASC in the MASS) and tactical air defense (directed by the TAOC in the MACS)

Marine Wing Communications Squadron (MWCS) - Provides expeditionary communications for the ACE of a MEF, including the phased deployment of task-organized elements thereof.

Marine Air Control Squadron (MACS) - Provides air surveillance & control of aircraft & surface-to-air weapons for AAW; continuous all-weather radar & non-radar Air Traffic Control (ATC) services, & airspace management in support of a MAGTF.

Marine Air Support Squadron (MASS) - provide the Direct Air Support Center (DASC) which controls and coordinates those tactical aircraft operations directly supporting ground forces. They are responsible for the processing of immediate requests (e.g. Close Air Support, CASEVAC, and Assault Support), integrate and deconflict indirect fire support (e.g., artillery and mortars) with aviation assets, manage terminal control assets, and procedurally controlling aircraft.

Low Altitude Air Defense (LAAD) Battalion/Detachment - Provides close-in, low-altitude, surface-to-air weapons fires defending forward combat areas, maneuver forces, vital areas, installations, and/or units engaged in special/independent operations.

Question 53

Q

Question 54

Q

Headquarters and Headquarters Squadron (HHS) –

(not in PQS)

Answer

A

HQ entity or “Camp Commander” of a USMC aviation facility.
- Falls under Marine Corps Installations (MCI) command (ex.HHS Futenma and HHS Iwakuni are under MCIPAC)

Question 55

Q

Echelons of Aircraft Maintenance

Answer

A

Organizational - inspecting, lubricating, & minor repair (1st & 2nd Echelon maintenance) Squadron-level
Intermediate - repair of subassemblies & assemblies, moderate repair (3d & 4th Echelon). MALS/Group-level
Depot - Major overhaul & complete rebuilding of parts, subassemblies, & end items (5th Echelon Maintenance). MAW-level or higher

Question 56

Q

In what ways is 3D MARDIV different from stateside MARDIVs?

Answer

A

3^rdMarine Division, because of its unique role as the only permanently forward-deployed Marine Division, has an organizational structure that differs from the two other active divisions.
It has fewer infantry units (2 instead of 3), no tanks, and less AAV, LAV, and engineer units to provide support.
This shortfall is offset by our utilization of the Unit Deployment Program (UDP), in which other operational Marine units are sent to Okinawa to train and undergo mission rehearsals

3^rd MAR DIV = 4^th Reg in Okinawa, 3^rd Reg in Hawaii. No organic tank battalion. Small composite AAV and LAR (not battalion sized) components under 4^th Reg.

Question 57

Q

Echelons of GCE:

Answer

A

Division, Regiment, Battalion, Company/Battery, Platoon/Section, Squad, Fire Team, Rifleman

Question 58

Q

Marine Division (MARDIV) -

Answer

A

Close with & destroy the enemy via amphibious operations and/or ground operations.
Employed as the GCE of the MEF & may provide task-organized forces for smaller MAGTFs,
MEB: Regiment-level. Ex. Regimental Combat Team (RCT)
MEU: Battalion-level. Ex. Battalion Landing Team (BLT) -> LF of ESG/ARG (see section 109)

Question 59

Q

HQBN -

Answer

A

Exercise command & control, administration, & life support to the MARDIV

Question 60

Q

Infantry Regiment

Infantry Bn

Answer

A

Infantry Regiment - Locate, close with, & destroy the enemy by fire & maneuver or repel assault by fire & close combat.

Infantry Bn: Consist of HQ, (3) Infantry, and Weapons companies

Question 61

Q

Artillery Regiment -

Answer

A

Furnish close & continuous fire support ISO of ground maneuvers & fire support coordination.

Question 62

Q

Combat Engineer Battalion (CEB) -

Answer

A

Enhance the mobility, counter-mobility, & survivability of GCE through close combat engineer support.

Question 63

Q

Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion (LAR) -

Answer

A

Conduct reconnaissance, security, economy-of-force operations, & limited objective assaults:

LAV-25 Light Armored Vehicle, 8-wheeled amphibious, light armored vehicle to to give GCE greater mobility with ability to “swim”, but are limited to non-surf bodies of water (no oceans)

Question 64

Q

Assault Amphibian Battalion (AAB) -

Answer

A

Land the surface assault elements of the landing force & their equipment in a single lift.

Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAV) Current amphibious troop transport of the United States Marine Corps. Land surface assault elements of the landing force and their equipment in a single lift from assault shipping during amphibious operations. Marines call them “amtracs,” a shortening of their original designation, “amphibious tractor.”

Answer 64

A

Conduct amphibious & ground RECON, surveillance, & limited scale raids ISO MARDIV.

Answer 65

A

Tank Battalion: Deactivated May 2021

Answer 66

A

HQBN (Courtney)

12TH MARINES (Hansen)

4TH MARINES (Schwab)

3D RECON BN (Schwab)

3D MARINES (Hawaii)

Answer 67

A

“Tactical fire direction is the “if” and “how” to attack a target.”

Directly support land, maritime, amphibious, and special operations forces to engage enemy forces, combat formations, and facilities in pursuit of tactical and operational objectives.

Fire support coordination is the planning and executing of fires so that targets are adequately covered by a suitable weapon or group of weapons.

Answer 68

A

Exercises tactical fire direction of organic artillery battalions and attached artillery units.

“Tactical fire direction is the “if” and “how” to attack a target.”

Answer 69

A

Provides general and direct support and sustained combat logistics above the organize capabilities of supported units.

Sustains the MAGTF in all levels of conflict or mission training

Answer 70

A

Supply
Transportation
Maintenance
Engineering
Health Services
(Other) Services

Answer 71

A

Organizational level - Responsibility of & performed by a using organization; inspecting, lubricating, & minor repair

1st echelon - Limited action performed by crew or operator as prescribed by applicable manuals.
2nd echelon - Limited action above the operator level performed by specialist personnel in the using unit.

Intermediate level - Responsibility of & performed by designated maintenance activities; repair of subassemblies & assemblies

3d echelon - Component replacement usually performed by specially trained personnel in owning or LCE units.
4th echelon - Component and end item overhaul and rebuilding performed by LCE units at semi-permanent or fixed sites.

Depot level - Major over-haul & complete rebuilding of parts, subassemblies, & end items (5th Echelon Maintenance).

5th echelon - End item overhaul and rebuilding performed by industrial-type activities using production line techniques, programs, and schedules. Located in the US.

Answer 72

A

Class I - Subsistence, health and welfare items

Class II - Clothing, tents, individual equipment, office, admin and cleaning supplies

Class III - Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants (POL)

Class IV - Construction Supplies

Class V - Ammunition and Bombs

Class VI - Personal Demand Items (nonmilitary sales Items)

Class VII - Major End Items (ready for use, major assembled items)

Class VIII - Medical (Authorized Medical/Dental Allowance List: AMAL/ADAL

Class IX - Repair Parts and Components

Class X - Material to Support Nonmilitary Programs

Answer 73

A

Combat Logistics Regiment/Battalion

Maintenance Battalion - Provide field maintenance support for Marine Corps furnished tactical ordnance, engineer, motor transport, and communications-electronics and general support equipment of MEF

Supply Battalion - Provides logistics support to MEF, joint, and combined forces and federal agencies

Ammo Company
Medical Logistics Company (MEDLOG)

Engineer Support Battalion (ESB) - Provide general engineer support including mobility, counter-mobility, survivability, engineer reconnaissance, tactical utilities, bulk water production & storage, bulk fuel storage, and explosive ordnance disposal. Support missions exceeding organic capabilities of Division and Wing engineers

Transport Support Battalion (TSB) – Provide general transportation and facilitate distribution of personnel, and materiel.

Consist of HQ, Landing Support, and Motor T companies

Dental Battalion - Ensure dental readiness and optimize dental health for all beneficiaries while supporting operational and humanitarian missions.

Medical Battalion - Provide direct and general Health Service Support (HSS) in order to sustain the combat effort across the full spectrum of MAGTF operations. Consists of H&S and Surgical Companies. Source of Role II HSS capabilities within MAGTF.

*Direct Support** - Organic/attached
*General Support** - Casualty decontamination & treatment stations, Combat stress casualties & resuscitative care/surgery

“Red Patch” Marines – Landing Support Specialist coordinating ship-to-shore movement of troops, vehicles and supplies. Red patches sewn on their trousers and covers preventing confusion on the beach b/w Landing Support and Infantry Marines of being mixed together during an amphibious assault

Answer 74

A

Provides LCEs with the necessary personnel & equipment to accomplish their missions.
Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB) -> Combat Logistics Regiment (CLR)
Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU) -> Combat Logistics Battalion (CLB)

Answer 75

A

A centralized ground supply support, beyond supported units’ organic capabilities, for sustainment of the MEF, including procurement, storage, distribution, salvage, disposal, and bulk fuel and water supply support.

Answer 76

A

High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV) - Equipped with basic armor and used to transport equipment, materials, and/or two-man crew with eight passengers (2,500 lbs.), i.e. Combat Patrol, Medical Supply transport

7-ton Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement (MTVR) - Highway or rugged terrain, 6 x 6 wheel state of the art cargo truck.

Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) - Has a V-shaped hull design, designed for crew protection. Intended to withstand ballistic arms fire, mine blasts, IEDs, and Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical environments.

Answer 77

A

The primary interface with the AMC (Air Mobility Command) TALCE (Tactical Airlift Control Element) at APOEs (Aerial Port of Embarkation).

Responsible for receiving equipment and personnel at the APOE, coordinating with the TALCE to ensure that personnel and materiel are prepared for air shipment and delivery.

Answer 78

A

A subordinate element of the MODDC (below), allocates, schedules, and coordinates ground transportation requirements.

Answer 79

A

Established at Major Subordinate Commands (MSCs) and below, ensure units are prepared for embarkation and coordinate the movement of forces, direct unit marshalling, coordinate movement assets, deconflict competing movement requirements within the organization.

Answer 80

A

Task organized after WARNO is received and concept for deployment is developed, they assess conditions and reports to MAGTF commanders.

This unit must be self-sustaining and include reps from the MAGTF, MPF, Naval Coastal Warfare units, Seabees, and other Naval Support elements.

Answer 81

A

SPOD/SPOE – Naha Military Port, Naval Base White Beach, Kin Red/Blue (Camp Hansen)

APOD/APOE – K5R Kadena AB, MCAS Futenma

Answer 82

A

Located within the MAGTF Command Element, the MDDOC assumes the responsibilities of the Force Movement Control Center (FMCC), conducts integrated planning, provide guidance and direction, and coordinate and monitor transportation and inventory resources

Answer 83

A

Composed of representatives from the MAGTF G-3/S-3 and G-4/S-4, advises the Navy Control Organization (NCO) of the ship-to-shore movement to meet the tactical requirements ashore and assist in identifying support resources

Answer 84

A

MAGTF command post afloat during the initial phases of the amphibious operation, and maintains communications with the Landing Force Support Party (LFSP) elements.

Ship-to-shore units: LFSP, Shore party, Beach Group; see section 109 Amphib Ops

Answer 85

A

Task-organized unit led by a Medical Staff Officer that coordinates CASEVAC from POI (Point of Injury) and/or CCP (Casualty Collection Point) to an appropriate MTF (Medical Treatment Facility).

Usually sourced from Medical or Dental Battalions. Works in close coordination and often co-located with DASC (Direct Air Support Center, see section 105) and/or MMCC/UMCC. PETs are usually granted wide-latitude in patient/casualty movement up to Role 2 MTFs and answer directly to MAGTF-CE Surgeon via MSOC.

Answer 86

A

Task-organized unit at the CE-level serving as the response cell for MAGTF-CE Surgeon.

Maybe used interchangeably as Health Services Ops Center (HSOC), but usually HSOC is used as a medical response cell at the LCE-level.

Answer 87

A

a high-speed transport vessel of Military Sealift Command (MSC) supporting shore-to-shore surface movement of USFK and USFJ troops and materiel

Answer 88

A

*CE is the MAGTF headquarters. Provides the C2 for planning, direction, & execution of operations.**
Utilizes and coordinates subordinate commands and attachments to accomplish the mission
*Chief of Staff (CoS)** - Responsible for directing, coordinating, supervising, & training the staff.
*Principal Staff:** General staff in units commanded by a general officer and the executive staff for all other units
*Special Staff:** Comptroller, Public Affairs, Staff Judge Advocate, IG, Chaplain (Navy), Surgeon (Navy), NGLO (Navy)
*Personal Staff:** Adjutant, Aide-de-Camp, StaffSec

Answer 89

A

J - Joint, G - MEF, S - Battalion/Regiment

J/G/S-1 -Admin & manpower

J/G/S-2 – Intelligence

J/G/S-3 - Operations

J/G/S-4 -Logistics

J/G-5 - Planning

J/G/S-6 - Comms

J/G/S-7 -Inspector General

J/G-8 - Comptroller

J/G-9 – Civil Affairs

Answer 90

A

*SgtMaj of the Marine Corps**: SMMC Troy Black
*3D MARDIV Sergeant Major**: SgtMaj Michael D. Martinet Command Master Chief: CMDCM Donald O. Leppert

Duties are those specifically assigned by the CO on the discipline, welfare, conduct, morale, & leadership of enlisted personnel.

Answer 91

A

*Table of Organization (T/O)** -Prescribes organizational structure, & personnel/equipment requirements for a military unit.
*Table of Equipment (T/E)** - Prescribes basic allowances of organizational equipment, & provides the control to develop, revise, or change equipment inventory data.

Equipment Density List (EDL) – List of equipment/supply transported to support ops.

Answer 92

A

MEF Information Group (MIG) formerly MEF Headquarters Group – Major subordinate command (MSC) of MEF, provides communications, intelligence, supporting arms liaison, and law enforcement capabilities in support of MAGTF operations.

Answer 93

A

MEF Support Battalion (MSB) provides and coordinates service, security, and admin support to MEF CE, MEB CE, and MIG HQ.

Radio Battalion (RadBn) conduct signals intelligence (SIGINT) and electronic warfare (EW), limited cyberspace operations, and special intelligence (SI) communications

Communication Battalion (Comm Bn) establish, maintain, and defend communication networks and services simultaneously

Intelligence Battalion (Intel Bn) provides intel/counter-intel support to MEF CE, MSCs, and other subordinate units

Law Enforcement Battalion (LE Bn) conduct operations to enhance the security environment and promote the rule of law

Air Naval Gunfire Liaison Company (ANGLICO) provides a liaison capability and to plan, coordinate, employ, and conduct terminal control of fires in support of joint, allied, and coalition forces. ***ANGLICOs are not designed to support USMC maneuver elements but provide fire support and coordination in support of units adjacent to MAGTF***

Answer 94

A

1ST MAW

3D MARDIV

3D MLG

31ST MEU

3D MEB

III MIG

MRF-D

Answer 95

A

Unrestricted Line Naval Officers who assists infantry personnel requiring naval gunfire support (NGS).

As part of FSC, plans and coordinate NGS with other firing agencies (artillery, CAS, and mortars) in conjunction with the Fire Support Coordinator and Fire Support Team Leaders

Answer 96

A

Major subordinate command (MSC) under III MEF.

MRF-D is a sustained commitment to the Australia-U.S. alliance and their combined presence in the USINDOPACOM
MRF-D XX.2 (Apr-Oct) is MEU-size MAGTF: CE, VMM(Rein), CLB, Infantry Bn

Answer 97

A

Other adjacent units of III MEF:
Marine Corps Installations-Pacific (MCIPAC) is USMC’s single, regional authority for accountability of regional installation management resources and services within USINDOPACOM. Bases under MCIPAC:

MCB Camp Smedley D. Butler (Camps Kinser, Foster/Lester, Courtney/McT, Hansen, Schwab, Gonsalves)
MCB Hawaii (consolidation of MCAS Kanehoe Bay, Camp H.M. Smith and other Hawaii satellite units)
MCAS Futenma
MCAS Iwakuni
CATC Fuji
Camp Mujuk (South Korea)
*Provost Marshall Office (PMO)** – Military Police (MP). They fall under Marine Corps Installations (ex MCIPAC).
*Marine Forces-Japan (MARFORJ)** – All Marine forces in Japan Marine Forces-Korea (MARFORK) – All Marine forces in Korea

Answer 98

A

U.S. Navy task group responsible to surface movement and debarkation of amphibious LF.

Answer 99

A

U.S. Marine Corps unit conducting amphibious operations.

Answer 100

A

Planning
Embarkation
Rehearsal
Movement
Action/Assault

Answer 101

A

Raid
Feint
Demonstration
Assault

Answer 102

A

LCC (Amphibious Command & Control Ship) USS BLUE RIDGE (LCC-19)

LHA (Amphibious Assault Ship, General Purpose) embark, deploy, & land elements of a Marine landing force in an amphibious assault by helicopter, landing craft, amphibious vehicles, or combinations of these methods. USS AMERICA (LHA-6)

LHD (Amphibious Assault Ship, Multi-purpose) similar in function of LHA with additional fixed-wing vertical/short takeoff & helicopters are deployed. All active LHDs are Wasp-class amphib ships. ESG-7 do not have organic LHDs.

LPD (Amphibious Transport Dock) San Antonio-class, transport land troops & materiel by embarked landing craft or amphibious vehicles augmented by helicopter lift and refueling points as well. USS NEW ORLEANS (LPD-18), USS GREEN BAY (LPD-20)

LSD (Dock Landing Ship) transport & launch amphibious assault troops via LCACs, AAV’s, & helicopters, provide limited docking repair service to small ships & craft. USS GERMANTOWN (LSD-42), USS ASHLAND (LSD-48)

Answer 103

A

CG (Guided-Missile Cruisers)

DDG (Guided-Missile Destroyers) are frequently used in NGFS role.

Answer 104

A

LCAC (Landing Craft Air Cushion) enabling to launch amphibious assaults from points over the horizon (OTH) from up to 50 nautical miles (93 km; 58 mi) offshore reducing risk to ATF. LCAC has over-the-beach capability and can access more than 80% of the world’s coastlines. LCAC can carry 24 troops & 60 tons of equipment (1 Abrams, 2 AAVs) Speed: 40+ knots over 200 nm

LCU (Landing Craft Utility) Land heavy vehicles, equipment, personnel, & cargo in an amphibious assault. LCU delivers 143 tons of equipment or 400 men. Speed: 12 knots - 1200 nm

AAV Ship-to-shore lift capability during amphibious assault

AAVs primarily used to transport personnel in tactical operations.
Can transport cargo forward of the forward edge of the battle area (FEBA)

Answer 105

A

L-hour - When helo skids first hit the LZ

H-hour - When 1st assault-craft lands

D-day - Unnamed day on which a particular operation commences or is to commence

Line of Departure (LOD) – an identified offshore coordinating line to assist assault craft to land on designated beaches as scheduled

Why high tides are preferable during amphibious assaults?

Answer 106

A

Once the LF is embarked in the ATF, CATF assumes full responsibility for the ATF and the operation.
CLF, subject to CATF’s command authority, is responsible for the conduct of operations ashore.
No significant decision by either commander that affects the plans, disposition, or intentions of the other should be made without consulting the commander concerned.
Changes to the ATF landing plan will be made only after consultation between and concurrence by both commanders.
After sufficient combat power is ashore the CLF will request to take Charge of Operation ashore.

Answer 107

A

ATF (Navy): CTF-76/Expeditionary Strike Group-SEVEN (ESG-7), Seventh Fleet (C7F)

LF (Marine Corps): TF-79/31ST MEU, III MEF

Answer 108

A

Temporary landing force organization composed of ATF & LF elements that facilitates the ship-to-shore movement & provides initial combat support & combat service support (CSS) to the LF (colored-beach flags).

LFSP mission: Support the landing & movement of troops, equipment, & supplies across beaches & into landing zones (LZs).

Answer 109

A

Task organized to facilitate the landing & movement of LF & materiel, in addition to evacuation of casualties and EPWs.

Shore party sourced from MLG augmented with personnel & equipment from the GCE, ACE, Seabees, & other MLE units. The shore party is the LF component of the LFSP.

Answer 110

A

amphibious assaults, he provides personnel to support and operate causeway lighterage, LCACs, LCUs,
buoyant ship-to-shore bulk fuel systems, beach traffic control, and beach salvage equipment.

Answer 111

A

sourced from the ship’s embarked LF in assisting the movement of materiel.

Answer 112

A

Anti-terrorism (AT) - Defensive measures used to reduce the vulnerability of individuals & property to terrorist acts, to include limited response, & containment by military and civilian forces.

Force Protection (FP) - Security programs designed to protect service members, civilian employees, family members, facilities, information, & equipment in all locations and situations, accomplished through the planned and integrated application of combating terrorism, physical security, OPSEC, personnel protective services, & supported by INTEL, Cl, & security programs.

Answer 113

A

“NORMAL” - General global threat which warrants a routine security posture. At a minimum, access control will be conducted.

“ALPHA” - When there is a general threat of possible terrorist activity against personnel & facilities, the extent and nature which are unpredictable.

“BRAVO” - Applies when an increased & more predictable threat of terrorist activity exists.

“CHARLIE” - Applies when an incident occurs or intelligence is received indicating that some form of terrorist action against personnel & facilities is imminent.

“DELTA” - Applies in the immediate area where a terrorist attack has occurred or when intelligence has been
received that terrorist action against a specific location or person is likely.

Answer 114

A

Deadly Force - The efforts of an individual used against another to cause death, substantial risk of death, or serious bodily harm.

Show of force: Shout -> Show (weapon readiness) -> Shove -> Shoot

Discuss rear-area security measures: Preventing or minimizing disruption of support operations.

Answer 115

A

Code of Conduct - Established by President Dwight D. Eisenhower on 17 August 1955, as a response to inconsistent actions taken by US military members in the Korean War, and help repatriate service members.

Answer 116

A

Article 1: “I am an American fighting in the armed forces, which guard my country and our way of life. I am prepared to give my life in their defense.”

Article 2: “I will never surrender of my own free will. If in command, I will never surrender the members of my command while they still have the means to resist.”

Article 3: “If I am captured, I will continue to resist by all means available. I will make every effort to escape and aid others to escape. I will accept neither parole nor special favors from the enemy.”

Article 4: “If I become a prisoner of war. I will keep faith with my fellow prisoners. I will give no information nor take part in any action, which might be very harmful to my comrades. If I am senior, I will take command. If not, I will obey the lawful orders of senior prisoners, regardless of the branch of service (U.S. Or allied nation).

Article 5: “When questioned, should I become a prisoner of war, I am required to give name, rank, service number and date of birth. I will evade answering further questions to the utmost of my ability. I will give no oral or written statements disloyal to my country and its allies, or harmful to their cause.”

Article 6: “I will never forget that I am an American, fighting for freedom, responsible for my actions, and dedicated to the principles, which made my country free. I will trust in God and in the United States of America.”

Answer 117

A

Name
Rank
EDIPI number
Date of Birth

Answer 118

A

Skillfully handled naval forces would enable the US to exert its influence in littoral regions worldwide.

Principles of OMFTS:

1) Focus on an operational objective.
2) Use the sea as maneuvering space.
3) Generate overwhelming tempo and momentum.
4) Pit strength against weakness.
5) Emphasize intelligence, deceptions, and flexibility.
6) Integrate all organic, joint, and combined assets.

Answer 119

A

Wide range of operations, both combat & noncombat. Focuses on deterring war, resolving conflict, promoting peace, & supporting civil authorities in response to domestic crises.

e.g. Noncombatant Evacuation Operations (NEO), Strikes & Raids, Combating Terrorism, Counter Drug Ops, Nation & Humanitarian Assistance, Protection of Shipping, Arms Control, Peace Keeping & Peace Enforcement

Answer 120

A

HA-type missions that could occur in conjunction with peace operations include:

Providing food, water, shelter, transportation, and engineer support to the resident population.
Assisting in the delivery of humanitarian aid, especially to isolated communities.
Providing emergency medical treatment and medical assistance programs for the prevention of disease.
Providing extraction and evacuation of sick, injured, or wounded civilians.

※US military is uniquely qualified to plan and execute HA-type missions because it has the structure, educated and trained personnel, essential equipment, rapid worldwide deployability, and ability to operate in austere environments.**

Answer 121

A

All military actions conducted on a topographical complex & its adjacent terrain where manmade construction is the dominant feature. Includes house-to-house & street-by-street fighting in towns & cities.

Answer 122

A

Directives issued by competent military authority that delineates the circumstances & limitations under which US forces will initiate and/or continue combat engagement with other forces encountered. Essentially restrictions in the use of weapons.

What is Medical ROE?

Answer 123

A

Irregular Warfare:

*Counter Terrorism** -offensive measures taken to prevent, deter, pre-empt, and respond to terrorism.
*Foreign Internal Defense** - involves participation by civilian and military agencies to free and protect its society from subversion, lawlessness, and insurgency.
*Counterinsurgency Operations (COIN)** - military, paramilitary, political, economic, psychological, and civic actions taken by a government to defeat an insurgency.
*Stability Ops** - encompass various military missions, tasks, and activities to maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment and/or provide essential governmental services, emergency infrastructure reconstruction, and humanitarian relief.

Answer 124

A

provides Forward Deployment Forces (FDF) for periods of approximately six months to Western Pacific (WESTPAC) to reduce the number of unaccompanied tours and improve unit continuity.

What are the current UDP/FDF units under 3D MARDIV currently in Okinawa? What higher unit do they fall under?

Answer 125

A

Expeditionary Advanced Base Ops (EABO) distribute capabilities by providing land-based options (i.e. Marine Corps) for increasing the number of Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR)/shooters beyond the quantity of seagoing platforms (i.e. US and allied naval ships) available. EABO concept espouses employing mobile, relatively low-cost capabilities in austere, temporary locations forward as integral elements of Fleet Marine Forces (FMF) to control key maritime terrain to improve the security of sea lines of communications (SLOC) and chokepoints, or sea denial, and exploit and enhance the natural barriers formed by island chains.

Answer 126

A

Littoral Ops in Contested Environment (LOCE) describes naval operations in the littoral environment providing a unified Navy-Marine Corps framework, with renewed emphasis on fighting for and gaining sea control, to include employing sea-based and land-based Marine Corps capabilities in support of the sea control fight.

Answer 127

A

Distributed Maritime Ops (DMO) “…is a combination of distributed forces, integration of effects, and maneuver…enhance battle space awareness and influence; it will generate opportunities for naval forces to achieve surprise, to neutralize threats and to overwhelm the adversary; and it will impose operational dilemmas on the adversary.” – VADM Phillip Sawyer (currently C7F)

Answer 128

A

Marine Littoral Regiment (MLR) – a transition from Marine Infantry Regiment, to conduct sea denial operations, survive in a contested maritime environment and serve as a larger Naval expeditionary force. A self-supporting unit consisting of a combat team, an anti-air battalion and a logistics battalion; organized around an infantry battalion and long-range anti-ship battery.

What is the importance of the First Island Chain? Why are we here in Okinawa?

Answer 129

A

High Frequency (HF) - capable of both long to short-range secure voice & data comms; 2 - 29.9999 MHz.

e.g.. Naval Gunfire, INTEL

Answer 130

A

Very High Frequency (VHF) - Primary MAGTF radio is the single channel ground & airborne radio system (SINCGARS). VHF provides high security against EW threat by using frequency hopping with integrated COMSEC (cipher text); 30 - 87.975 MHz.
Convoy Control.

Ex. Fire Support Coordination (FSC), Landing Force Shore Party (LFSP), Tactical (TAC)

Answer 131

A

Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) radio equipment operates in the 116 -150 MHz upper VHF & the 225 -400 MHz military UHF radio spectrum. UHF frequency propagation, AKA, Critical LOS or Optical LOS.

Ex. Helo Direction (HD), Landing Zone (LZ) Control, SAR

Answer 132

A

COMSEC provision of technically sound cryptosystems and their proper use. This includes ensuring message confidentiality and authenticity.

Answer 133

A

COMSEC resulting from all measures taken to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derived from communications systems and cryptographic equipment intercepts and the interception and analysis of compromising emanations from cryptographic—equipment, information systems, and telecommunications systems.

*Also known as TEMPEST (Telecommunications Electronics Materials Protected from Emanating Spurious Transmissions)

Answer 134

A

COMSEC designed to protect transmissions from interception and exploitation by means other than cryptanalysis (e.g. frequency hopping and spread spectrum).

Answer 135

A

COMSEC using all physical measures necessary to safeguard classified equipment, material, and documents from access thereto or observation thereof by unauthorized persons.

Answer 136

A

Confidential - unauthorized disclosure could be expected to cause damage to the national security,

Secret - unauthorized disclosure could be expected to cause SERIOUS damage to the national security.

Top Secret - unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally grave danger to the national security.

Answer 137

A

RULE #1 - TREAT every weapon as if it were loaded.
RULE #2 - NEVER point a weapon at anything you do not intend to shoot.
RULE #3 - KEEP finger straight & off the trigger until you are ready to fire
RULE #4 - KEEP weapon on safe until you intend to fire.

Answer 138

A

CONDITION ONE - Round in chamber, safety on.

CONDITON TWO - N/A (only on revolvers)

CONDITION THREE - Chamber empty, magazine in, safety on.

CONDITION FOUR - Chamber empty, no magazine, safety on.

Answer 139

A

M9 pistol - Semiautomatic, magazine fed, recoil-operated, double/single action pistol chambered for the 9mm cartridge.

Maximum range: 1,800 meters

Maximum effective range: 50 meters

Immediate action - Unhesitating response to a stoppage without investigating the cause.

TAP -> Slap the bottom of the magazine.

RACK -> Pull the slide to the rear & release.

BANG -> Sight & fire.

Answer 140

A

M4 - Light-weight, air-cooled, gas-operated, magazine-fed, rifle chambered for the 5.56mm round.

Answer 141

A

M27 - Infantry Automatic Rifle (IAR), 5.56mm select-fire assault rifle.

※USMC is issuing suppressors to all rifleman in infantry, reconnaissance and special operations, why?

Answer 142

A

M2 (.50 cal) - Closed-bolt, recoil-operated & belt-fed, Max. eff. range= 1,830 m

Answer 143

A

M240 (7.62) -Air-cooled, gas-operated, open-bolt, belt-fed, Max. eff. = 1,800 m

Answer 144

A

M249 SAW (5.56) -Air-cooled, gas-operated, open-bolt & belt-fed or mag. Fire Team built around SAW
Max. eff. point tgt. = 800 m

Answer 145

A

MK-19 -closed-bolt, recoil-operated & belt-fed 40 mm,

Max. range = 2,212m

Answer 146

A

M777 Towed Howitzer - 155 mm projectile

Answer 147

A

Targeted Optical Wire-Guided (TOW) - Anti-armor weapon system Ranges up to 3,750 m

Answer 148

A

High-Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS).

Which USMC Artillery Battalion that provides/sources this capability?

Answer 149

A

CAMOUFLAGE** – Methods to keep yourself, your equipment & your position from *looking like what they really are.
*COVER** - Anything that gives protection from bullets, fragments of exploding rounds, flame, nuclear effects, & biological and chemical agents. Cover can also conceal you from enemy observation.
CONCEALMENT** anything that *hides you from enemy observation. Does not protect you from enemy fire.

Answer 150

A

Operations Order (OPORD) – SMEAC structure

Situation

*Enemy Forces**: composition, disposition, location, movement, capabilities, and recent activities of enemy forces.
*Friendly Forces**: A statement of the mission of the next higher unit, location and mission of adjacent units, and the commander’s intent
*Mission** - Clear, concise statement of the mission; a 5Ws
Execution** - *Concept of Operations (CONOPS), Subordinate Tasks (missions), & Coordinating Instructions
*Administration & Logistics** - “Beans, bullets, & band-aids.” Concept of Logistics
*Command & Signals** - COMMS, password, countersigns, etc.

Types of OPORDs: EXORD = Execute Order, TASKORD = Tasking Order,
FRAGO = Fragmentary Order (additional changes to OPORD w/out changing the whole thing)
e.g., Read the IIIMEF/MARFOJ COVID RESPONSE TASKORD. It is a SMEAC construct

(Not in PQS) Annex Q of OPORD – Medical Services

Answer 151

A

SALUTE report
Size - Record the number of personnel & equipment
Activity - Record what the enemy is doing
Location – Military Grid Reference System (MGRS) Grid Coordinates
Ex: MGRS 10 grid of Cinderella Castle at Magic Kingdom: 17RMM4307743815
Unit - Describe patches, clothing, distinctive signs/symbols, vehicle or number
Time – Date-time Group (DTG) Ex. 31 Dec 2020, 2359 EST  312359R DEC20 (Time Zone ex: R=EST, U: PST, I = JST, Z = Zulu)
Equipment

Answer 152

A

Tactical hand signals: Know at least five

Answer 153

A

Criteria for a helicopter landing zone (HLZ), including a NATO “Y” marking
- Ground Chosen Must Support Safe Landing of Helicopters
- Landing Zone is large enough and identifiable from air
- Wind direction must be opposite direction of helo’s heading
- Obstacles? Trees, stumps, rocks, power-lines,
- Slope< 7 degrees?,
- Clearance - Ten times the distance from the height of the tallest object
Ex. If Tree is 30 feet tall, then LZ needs 300 feet clearance
- Secure from direct enemy threat
- Helo blades add: Daylight (+100ft) & nighttime (+150ft)

Answer 154

A

SPOT Report: An informal but accurate 5Ws to the proper authority upon mission completion.

*Verbal Reports** - when writing is impractical, when the information is not complicated or when the enemy is likely to intercept a messenger carrying a written message.
*Written Messages** - recorded in message book blanks issued for that purpose and delivered to a higher authority as soon as possible. Ex. A NATO SPOTREP should be reviewed as the written message is a NATO format.

Answer 155

A

Strategic Objective- strategic level of war — The level of war at which a nation, often as a member of a group of nations,
determines national or multinational (alliance or coalition) strategic security objectives and guidance, and develops and uses national resources to achieve these objectives.

Activities at this level establish national and multinational military objectives; sequence initiatives; define limits and assess risks for the use of military and other instruments of national power; develop global plans or theater war plans to achieve those objectives; and provide military forces and other capabilities in accordance with strategic plans.

Answer 156

A

Operational Objective- Operational level of war — The level of war at which campaigns and major operations are planned,
conducted, and sustained to achieve strategic objectives within theaters or other operational areas.

Activities at this level link tactics and strategy by establishing operational objectives needed to achieve the strategic objectives, sequencing events to achieve the operational objectives, initiating actions, and applying resources to bring about and sustain these events.

Answer 157

A

Tactical Objective- tactical level of war — The level of war at which battles and engagements are planned and executed to
achieve military objectives assigned to tactical units or task forces.

Activities at this level focus on the ordered arrangement and maneuver of combat elements in relation to each other and to the enemy to achieve combat objectives.

Answer 158

A

Marine Corps Planning Process (MCPP) - Responsive & flexible process that can adapt to the needs of any size unit & adjust to any timetable. Used on MEUs, generally with a 24 hour time table to completion. MCPP complements joint deliberate & crisis action planning, and the naval planning process.

MCPP Six Steps:
1) Problem Framing

2) COA Development
3) COA War Game
4) COA Comparison & Decision
5) Orders Development
6) Transition

Answer 159

A

Planning is a fundamental responsibility of command, commander driving planning process.

Answer 160

A

Operations or events in one part of the battlespace often have profound and consequent effects on other areas and events; therefore, a commander must always view the battlespace as an indivisible entity.

Answer 161

A

Integrated Planning - Coordinate action toward a common purpose by all elements of the force. Integrated planning is facilitated by the assignment of personnel with an appropriate level of knowledge of their respective organization or activity to the Operational Planning Team (OPT). The key to integrated planning is to involve the right personnel from the right organizations in the planning process as early as possible to consider all relevant factors, reduce omissions, and share information as broadly as possible.

Answer 162

A

is “the source of power that provides moral or physical strength, freedom of action, or will to act.”

Answer 163

A

Commander’s intent is the commander’s personal Expression of the purpose of the operation. It must be clear, concise, and easily understood. Commander’s intent helps subordinates understand the larger context of their actions and guides them in the absence of orders. It allows subordinates to exercise judgment and initiative - when the task assigned is no longer appropriate given the current situation—in a way that is consistent with the higher commander’s aims.

Answer 164

A

A CONPLAN is an operation plan in an abbreviated format that may require considerable expansion or alteration to convert it into an OPLAN or OPORD. It includes a base plan with annexes required by the JFC and a supported commander’s estimate of the plan’s feasibility. It may also produce a TPFDD if applicable.

Answer 165

A

**OPLAN is Any plan for the conduct of military ops prepared in response to actual and potential contingencies.
- A complete and detailed joint plan containing a full description of the concept of operations (CONOPS), all annexes applicable to the plan, and a Time-Phased Force and Deployment Data (TPFDD).

It identifies the specific forces, functional support, and resources required to execute the plan and provide closure estimates for their flow into the theater.

Answer 166

A

(FUNCPLAN) - Plans involving the conduct of operations in a peacetime or permissive environment developed by COCOM Cdr to address requirements such as disaster relief, nation assistance, logistics, communications, surveillance, protection of US citizens, nuclear weapon recovery and evacuation, and continuity of operations or similar discrete tasks.

Answer 167

A

(TPFDD) - Identifies forces & supplies with movement schedule Time matrix of origin, travel, weight, number, type, destination, & purpose with final user. Answers the 5Ws of Deployment and the “How” regarding movements.

Answer 168

A

Lensatic compass, Bezel Ring - 120 clicks, 3 degrees for each click

Know: Magnetic Azimuth vs. Grid Azimuth -> Declination - Grid North vs. True North vs. Magnetic North

Answer 169

A

Identify Marginal information of Topo Map: Legend, Bar Scale, Declination, Grid Reference Box, Contour Intervals

Answer 170

A

MGRS 10 grid of Cinderella Castle at Magic Kingdom: 17RMM4307743815 17R = Grid Zone Coordinator, MM = 100km2 identifier, 43077 = Easting, 43815 = Northing

6-grid: 430 438, precision to 10,000m2 or 1 hectare (about two football fields)

8-grid: 4307 4381, precision to 100m2 (slightly less than a full-size tennis court)

10-grid: 43077 43815, precision to 1m2 (size of a large coffee table)

Answer 171

A

Orienting a topo map without using a compass by matching topographical features on the map with the real-world terrain.

Most commonly used if there are terrain with prominent and/or easily distinguishable geographical features.

Answer 172

A

Resection/Intersection Techniques to determine unknown location from at least two known locations on a topo map

Answer 173

A

Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) - developed by the Defense Health Agency (DHA) Joint Trauma System to teach evidence-based, life-saving techniques and strategies for providing the best trauma care on the battlefield.

**Units that have trained all members in TCCC have achieved the lowest incidence of preventable combat deaths in history.**

Answer 174

A

1) CARE UNDER FIRE - Return fire, take cover. Direct or expect casualty to remain engaged as a combatant if appropriate. Direct casualty to move to cover and apply self-aid if able. Keep the casualty from sustaining additional wounds. Casualties extricated from burning vehicles/buildings and moved to relative safety. Stop life-threatening external hemorrhage if tactically feasible:
Tourniquets (TQ) - saves lives on the battlefield!! No arms or legs lost because of tourniquet use
※TQ is first choice for control of life-threatening extremity hemorrhage in Care Under Fire.”

2) TACTICAL FIELD CARE - reduced level of hazard from hostile fire. More time available to provide care based on the tactical situation. Consist of rapid treatment of the most serious wounds with the expectation of a re-engagement with hostile forces at any moment, or there may be ample time to render whatever care is possible in the field.
Time to evacuation may vary from minutes to several hours or longer.
What’s the primary way of keeping the airway open?
It’s usually the tongue that’s in the way. Using the head tilt chin lift method usually works to open the airway.

3) TACTICAL EVACUATION CARE provided while casualties are moved from the hostile and austere tactical environment in which they were injured to a more secure location capable of providing advanced medical care.
* *CASEVAC- Casualty Evacuation using non-medical platforms
* *MEDEVAC - Medical Evacuation using special dedicated medical assets marked with a Red Cross, non-combatant assets

Answer 175

A

Boil it, Add iodine, or Add Bleach

Answer 176

A

100 Meters or more. Downwind and down slope if possible.

Answer 177

A

Move them into the shade. Loosen clothing. Take boots off. Douse with water.

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FMFWO Study Guide - Division Flashcards

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